Mn-Deficiency as the cause of marsh spot of pea seeds

1939 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Keyword(s):  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Marsh Spot ◽  
Pea Seeds

scholarly journals Evaluation of glassy frits as micronutrient fertilizers. II. Manganese frits.

1967 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
C.H. Henkens ◽  
K.W. Smilde
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Foliar Treatment ◽  
Marsh Spot ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Better Than

In pot and field tests MnSO4 and the frits FTE Z 4 (13 % Mn), HZ 1 (15.9 % Mn) and HZ 17 (21 % Mn) increased reducible soil Mn for at least 1 1/2-2 years. Mn content of pasture increased four-fold in the first cut after application of 400 kg/ha MnSO4 but sharply decreased in later cuts and became negligible by the second year. 400 kg/ha HZ 17 did not affect pasture Mn. In peas 400 kg of soil- or foliar applied MnSO4 controlled marsh spot better than 800 kg HZ 1; spraying at the middle and again at the end of the blooming stage gave the best control. With sugar beet, soil dressings of MnSO4, HZ 1 and HZ 17 equally increased yield, sugar production and leaf Mn, and decreased incidence of Mn deficiency. When the rates of these fertilizers were increased from 100, 179 and 86 kg respectively to 400, 714 and 343 kg, sugar production was not significantly improved; leaf Mn and incidence of deficiency symptoms responded to the higher Mn rates. Soil application was rather better than foliar treatment. No treatment controlled Mn deficiency throughout the entire season. The % of Mn-deficient plants was related, negatively, to leaf and reducible soil Mn, but not to yield. Soil-applied Mn did not control gray spot in oats or increase yields but sprayed Mn did. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Distribution of manganese in the pea seed in relation to marsh spot

1940 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Glasscock ◽  
R. L. Wain
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Necrotic Tissue ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Marsh Spot ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Healthy Sample ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Healthy Seed

1. An outline of recent investigations on the cause of marsh spot in pea seeds indicates that the disease is caused by a deficiency of available manganese in the soil.2. The symptoms of the disease are very briefly described.3. The methods of analysis used by the writers for determining the amounts of manganese in whole peas and in different parts of peas are described.4. As no loss of manganese was found to result from soaking the peas in water for 24 hr., soaked peas were used for dissection in preference to dry peas.5. Referring to the diseased peas, the highest level of manganese was found in the peripheral tissues of the cotyledons, followed by the germ and seed-coat. Only slight traces of manganese were found in the healthy and in the necrotic tissue from the centre of the cotyledons. All parts of the healthy seed were richer in manganese than the corresponding parts of the diseased sample. In addition, the order of distribution was different; notably in that the tissue from the centre of the cotyledon contained a higher level than the seed-coat, and the germ a higher level than the outer layers of the cotyledon.6. A given weight of small peas proved to contain less manganese than the same weight of large peas selected from the diseased sample. The reverse was found to be true for similar size groups selected from the healthy sample. These differences in the manganese content of size groups suggest that peas of uniform size should be selected for analysis when the relative manganese levels of different samples are to be tested.7. It is suggested that migration of cell contents from the necrotic tissue of diseased peas may partly account for the differences in manganese content of healthy and diseased peas.

scholarly journals The movement of manganese in the plant and the practical consequences.

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Henkens ◽  
E. Jongman
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Upward Movement ◽  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Marsh Spot

Movement of foliar applications of Mn was investigated. Mn applied to the leaf was translocated to other parts of the plant via the roots; in the leaf, upward movement predominated. Redistribution of Mn from the roots was insufficient to prevent Mn deficiency in the foliage formed after spraying; where the soil Mn supply was insufficient, repeated spraying was necessary. In wheat, oats and sugar-beet, spraying was best done as soon as Mn deficiency symptoms became evident, and again 4 weeks later. Control of marsh spot of peas was best achieved by spraying at mid-bloom and again just after flowering.-R.B. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Ubiquitination and ATP levels in garden pea seeds

1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Agustini ◽  
T. McIntosh ◽  
L. Malek
Keyword(s):  
Garden Pea ◽  
Atp Levels ◽  
Pea Seeds

The microbial community associated with pea seeds (Pisum sativum) of different geographical origins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentine Chartrel ◽  
Eric Dugat-Bony ◽  
Anne-Sophie Sarthou ◽  
Sophie Huchette ◽  
Pascal Bonnarme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Pea Seeds

scholarly journals Gene structure, protein structure, and regulation of the synthesis of a sulfur-rich protein in pea seeds.

