Prospects and problems in the large scale production of metabolites from plant cell tissue cultures

The literature on female labour in Third World countries has become quite extensive. India, being comparatively more advanced industrially, and in view of its size and population, presents a pictures of multiplicity of problems which face the female labour market. However, the author has also included Mexico in this analytical study. It is interesting to see the characteristics of developing industrialisation in two different societies: the Indian society, which is conservative, and the Mexican society, which is progressive. In the first chapter of the book, the author explains that he is not concerned with the process of industrialisation and female labour employed at different levels of work, but that he is interested in forms of production and women's employment in large-scale production, petty commodity production, marginal small production, and self-employment in the informal sector. It is only by analysis of these forms that the picture of females having a lower status is understood in its social and political setting.

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Large-Scale Production of Pottery at Gordion : Comparison of the Late Bronze and Early Phrygian Industries.

Paléorient ◽

10.3406/paleo.1996.4627 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 67-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Robert C. Henrickson ◽

M. J. Blackman

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Scale Production ◽

Large Scale Production

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An Efficient and Improved Process for the Synthesis of Itopride Hydrochloride and Trimethobenzamide Hydrochloride

Current Organic Synthesis ◽

10.2174/1570179415666180403115032 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 572-575 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ponnusamy Kannan ◽

Samuel I.D. Presley ◽

Pallikondaperumal Shanmugasundaram ◽

Nagapillai Prakash ◽

Deivanayagam Easwaramoorthy

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride ◽

Scale Production ◽

One Pot ◽

Hydrochloride Salt ◽

Environmental Friendly ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

Non Ulcer Dyspepsia ◽

Itopride Hydrochloride ◽

Yield And Purity

Aim and Objective: Itopride is a prokinetic agent used for treating conditions like non-ulcer dyspepsia. Itopride is administered as its hydrochloride salt. Trimethobenzamide is used for treating nausea and vomiting and administered as its hydrochloride salt. The aim is to develop a novel and environmental friendly method for large-scale production of itopride and trimethobenzamide. Materials and Methods: Itopride and trimethobenzamide can be prepared from a common intermediate 4- (dimethylaminoethoxy) benzyl amine. The intermediate is prepared from one pot synthesis using Phyrdroxybenzaldehye and zinc dust and further reaction of the intermediate with substituted methoxy benzoic acid along with boric acid and PEG gives itopride and trimethobenzamide. Results: The intermediate 4-(dimethylaminoethoxy) benzylamine is prepared by treating p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride. The aldehyde formed is treated with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The intermediate is confirmed by NMR and the purity is analysed by HPLC. Conclusion: Both itopride and trimethobenzamide were successfully synthesized by this method. The developed method is environmental friendly, economical for large-scale production with good yield and purity.

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Cyanobacteria—From the Oceans to the Potential Biotechnological and Biomedical Applications

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19050241 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 241

Author(s):

Shaden A. M. Khalifa ◽

Eslam S. Shedid ◽

Essa M. Saied ◽

Amir Reza Jassbi ◽

Fatemeh H. Jamebozorgi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Large Scale ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Scale Production ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

Marine Products ◽

Hiv 1 ◽

Successful Phase

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms which represent a significant source of novel, bioactive, secondary metabolites, and they are also considered an abundant source of bioactive compounds/drugs, such as dolastatin, cryptophycin 1, curacin toyocamycin, phytoalexin, cyanovirin-N and phycocyanin. Some of these compounds have displayed promising results in successful Phase I, II, III and IV clinical trials. Additionally, the cyanobacterial compounds applied to medical research have demonstrated an exciting future with great potential to be developed into new medicines. Most of these compounds have exhibited strong pharmacological activities, including neurotoxicity, cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against HCMV, HSV-1, HHV-6 and HIV-1, so these metabolites could be promising candidates for COVID-19 treatment. Therefore, the effective large-scale production of natural marine products through synthesis is important for resolving the existing issues associated with chemical isolation, including small yields, and may be necessary to better investigate their biological activities. Herein, we highlight the total synthesized and stereochemical determinations of the cyanobacterial bioactive compounds. Furthermore, this review primarily focuses on the biotechnological applications of cyanobacteria, including applications as cosmetics, food supplements, and the nanobiotechnological applications of cyanobacterial bioactive compounds in potential medicinal applications for various human diseases are discussed.

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A Review on Additive Manufacturing Possibilities for Electrical Machines

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14071940 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 1940

Author(s):

Muhammad Usman Naseer ◽

Ants Kallaste ◽

Bilal Asad ◽

Toomas Vaimann ◽

Anton Rassõlkin

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Large Scale ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Electrical Machines ◽

Electromagnetic Properties ◽

Scale Production ◽

Performance Parameters ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

One Step ◽

Manufacturing Techniques

This paper presents current research trends and prospects of utilizing additive manufacturing (AM) techniques to manufacture electrical machines. Modern-day machine applications require extraordinary performance parameters such as high power-density, integrated functionalities, improved thermal, mechanical & electromagnetic properties. AM offers a higher degree of design flexibility to achieve these performance parameters, which is impossible to realize through conventional manufacturing techniques. AM has a lot to offer in every aspect of machine fabrication, such that from size/weight reduction to the realization of complex geometric designs. However, some practical limitations of existing AM techniques restrict their utilization in large scale production industry. The introduction of three-dimensional asymmetry in machine design is an aspect that can be exploited most with the prevalent level of research in AM. In order to take one step further towards the enablement of large-scale production of AM-built electrical machines, this paper also discusses some machine types which can best utilize existing developments in the field of AM.

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Stabilized Hydroxide-Mediated Nickel-Based Electrocatalysts for High-Current-Density Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Media

Energy & Environmental Science ◽

10.1039/d1ee01487k ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuting Luo ◽

Zhiyuan Zhang ◽

Fengning Yang ◽

Jiong Li ◽

Zhibo Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Splitting ◽

Large Scale ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

High Current Density ◽

Critical Energy ◽

Alkaline Media ◽

Scale Production ◽

High Current ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

Electrochemical Water Splitting

Large-scale production of green hydrogen by electrochemical water splitting is considered as a promising technology to address critical energy challenges caused by the extensive use of fossil fuels. Although nonprecious...

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