Vernolic acid esters as plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride

1966 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 456-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Riser ◽  
R. W. Riemenschneider ◽  
Lee P. Witnauer
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Vernolic Acid ◽  
Acid Esters

Loss of Phthalic Acid Ester from Polyvinyl Chloride Tubing into Various Fluids1

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 551-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANE S. MUELLER ◽  
R. L. BRADLEY
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Phthalic Acid Ester ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Deformation Tests ◽  
Acid Esters

Migration of phthalic acid esters (PAE) from polyvinyl chloride (Tygon) tubing, approved for use with processed milk and milk products, was measured under conditions simulating normal daily use. Squares of tubing were soaking in water at 18, 44, and 72 C; milk at 38 C; aqueous solutions of two chlorinated alkaline cleaners at 62 C and use dilution; and three sanitizers at 24 C and use dilution. Each soaking solution was extracted using the AOAC Method for organochlorine pesticides and analyzed quantitatively for PAEs by gas liquid chromatography. Water at 72 C extracted greater amounts of PAEs than water at 18 or 44 C. Milk extracted the least amounts of PAEs; values were usually less than 1 ppb per day. Little difference was seen between the two chlorinated alkaline cleaners. Sanitizers, in general, extracted the greatest quantities of PAEs, averaging about 3 ppb per day. Leaching patterns of the individual sanitizers varied. Deformation tests were made on the used squares of tubing with a penetrometer. No change was found compared to samples of unused tubing (control), indicating longer use and greater PAE loss is necessary before tubing flexibility is affected.

Vapour pressure of phthalic acid esters over plasticized polyvinyl chloride

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2343-2351 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.B. Rabinovich ◽  
N.V. Karyakin ◽  
Yu.V. Ovchinnikov ◽  
B.F. Teplov
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Acid Esters

scholarly journals Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Plasticized with Natural Fatty Acid Esters

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 761-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Octavio Fenollar ◽  
David Garcia-Sanoguera ◽  
Lourdes Sanchez-Nacher ◽  
Teodomiro Boronat ◽  
Juan López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Natural Fatty Acid

Production, Use, and Fate of Phthalic Acid Esters for Polyvinyl Chloride Products in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyan Bi ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Xiaoyu Luan ◽  
Muyang Li ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Acid Esters

A Replica Technique for the Inside Surfaces of Small Diameter Pipes and Tubes

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
T. G. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
Tube Size ◽  
Inside Diameter ◽  
Complete Inspection ◽  
Operating Limits

A nondestructive replica technique permitting complete inspection of bore surfaces having an inside diameter from 0.050 inch to 0.500 inch is described. Replicas are thermally formed on the outside surface of plastic tubing inflated in the bore of the sample being studied. This technique provides a new medium for inspection of bores that are too small or otherwise beyond the operating limits of conventional inspection methods.Bore replicas may be prepared by sliding a length of plastic tubing completely through the bore to be studied as shown in Figure 1. Polyvinyl chloride tubing suitable for this replica process is commercially available in sizes from 0.037- to 0.500-inch diameter. A tube size slightly smaller than the bore to be replicated should be used to facilitate insertion of the plastic replica blank into the bore.

1832-P: Palmitic Acid Esters of Hydroxy Stearic Acids Reduce Endogenous Glucose Production through GPR43 Activation

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1832-P
Author(s):  
ANNA SANTORO ◽  
PENG ZHOU ◽  
YAN ZHU ◽  
ODILE D. PERONI ◽  
ANDREW T. NELSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Endogenous Glucose Production ◽  
Endogenous Glucose ◽  
Acid Esters

Ketones from Nickel-Catalyzed Decarboxylative, Non-Symmetric Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Carboxylic Acid Esters

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Wang ◽  
Brian P. Cary ◽  
Peyton Beyer ◽  
Samuel H. Gellman ◽  
Daniel Weix
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Solid Support ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Decarboxylative Coupling ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Acyl Donors ◽  
Acid Esters

A new strategy for the synthesis of ketones is presented based upon the decarboxylative coupling of N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHP) esters with S-2-pyridyl thioesters. The reactions are selective for the cross-coupled product because NHP esters act as radical donors and the thioesters act as acyl donors. The reaction conditions are general and mild, with over 40 examples presented, including larger fragments and the 20-mer peptide Exendin(9-39) on solid support.

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