High-energy behaviour of a current amplitude and the Callan-Symanzik equations

1975 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
C. Nash
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Current Amplitude ◽  
Energy Behaviour ◽  
A Current

High-energy behaviour of ladder graphs with multiple loops

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 (22) ◽  
pp. 1146-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Horváth ◽  
G. Pócsik
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Behaviour ◽  
Ladder Graphs

Creation of a hard microrelief on a titanium surface processed by microplasma discharges with a current amplitude of 200 A and pulse duration of 20 ms

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (13) ◽  
pp. 1105-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Ivanov ◽  
M. E. Konyzhev ◽  
L. I. Kuksenova ◽  
V. G. Lapteva ◽  
M. S. Alekseeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Duration ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Current Amplitude ◽  
A Current

Experimental Investigation of High-Speed/High-Voltage SMA Actuation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Motzki ◽  
Tom Gorges ◽  
Thomas Würtz ◽  
Stefan Seelecke
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Wire Diameter ◽  
High Current ◽  
Sma Actuator ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Supply Voltages ◽  
A Current

The thermal shape memory effect describes the ability of a deformed material to return to its original shape when heated. This effect is found in shape memory alloys (SMAs) such as nickel-titanium (NiTi). SMA actuator wire is known for its high energy density and allows for the construction of compact systems. An additional advantage is the so-called “self-sensing” effect, which can be used for sensor tasks within an actuator-sensor-system. In most applications, a current is used to heat the SMA wires through joule heating. Usually a current between zero and four ampere is recommended by the SMA wire manufacturers depending on the wire diameter. Therefore, supply voltage is adjusted to the SMA wire’s electrical resistance to reach the recommended current. The focus of this work is to use supply voltages of magnitudes higher than the recommended supply voltages on SMA actuator wires. This actuation method has the advantage of being able to use industry standard voltage supplies for SMA actuators. Additionally, depending on the application, faster actuation and higher strokes can be achieved. The high voltage results in a high current in the SMA wire. To prevent the wire from being destroyed by the high current, short pulses in the micro- and millisecond range are used. As part of the presented work, a test setup has been constructed to examine the effects of the crucial parameters such as supply voltage amplitude, pulse duration, wire diameter and wire pre-tension. The monitored parameters in this setup are the wire displacement, wire current and force generated by the SMA wire. All sensors in this setup and their timing is validated through several experiments. Additionally, a highspeed optical camera system is used to record qualitative videos of the SMA wire’s behavior under there extreme conditions. This optical feedback is necessary to fully understand and interpret the measured force and displacement signals.

Remarks on the connections between the high-energy behaviour of resonances and unitarity

1970 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Paciello ◽  
B. Taglienti ◽  
L. Sertorio
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Behaviour
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