In vitro models of differentiated sertoli cell structure and function

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Hadley ◽  
Stephen W. Byers ◽  
Carlos A. Suárez-Quian ◽  
daniel Djakiew ◽  
Martin Dym
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

Hemodynamic Shear Stress And Endothelial Cell Function: In Vitro Studies

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Gimbrone ◽  
C F Dewey ◽  
P F Davies ◽  
S R Bussolari
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cellular Migration ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function ◽  
And Function

The vascular endothelial lining in vivo is constantly subjected to hemodynamic shear stresses resulting from normal and altered patterns of blood flow. To facilitate the study of effects of fluid shear stress on endothelial cell structure and function, we have developed an in vitro system, utilizing a cone-plate apparatus, to subject coverslip cultures of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) to controlled levels of shear (up to 102 dynes/cm2) in either laminar or turbulent flow. The magnitude and direction of shear stress within the system are accurately known from both theory and experimental measurements. The data reported here are for laminar flow. Subconfluent BAEC cultures continuously exposed to 1-5 dynes/cm2 shear proliferated at a rate comparable to that of static cultures, and postconfluent monolayers appeared unaltered morphologically for up to 1 week. In contrast, BAEC cultures (both postconfluent and subconfluent) exposed to 8 dynes/cm2 developed dramatic, time-dependent morphological changes. By 48 hrs, cells uniformly assumed an ellipsoidal configuration, with their major axes aligned in the direction of flow. Exposure to >10 dynes/cm2 caused variable cell detachment from plain glass substrates. Cellular migration into linear “wounds”, created in confluent areas, was influenced by both the direction and amplitude of applied shear. Exposure to 8 dynes/ cm2 induced functional alterations, including increased fluid (bulk phase) endocytosis, prostaglandin production and platelet reactivity. These observations indicate that fluid mechanical forces can directly influence endothelial cell structure and function. Hemodynamic modulation of endothelial cell behavior may be relevant to normal vessel wall physiology, as well as the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and thrombosis.

scholarly journals Disruption of Spermatogenesis and Sertoli Cell Structure and Function by the Indenopyridine CDB-4022 in Rats1

2001 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1771-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheri Ann Hild ◽  
Jerry R. Reel ◽  
Janice M. Larner ◽  
Richard P. Blye
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Biomimetic human small muscular pulmonary arteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (13) ◽  
pp. eaaz2598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianru Jin ◽  
Anil Bhatta ◽  
Jayson V. Pagaduan ◽  
Xing Chen ◽  
Hoku West-Foyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Spatial Positioning ◽  
And Function

Changes in structure and function of small muscular arteries play a major role in the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension, a burgeoning public health challenge. Improved anatomically mimetic in vitro models of these microvessels are urgently needed because nonhuman vessels and previous models do not accurately recapitulate the microenvironment and architecture of the human microvascular wall. Here, we describe parallel biofabrication of photopatterned self-rolled biomimetic pulmonary arterial microvessels of tunable size and infrastructure. These microvessels feature anatomically accurate layering and patterning of aligned human smooth muscle cells, extracellular matrix, and endothelial cells and exhibit notable increases in endothelial longevity and nitric oxide production. Computational image processing yielded high-resolution 3D perspectives of cells and proteins. Our studies provide a new paradigm for engineering multicellular tissues with precise 3D spatial positioning of multiple constituents in planar moieties, providing a biomimetic platform for investigation of microvascular pathobiology in human disease.

scholarly journals Sertoli cell structure and function in anamniote vertebrates

2015 ◽  
pp. 385-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz R. França ◽  
Rafael H. Nóbrega ◽  
Roberto D.V.S. Morais ◽  
Luiz H. De Castro Assis ◽  
Rüdiger W. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

Changes in Sertoli Cell Structure and Function

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-132
Author(s):  
David M. de Kretser ◽  
Gail P. Risbridger
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals In Vitro Models to Study Human Lung Development, Disease and Homeostasis

Physiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa J. Miller ◽  
Jason R. Spence
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Lung Development ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Human Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
And Function

The main function of the lung is to support gas exchange, and defects in lung development or diseases affecting the structure and function of the lung can have fatal consequences. Most of what we currently understand about human lung development and disease has come from animal models. However, animal models are not always fully able to recapitulate human lung development and disease, highlighting an area where in vitro models of the human lung can compliment animal models to further understanding of critical developmental and pathological mechanisms. This review will discuss current advances in generating in vitro human lung models using primary human tissue, cell lines, and human pluripotent stem cell derived lung tissue, and will discuss crucial next steps in the field.

Microtubule-dependent subcellular organisation of pluripotent cells

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azelle Hawdon ◽  
Asma Aberkane ◽  
Jennifer Zenker
Keyword(s):  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Pluripotent Cells ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Intracellular Movement ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACT With the advancement of cutting-edge live imaging technologies, microtubule remodelling has evolved as an integral regulator for the establishment of distinct differentiated cells. However, despite their fundamental role in cell structure and function, microtubules have received less attention when unravelling the regulatory circuitry of pluripotency. Here, we summarise the role of microtubule organisation and microtubule-dependent events required for the formation of pluripotent cells in vivo by deciphering the process of early embryogenesis: from fertilisation to blastocyst. Furthermore, we highlight current advances in elucidating the significance of specific microtubule arrays in in vitro culture systems of pluripotent stem cells and how the microtubule cytoskeleton serves as a highway for the precise intracellular movement of organelles. This Review provides an informed understanding of the intrinsic role of subcellular architecture of pluripotent cells and accentuates their regenerative potential in combination with innovative light-inducible microtubule techniques.

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