Effect of grain refinement on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 4340M

1973 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 392-394
Author(s):  
Donald Webster
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

scholarly journals Influence of Combined Grain Refinement and Modification on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-12Si, Al-12Si-4.5Cu Alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1368-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G. Shivaprasad ◽  
S. Narendranath ◽  
Vijay Desai ◽  
Sujeeth Swami ◽  
M.S. Ganesha Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

scholarly journals Influence of Vanadium on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Medium-Carbon Steels for Wheels

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Zhaodong Li ◽  
Guobiao Lin ◽  
Shitong Zhou ◽  
Caifu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Precipitation Strengthening ◽  
Austenite Grain Size ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Medium Carbon Steels ◽  
The Impact

Steels used for high-speed train wheels require a combination of high strength, toughness, and wear resistance. In 0.54% C-0.9% Si wheel steel, the addition of 0.075 or 0.12 wt % V can refine grains and increase the ferrite content and toughness, although the influence on the microstructure and toughness is complex and poorly understood. We investigated the effect of 0.03, 0.12, and 0.23 wt % V on the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-carbon steels (0.54% C-0.9% Si) for train wheels. As the V content increased, the precipitation strengthening increased, whereas the grain refinement initially increased, and then it remained unchanged. The increase in strength and hardness was mainly due to V(C,N) precipitation strengthening. Increasing the V content to 0.12 wt % refined the austenite grain size and pearlite block size, and increased the density of high-angle ferrite boundaries and ferrite volume fraction. The grain refinement improved the impact toughness. However, the impact toughness then reduced as the V content was increased to 0.23 wt %, because grain refinement did not further increase, whereas precipitation strengthening and ferrite hardening occurred.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Mg-Al-Ca Based Alloys

2005 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Shi Chen ◽  
Jean Jacques Blandin ◽  
Michel Suéry ◽  
En Hou Han
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Az91 Alloy ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ca Addition

Mechanical properties and microstructure of extruded AZ91(-Ca) alloys have been studied in this paper. The results showed that Ca has no significant effect on reducing grain size of the extruded AZ91 alloy. The ambient temperature tensile tests showed that the ultimate and yield strength of extruded AZ91 alloy decreased by addition of Ca. At elevated temperature, Ca addition improves the yield strength of both AZ91 alloy. The variations in microstructure and mechanical properties of the AZ91 alloy are also discussed in terms of the effects of Ca on grain refinement and formation of constituent phases.

Influence of number of ECAP passes on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bryła ◽  
J. Dutkiewicz ◽  
L. Litynska-Dobrzynska ◽  
L.L. Rokhlin ◽  
P. Kurtyka
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Az31 Alloy ◽  
Az31 Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron

The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of the number of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) passes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy. The microstructure after two and four passes of ECAP at 423 and 523 K was investigated by means of optical and transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were carried out using Vickers microhardness measurements and compression test. The grain refinement in AZ31 alloy was obtained using ECAP routes down to 1,5 μm at 423 K. Processes of dynamic recrystallization during ECAP were observed. It was found that a gradual decrease of grain size occurs with the increasing of number of ECAP passes. The grain refinement increases mechanical properties at ambient temperature, such as Vickers microhardness and compression strength proportionally to d-0.5.

Effect of La-Rich Misch Metal on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of As-Extruded Mg-14Li-3Al Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Jing Huai Zhang ◽  
Zhong Yi Niu ◽  
Jun Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Vacuum Melting ◽  
Melting Method ◽  
Misch Metal ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

The as-cast Mg-14Li-3Al-(0-0.9)RE alloys were prepared with vacuum melting method, then processed by hot extrusion. The microstructure and tensile properties were investigated. The results show that both addition of RE and extrusion deformation can refine the grain size. Al3La compounds are formed with addition of La-rich misch metal. The as-extruded Mg-14Li-3Al-0.6RE alloy obtains the finest grain size (4.28 μm) and the highest mechanical properties (σb=222.75 MPa, δ=23.8%), which is related to the grain refinement and the formation of Al3La.

scholarly journals Effect of Processing Route on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Single-Roll Angular-Rolling

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2471
Author(s):  
Hak Hyeon Lee ◽  
Kyo Jun Hwang ◽  
Hyung Keun Park ◽  
Hyoung Seop Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Strain Partitioning ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Number Of Passes

This paper reports the effect of the processing route on the microstructure and mechanical properties in the pure copper sheets processed by single-roll angular-rolling (SRAR). The SRAR process was repeated up to six passes in two processing routes, called routes A and C in equal-channel angular pressing. As the number of passes increased, the heterogeneous evolution of hardness and microstructural heterogeneities between the core and surface regions gradually became intensified in both processing routes. In particular, route A exhibited more prominent partial grain refinement and dislocation localization on the core region than route C. The finite element analysis revealed that the intense microstructural heterogeneities observed in route A were attributed to effective shear strain partitioning between the core and surface regions by the absence of redundant strain. On the other hand, route C induced reverse shearing and cancellation of shear strain over the entire thickness, leading to weak shear strain partitioning and delayed grain refinement. Ultimately, this work suggests that route A is the preferred option to manufacture reverse gradient structures in that the degree of shear strain partitioning and microstructural heterogeneity between the core and surface regions is more efficiently intensified with increasing the number of passes.

Grain Refinement and Mechanism of Carbon Inoculation in Mg-Al Magnesium Alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Hui Wang ◽  
Xiao Long Zhang ◽  
Shu Bo Li ◽  
Ke Liu ◽  
Wen Bo Du
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Refinement Process ◽  
Carbon Inoculation

Grain refinement is important for improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys. Carbon inoculation is an effective method of grain refinement process for magnesium alloys containing aluminum. In this paper, the C2Cl6 and graphite powder were used as the potential grain refiners for AM60 and AZ91 alloys, respectively. The results show that the microstructure and mechanical properties of these Mg-Al magnesium alloys have been improved with these grain refiners. The mechanism and thermodynamics analyses of grain refinement with carbon inoculation in Mg-Al magnesium alloy have been discussed.

Effect of Sr on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-9Li-3Al Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yang ◽  
Xiao Dong Peng ◽  
Wei Dong Xie ◽  
Qun Yi Wei ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Argon Atmosphere ◽  
Optimum Combination ◽  
Vacuum Furnace ◽  
Refining Effect ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

Mg-9Li-3Al-xSr alloys were prepared in vacuum furnace under the protection of argon atmosphere. Effects of Sr content on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-9Li-3Al alloys were investigated. The results indicate that α-Mg and β-Li phases exist in all alloys. The addition of Sr causes grain refinement of the test alloys and new Al4Sr phase is formed in the alloys. The mechanical properties of alloys initially increase and then decrease with the increase of Sr content. Sr has obvious refining effect on the alloys and the distribution of Al4Sr phase is much more uniformly when Sr content is 2.5wt%,. The as-cast Mg-9Li-3Al-2.5Sr alloy exhibits an optimum combination of mechanical properties with the ultimate strength, yield strength and elongation of 186MPa, 149MPa and 11% respectively, improving obviously compared with Mg-9Li-3Al alloy. With the continuing increase of Sr content, the mechanical properties of the test alloys decrease.

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