A new concept for the evaluation of the blood glucose and insulin responses of healthy subjects following an oral glucose load

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Szabo ◽  
Werner Oppermann ◽  
Rafael A. Camerini-Dávalos ◽  
Carl Victor
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Insulin Responses

scholarly journals Evaluation of role of concentration and molecular weight of oat β-glucan in determining effect of viscosity on plasma glucose and insulin following an oral glucose load

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Wood ◽  
M. U. Beer ◽  
G. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Insulin Responses

Data from clinical studies established that there was an inverse linear relationship between measures of postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses to an oral glucose load, consumed in a drink, and the logarithm of viscosity of the drink. These data have been re-analysed using concentration and molecular weight as the dependent variables. Molecular weight (M) of the β-glucans used was determined using high-performance size exclusion chromatography equipped with a triple detector system of right angle light scattering, viscometry and refractive index. A significant relationship between changes in peak blood glucose and a combination of logarithm of the concentration and logarithm of M was found.

The disposal of an oral glucose load in healthy subjects. A quantitative study

Diabetes ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ferrannini ◽  
O. Bjorkman ◽  
G. A. Reichard ◽  
A. Pilo ◽  
M. Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load

Growth hormone nadir during oral glucose load depends on waist circumference, gender and age: normative data in 231 healthy subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamaria Colao ◽  
Rosario Pivonello ◽  
Renata S. Auriemma ◽  
Ludovica F. S. Grasso ◽  
Mariano Galdiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Gender And Age

scholarly journals Glucose tolerance and insulin responsiveness in Gitelman syndrome patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Yuan ◽  
Lanping Jiang ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Xiaoyan Peng ◽  
Min Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load

Objective Impaired glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity have been reported in patients with Gitelman syndrome (GS), but insulin secretion and the related mechanisms are not well understood. Design and methods The serum glucose levels, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity were evaluated in patients with GS (n = 28), patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy individuals (n = 20 in both groups) using an oral glucose tolerance test. Serum and urine sodium, potassium and creatinine levels were measured at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min after an oral glucose load was administered. Results The areas under the serum glucose curves were higher in the GS patients than those in the healthy controls (17.4 ± 5.1 mmol·h/L vs 14.5 ± 2.8 mmol·h/L, P = 0.02) but lower than those in the DM patients (24.8 ± 5.3 mmol·h/L, P < 0.001). The areas under the serum insulin curves and the insulin secretion indexes in GS patients were higher than those in DM patients and lower than those in healthy subjects. The insulin secretion-sensitivity index of GS patients was between that of healthy subjects and DM patients, but the insulin sensitivity indices were not different among the three groups. After one hour of glucose administration, the serum potassium level significantly decreased from baseline, and the urinary potassium-to-creatinine ratio increased gradually and peaked at 2 h. Conclusions Glucose metabolism and insulin secretion were impaired in GS patients, but insulin sensitivity was comparable between GS patients and patients with type 2 DM. After administration of an oral glucose load, the plasma potassium level decreased in GS patients due to the increased excretion of potassium in the urine.

The Disposal of an Oral Glucose Load in Healthy Subjects: A Quantitative Study

Diabetes ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ferrannini ◽  
O. Bjorkman ◽  
G. A. Reichard ◽  
A. Pilo ◽  
M. Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load

The Effect of Starvation and Diabetes on Glycolytic Enzymes in Human Adipose Tissue

1971 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Galton ◽  
J. P. D. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
And Control

1. The activities of hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) and phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11) have been studied in homogenates of adipose tissue taken from human diabetics, fasting and control patients. 2. Three isoenzymes of hexokinase were observed with apparent Km values for glucose of 1.04 × 10-5 m, 2.6 × 10-4 m and 2.9 × 10-4 m, respectively. 3. No change in activity of hexokinase was found in adipose tissue of untreated diabetics (n = 22), treated diabetics (n = 13) or non-diabetic controls. However, fasting was associated with a decrease of approx. 40% in the activity of hexokinase in adipose tissue. 4. In contrast, there was a marked decrease in the activity of phosphofructokinase in adipose tissue from untreated diabetics (n = 24) which was restored to normal by either insulin therapy or treatment by hypoglycaemic drugs. 5. There was a negative correlation between the phosphofructokinase/hexokinase ratio in adipose tissue and the fasting blood glucose (P = 0.01) and the 2 h blood glucose (P = 0.03) after an oral glucose load (50 g). 6. The functional significance of the changes in enzyme activities is discussed in relation to the glucose intolerance of diabetes.

