Attenuation coefficients of the cosmic-ray nucleonic component in the lower atmosphere

1965 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bachelet ◽  
P. Balata ◽  
E. Dyring ◽  
N. Iucci
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Nucleonic Component

Cosmic-ray ionization in the lower atmosphere

1966 ◽  
Vol 71 (19) ◽  
pp. 4661-4668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne M. Lowder ◽  
Harold L. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Lower Atmosphere

scholarly journals Cosmic ray and solar activity influences on long-term variations of cave climate systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Alexey Stoev ◽  
Penka Stoeva
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Barotropic Fluid ◽  
Dynamical Parameters ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Ray

During the analysis of solar activity impact on climate, the emphasis is placed on temperature changes. Earth's atmosphere is a dynamical system with a complex variability in space and time. Due to the fact that caves in Karst preserve the long term environmental changes, the investigation of the in-caves’ atmospheric parameters and their variations with time becomes very important in the last quarter of century. In this paper we investigate the temporal evolution of the temperature and pressure of the ground atmospheric layer in the region of two Bulgarian caves: Snezhanka (Pazardjik region) and Uhlovitsa (Smolyan region), during the period 2005–2017. We show that thermal and mass exchange of the caves’ air with the environment has significant temporal variations. On annual basis the thermo-dynamical parameters of the observed caves behaves as a barotropic fluid, in which the air density depends only on atmospheric pressure. As a result, the temporal evolution of in-caves’ pressure and temperature change synchronously with time. The observed 11-year signal could be attributed to the heliospheric modulation of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity, which modulates the ozone and humidity near the tropopause and correspondingly the strength of the atmospheric greenhouse effect. Our study helps to clarify the influence of helio-geophysical factors on the state of the lower atmosphere.

LATITUDE EFFECT OF THE COSMIC RAY NUCLEON AND MESON COMPONENTS AT SEA LEVEL FROM THE ARCTIC TO THE ANTARCTIC

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 968-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Rose ◽  
K. B. Fenton ◽  
J. Katzman ◽  
J. A. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Geomagnetic Equator ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Latitude Effect ◽  
Nucleonic Component ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Eccentric Dipole

Results are presented of cosmic ray measurements taken at sea level during 1954–55 from the Arctic to the Antarctic. The equipment consisted of a neutron monitor and a meson telescope. Latitude effects of 1.77 for the nucleonic component and 1.15 for the meson component were measured. The longitude effect at the equator was much less than expected on the basis of the geomagnetic eccentric dipole and the longitude effect at intermediate northern latitudes shows that the longitude of the effective eccentric dipole is considerably west of that of the geomagnetic eccentric dipole. In a previous paper by the same authors, the positions of the equatorial minima were combined with other published cosmic ray measurements to calculate a new cosmic ray geomagnetic equator. In this paper new coordinates are derived on the assumption that these equatorial coordinates apply to a new eccentric dipole, and, therefore, that the equatorial coordinates may be extended to high latitudes. When the complete results are plotted on these coordinates, it is found that an eccentric dipole representation of the earth's magnetic field is inconsistent with the combined observations at all latitudes.

scholarly journals Theoretical formula for the cosmic-ray muon attenuation coefficients of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Al

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rasha N. I. Altameemi ◽  
Nurul Shazana Abdul Hamid ◽  
Wan Mohd Aimran Wan Mohd Kamil ◽  
Saad M. Saleh Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Theoretical Formula ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients

Time changes of the attenuation coefficients for cosmic-ray neutron monitors

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S1041-S1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bachelet ◽  
E. Dyring ◽  
N. Iucci ◽  
G. Villoresi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Time Variation ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Neutron Monitors ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Independent Estimate ◽  
Time Changes

The time variation of the attenuation coefficients is synoptically studied by regression analysis on reduced and filtered daily data of 21 IGY neutron monitors from 1957 to 1965 and 11 IQSY supermonitors from 1964 to 1966. For the sea-level IGY monitors at high latitude a typical peak-to-peak amplitude of 4% is found for the solar-cycle change, in agreement with an independent estimate of the effect. The supermonitor results show, as expected, no relevant time variation in the period studied and smaller differences than the IGY monitors among stations of similar geophysical conditions.Attenuation coefficients obtained by mobile monitor measurements in 1967 are also presented.

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