Fracture-mechanisms in pure iron, two austenitic steels, and one ferritic steel

1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Fields ◽  
T. Weerasooriya ◽  
M. F. Ashby
Keyword(s):  
Pure Iron ◽  
Ferritic Steel ◽  
Austenitic Steels ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms

Fatigue Behavior of High Manganese TWIP Steels and of Low Alloy Q&P Steels for Car-Body Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 783-786 ◽  
pp. 713-720
Author(s):  
Paolo Matteis ◽  
Giorgio Scavino ◽  
R. Sesana ◽  
F. D’Aiuto ◽  
Donato Firrao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Austenitic Steels ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
Cold Forming ◽  
Austenitic Structure ◽  
Plasticity Effect ◽  
Twip Steels

The automotive TWIP steels are high-Mn austenitic steels, with a relevant C content, which exhibit a promising combination of strength and toughness, arising from the ductile austenitic structure, which is strengthened by C, and from the TWIP (TWinning Induced Plasticity) effect. The microstructure of the low-alloy Q&P steels consists of martensite and austenite and is obtained by the Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) heat treatment, which consists of: austenitizing; quenching to the Tqtemperature, comprised between Msand Mf; soaking at the Tppartitioning temperature (Tpbeing equal to or slightly higher than Tq) to allow carbon to diffuse from martensite to austenite; and quenching to room temperature. The fatigue behavior of these steels is examined both in the as-fabricated condition and after pre-straining and welding operations, which are representative of the cold forming and assembling operations performed to fabricate the car-bodies. Moreover, the microscopic fracture mechanisms are assessed by means of fractographic examinations.

Corrosion in Iron and Steel T91 Caused by Flowing Lead–Bismuth Eutectic at 400 °C and 10−7 Mass% Dissolved Oxygen

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Schroer ◽  
Valentyn Tsisar ◽  
Adeline Durand ◽  
Olaf Wedemeyer ◽  
Aleksandr Skrypnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Pure Iron ◽  
Martensitic Steel ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Austenitic Steels ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Singular Event ◽  
Lead Bismuth Eutectic

Specimens produced from technically pure iron and two different heats of ferritic/martensitic steel T91 are investigated after exposure to oxygen-containing flowing lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) at 400 °C, 10−7 mass% dissolved oxygen, and flow velocity of 2 m/s, for exposure times between around 1000 and 13,000 h. The occurring phenomena are analyzed and quantified using metallographic cross sections prepared after exposure. While pure iron mostly shows solution underneath or in the absence of a detached and buckled oxide scale, solution in T91 occurs only in a few spots on the sample surface. However, in the case of one of the investigated heats, a singular event of exceptionally severe solution-based corrosion is observed. The results are compared especially with findings at 450 and 550 °C and otherwise similar conditions as well as austenitic steels tested in the identical experimental run.

scholarly journals Correlation of High-temperature Steam Oxidation with Hydrogen Dissolution in Pure Iron and Ternary High-chromium Ferritic Steel

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1066-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki NAKAI ◽  
Kensuke NAGAI ◽  
Yoshinori MURATA ◽  
Masahiko MORINAGA ◽  
Shigeaki MATSUDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Pure Iron ◽  
Ferritic Steel ◽  
Steam Oxidation ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
High Temperature Steam ◽  
Hydrogen Dissolution

The Analysis of Fracture Mechanisms of Ferritic Steel 13HMF at Low Temperatures

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 102470 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Neimitz ◽  
J. Galkiewicz ◽  
S. Kalluri ◽  
R. M. McGaw ◽  
A. Neimitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Ferritic Steel ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms

The Relationship between High-Temperature Steam Oxidation and Hydrogen Dissolution in High-Chromium Ferritic Steels

2006 ◽  
Vol 522-523 ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nagai ◽  
Masaaki Nakai ◽  
Tomonori Kunieda ◽  
Yoshinori Murata ◽  
Masahiko Morinaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Binary Alloy ◽  
Pure Iron ◽  
Ferritic Steel ◽  
Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Steam Oxidation ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Dissolved Hydrogen ◽  
High Temperature Steam

The high-temperature oxidation in air and steam at 923 K was examined with pure iron, Fe-10Cr and Fe-10Cr-0.08C (0~0.03)S steels. The amount of hydrogen dissolved into samples during exposure to steam was measured with thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). It was found that the amount of dissolved hydrogen was related closely to the steam oxidation resistance of the steels. In case of pure iron, the thickness of the oxide scale formed in steam at 923 K for 360 ks was comparable to that of the scale formed in air. On the other hand, in case of the Fe-Cr binary alloy and the ternary ferritic steel, the oxide scale was much thicker in steam than in air. It was found that the amount of the dissolved hydrogen was much larger in both the binary alloy and the ternary ferritic steel than in pure iron, and then it leads to the more accelerated oxidation rate in the ternary steels in steam.

scholarly journals Fracture Mechanisms of S355 Steel—Experimental Research, FEM Simulation and SEM Observation

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihor Dzioba ◽  
Sebastian Lipiec
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Ferritic Steel ◽  
Fem Simulation ◽  
Local Area ◽  
True Stress ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Characteristic Values ◽  
Cracking Process ◽  
Made In

In this study, the fracture mechanisms of S355 ferritic steel were analyzed. In order to obtain different mechanisms of fracture (completely brittle, mixed brittle and ductile or completely ductile), tests were carried out over a temperature range of −120 to +20 °C. Our experimental research was supplemented with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of the specimens’ fracture surfaces. Modeling and load simulations of specimens were performed using the finite element method (FEM) in the ABAQUS program, and accurate calibration of the true stress–strain material dependence was made. In addition, the development of mechanical fields before the crack tip of the cracking process in the steel was analyzed. The distributions of stresses and strains in the local area before the crack front were determined for specimens fractured according to different mechanisms. Finally, the conditions and characteristic values of stresses and strains which caused different mechanisms of fracture—fully brittle, mixed brittle and ductile or fully ductile—were determined.

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