Effect of hyperglycaemia on glucose concentration of human nasal secretions

2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. WOOD ◽  
Amanda L. BRENNAN ◽  
Barbara J. PHILIPS ◽  
Emma H. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Nasal Secretions ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations ◽  
Glucose Threshold

Glucose is not detectable in airways secretions of normoglycaemic volunteers, but is present at 1–9 mmol·l-1 in airways secretions from people with hyperglycaemia. These observations suggest the existence of a blood glucose threshold at which glucose appears in airways secretions, similar to that seen in renal and salivary epithelia. In the present study we determined the blood glucose threshold at which glucose appears in nasal secretions. Blood glucose concentrations were raised in healthy human volunteers by 20% dextrose intravenous infusion or 75 g oral glucose load. Nasal glucose concentrations were measured using modified glucose oxidase sticks as blood glucose concentrations were raised. Glucose appeared rapidly in nasal secretions once blood glucose was clamped at approx. 12 mmol·l-1 (n=6). On removal of the clamp, nasal glucose fell to baseline levels in parallel with blood glucose concentrations. An airway glucose threshold of 6.7–9.7 mmol·l-1 was identified (n=12). In six subjects with normal glucose tolerance, blood glucose concentrations rose above the airways threshold and nasal glucose became detectable following an oral glucose load. The presence of an airway glucose threshold suggests that active glucose transport by airway epithelial cells normally maintains low glucose concentrations in airways secretions. Blood glucose exceeds the airway threshold after a glucose load even in people with normal glucose tolerance, so it is likely that people with diabetes or hyperglycaemia spend a significant proportion of each day with glucose in their airways secretions.

scholarly journals Physical Exercise and Glucose Tolerance in Nigerian University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-438
Author(s):  
EO Taiwo ◽  
LO Thanni
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
The Mean

Background: Studying post-prandial fluctuations in blood glucose has high physiological and clinical relevance. Physical exercise is known to influence this fluctuation. Objectives: To determine the gender difference in glucose tolerance following physical exercise in a population of university students. Methods: A total of 146 students were randomly selected from the Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Ogun State, southwest Nigeria. Following overnight fast, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was carried out. Pre-exercise, fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured at 0 mins, and after oral glucose load of 75 grams at 30 minutes intervals for 2 hours. The physical exercise involved cycling using a bicycle ergometer for an hour. Thereafter, OGTT was conducted again 1 hour post-exercise. Results: The ages of the subjects ranged from 20 years to 49 years. There were 73 (50.0%) females. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of 23.5±1.1 kg/m2 for females was comparable to 22.8±0.3 kg/m2 for the males (p = 0.571). Seven (9.6%) females were obese compared to 2 (2.7%) males. The mean post-prandial blood glucose increased from 71.6±1.6 mg/dl to 90.8±1.8 mg/dl after oral glucose load and thereafter to 88.0±4.2 mg/dl at 120 minutes among males. The post-exercise blood glucose patterns included a significant reduction in the mean FBS for males compared to females (64.5±1.9 mg/dl vs. 71.7±1.9 mg/dl; p = 0.001) Conclusions: Glucose tolerance with exercise is better in females than males. The clinical importance of physical exercise lies in its effect on glucose tolerance.

Reduction of hyperglycemia after oral glucose load by the new α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist SL 84.0418 in healthy subjects

1994 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Berlin ◽  
Pierre Rosenzweig ◽  
Stephan Chalon ◽  
Eliane Fuseau ◽  
Catherine Landault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load
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