1986 ◽  
Vol 261 (24) ◽  
pp. 11124-11130
Author(s):  
T J Higgins ◽  
P M Chandler ◽  
P J Randall ◽  
D Spencer ◽  
L R Beach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structure ◽  
Gene Structure ◽  
Pea Seeds

β-Amyrin Synthase1 Controls the Accumulation of the Major Saponins Present in Pea (Pisum sativum)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Vernoud ◽  
Ludivine Lebeigle ◽  
Jocelyn Munier ◽  
Julie Marais ◽  
Myriam Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Functional Protein ◽  
Saponin Biosynthesis ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Pea Seed

Abstract The use of pulses as ingredients for the production of food products rich in plant proteins is increasing. However, protein fractions prepared from pea or other pulses contain significant amounts of saponins, glycosylated triterpenes which can impart an undesirable bitter taste when used as an ingredient in foodstuffs. In this paper, we describe the identification and characterization of a gene involved in saponin biosynthesis during pea seed development, by screening mutants obtained from two Pisum sativum TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) populations in two different genetic backgrounds. The mutations studied are located in a gene designated PsBAS1 (β-amyrin synthase1) which is highly expressed in maturing pea seeds and which encodes a protein previously shown to correspond to an active β-amyrin synthase. The first allele is a nonsense mutation, while the second mutation is located in a splice site and gives rise to a mis-spliced transcript encoding a truncated, non-functional protein. The homozygous mutant seeds accumulated virtually no saponin without affecting seed nutritional or physiological quality. Interestingly, BAS1 appears to control saponin accumulation in all other tissues of the plant examined. These lines represent a first step in the development of pea varieties lacking bitterness off-flavours in their seeds. Our work also shows that TILLING populations in different genetic backgrounds represent valuable genetic resources for both crop improvement and functional genomics.

scholarly journals Inhibition of plant fatty acid synthesis by nitroimidazoles

1981 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
A V Jones ◽  
J L Harwood ◽  
M R Stratford ◽  
P K Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Reduction Potentials ◽  
Marked Inhibition ◽  
Mechanism Of Inhibition ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Electron Reduction

1. The effect of the addition of a number of nitroimidazoles was tested on fatty acid synthesis by germinating pea seeds, isolated lettuce chloroplasts and a soluble fraction from pea seeds. 2. All the compounds tested had a marked inhibition on stearate desaturation by lettuce chloroplasts and on the synthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids by pea seeds. 3. In contrast, the effect of the drugs on total fatty acid synthesis from [14C]acetate in chloroplasts was related to the compound's electron reduction potentials. 4. Of the compounds used, only metronidazole had a marked inhibition on palmitate elongation in the systems tested. 5. The mechanism of inhibition of plant fatty acid synthesis by nitroimidazoles is discussed and the possible relevance of these findings to their neurotoxicity is suggested.

Control of manganese deficiency in field peas grown for seed or human consumption

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
C. M. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Manganese Carbonate ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Manganese Deficiency ◽  
Early Application ◽  
Split Dose ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Marsh Spot

SUMMARYThe effect of foliar applications of different formulations of manganese on pea yield and ‘marsh spot’, a seed defect which reduces quality of peas (Pisum sativum) grown for human consumption or seed was evaluated in nine experiments in the East of England from 1992 to 1994. Sprays, at dose rates recommended by the manufacturer, were applied to field peas, cvs Maro or Bunting, on three occasions at the four node pea growth stage, first pod and 14 days later, or on two occasions at first pod stage and 14 days later. Although the sites selected had a previous history of marsh spot in pea crops, there were no visual foliar symptoms of manganese deficiency in peas grown in any year at any site. Applications of manganese did not increase yields compared with untreated peas and there was no effect on maturity. Marsh spot was negligible in untreated peas at sites where soils had the lowest levels of manganese (22 and 44 mg/kg), thus soil analysis for manganese may be inappropriate as a guide to prediction of marsh spot problems. The three spray programmes, which included an early application of manganese at the 4–5 node stage, gave no statistically significant improvements in marsh spot control. There was a good correlation between amounts of manganese applied and reductions in marsh spot, and manganese sulphate, 31% w/w at 3·1 kg/ha applied as a split dose, achieved the best control. An exception was the manganese carbonate 50% w/v formulation which may have been poorly assimilated by the plant. Chelated manganese as MnEDTA 6·4% w/v at the rates recommended by the manufacturer was inadequate for control of marsh spot in all years.

scholarly journals Combined Metabolomic and Genetic Approaches Reveal a Link between the Polyamine Pathway and Albumin 2 in Developing Pea Seeds

2007 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Vigeolas ◽  
Catherine Chinoy ◽  
Ellen Zuther ◽  
Bernard Blessington ◽  
Peter Geigenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pea Seeds
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