Determination of aluminum content of bayer liquors by electrical conductivity measurement

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Browne ◽  
C. W. P. Finn
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Aluminum Content ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Bayer Liquors

In situ determination of water-saturated solidus by electrical discontinuity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Guo ◽  
Huaiwei Ni
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Solidus Temperature ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Aqueous Fluid ◽  
Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Rock System ◽  
Hydrous Melt ◽  
Water Saturated

<p><span>Water plays an important role in lowering melting temperature of rocks. The water-saturated solidus of rock is critical for understanding the magma generation and the dynamics of the Earth. There have been a lot of water-saturated solidi of rocks constrained by traditional quench method in literature. However, since both of the hydrous silicate melt and aqueous fluid can be quenched to glasses at high pressure, it is difficult to discriminate whether the quenched glasses were from melt or not. As a result, the water-saturated solidi of rocks from different studies may show significant discrepancy. One way to solve this problem is to detect the characteristics change of the rock system in situ, and electrical conductivity measurement is one of the good options. It is known that hydrous melt has much higher electrical conductivity than solid rock, and temperature is much more effective in enhancing melt electrical conductivity than that for aqueous fluid. Once the partial melting is triggered, the electrical conductivity of the water-saturated rock system may have remarkable increase if the hydrous melt is interconnected in the system. Accordingly, the abrupt change of electrical conductivity may mark the solidus temperature. In this study, we performed electrical conductivity measurement for the determination of water-saturated solidus of albite. We adopted albite as the starting material because its water-saturated solidus is well known, which can help to verify the accuracy our method, and its quenched products are not so controversial. The electrical conductivity measurements were carried out at four different pressures ranging from 0.35 GPa to 1.7 GPa in a 3/4″ piston cylinder apparatus with impedance spectroscopy. The obvious change of electrical conductivity was observed at solidus temperature within error, with increase of 1.8-0.18 log unit at 0.35-1.7 GPa. The results showed a stronger increase of conductivity at lower pressures, and fitted well with the water-saturated solidus of albite in literature. One defect of this method is the loss of water during experiment. The final water content in the system is about 1-2 wt%, comparing to the initial 10-15 wt% H<sub>2</sub>O. Nevertheless, the whole system is still water saturated, since water solubility in albite is fairly low. Therefore, if such a method can be improved to keep more water, it may be applied to other rocks to better constrain the water-saturated solidi in the future.</span></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Ammonia Removal Using Biotrickling Filters: Part A: Determination of the Ionic Nitrogen Concentration of Water Using Electrical Conductivity Measurement

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Éric Dumont ◽  
Solène Lagadec ◽  
Nadine Guingand ◽  
Laurence Loyon ◽  
Abdeltif Amrane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Ammonium Concentration ◽  
Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Biotrickling Filters ◽  
The Relationship

It is emphasized that a generalized relationship can be used to predict the ionic nitrogen concentration (i.e., sum of ammonium NH4+, nitrite NO2− and nitrate NO3−) of the scrubbing liquid in a biotrickling filter treating ammonia emissions by measuring the electrical conductivity (EC) of the water directly. From measurements carried out on different water samples from six biotrickling filters in operation in pig husbandries, the generalized relationship is: Σ([NH4+]+[NO2−]+[NO3−]) g N/L = 0.22 EC mS/cm. This equation is valid provided the fresh water feeding the biotrickling filter has a low electrical conductivity (<1 mS cm−1). Moreover, since ammonium, nitrite and nitrate ions are the ultra-majority ions in the liquid phase, the balance between NH4+ and (NO2− + NO3−) was confirmed, and consequently the relationship NH4+ = 0.11 EC mS/cm can also be applied to determine the ammonium concentration from the EC. As a result, EC measurement could be applied extensively to monitor operating biotrickling filters worldwide and used to determine ammonia mass transfer in real time, keeping in mind that the accuracy of the generalized relationship is ±20%.

scholarly journals Electrical Conductivity Measurement on Metallic Materials With a Cylindrical Resonator

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yunfeng Dong ◽  
Morten Stendahl Jellesen ◽  
Rune Juul Christiansen ◽  
Jesper Hovelskov ◽  
Jorgen Sundgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Cylindrical Resonator

Electrical Properties of Y0.06Sr0.94Ti0.6Fe0.4O3-δ-YSZ Composites as Electrode Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 327-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Shan ◽  
Xing Min Guo ◽  
Feng Rui Zhai ◽  
Zhong Zhou Yi
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Ionic Conductivities ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Transference Numbers ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Total Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Phase Compatibility

Y0.06Sr0.94Ti0.6Fe0.4O3-δ-YSZ composites were prepared by mixing Y, Fe co-doped SrTiO3 (Y0.06Sr0.94Ti0.6Fe0.4O3-δ known as YSTF) and 8 mol% Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) in different weight fractions. The phase stability, phase compatibility, microstructure and mixed ionic-electronic conductivity of composites were investigated. Phase analysis by XRD showed no clearly detectable secondary phases. The electrical conductivity measurement on the YSTF-YSZ composites showed a drastic decrease in total electrical and ionic conductivities when more than 10 wt% of YSZ was used in the composites. The total electrical conductivity was 0.102 S/cm for Y0.06Sr0.94Ti0.6Fe0.4O3-δ and 0.043 S/cm for YSTF-20YSZ at 700 oC, respectively. The value at 700 oC is approximately 2.4 times higher than that of YSTF-20YSZ. The ionic conductivity of Y0.06Sr0.94Ti0.8Fe0.2O3-δ varies from 0.015S/cm at 700 oC to 0.02 S/cm at 800 oC, respectively. The value at 800°C is approximately 12.5 times higher than YSTF-20YSZ. The ion transference numbers of YSTF-YSZ composites vary from 0.14 to 0.28 at 800 °C.

scholarly journals Noninvasive electrical conductivity measurement by MRI: a test of its validity and the electrical conductivity characteristics of glioma

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 348-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khin Khin Tha ◽  
Ulrich Katscher ◽  
Shigeru Yamaguchi ◽  
Christian Stehning ◽  
Shunsuke Terasaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Electrical Conductivity Measurement
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