The metabolism of organic carbon compounds in hyphomicrobia: pathway of carbon assimilation during growth on methanol

1973 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 358-358
Author(s):  
W. Harder ◽  
Margaret M. Attwood
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Carbon Compounds

scholarly journals Quantification of DOC concentrations in relation with soil properties of soils in tundra and taiga of Northern European Russia

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 3189-3226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Oosterwoud ◽  
E. J. M. Temminghoff ◽  
S. E. A. T. M. van der Zee
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Mineral Solubility ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Doc Concentration ◽  
Chemical Modelling ◽  
Northern European Russia

Abstract. Potential mobilization and transport of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) in subarctic river basins towards the oceans is enormous, because 23–48% of the worlds Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) is stored in northern regions. As climate changes, the amount and composition of DOC exported from these basins are expected to change. The transfer of organic carbon between soils and rivers results in fractionation of organic carbon compounds. The aim of this research is to determine the DOC concentrations, its fractions, i.e. humic (HA), fulvic (FA), and hydrophilic (HY) acids, and soil characteristics that influence the DOC sorptive properties of different soil types within a tundra and taiga catchment of Northern European Russia. DOC in taiga and tundra soil profiles (soil solution) consisted only of HY and FA, where HY became more abundant with increasing depth. Adsorption of DOC on mineral phases is the key geochemical process for release and removal of DOC from potentially soluble carbon pool. We found that adsorbed organic carbon may desorb easily and can release DOC quickly, without being dependent on mineralization and degradation. Although Extractable Organic Carbon (EOC) comprise only a small part of SOC, it is a significant buffering pool for DOC. We found that about 80–90% of released EOC was previously adsorbed. Fractionation of EOC is also influenced by the fact that predominantly HA and FA adsorbed to soil and therefore also are the main compounds released when desorbed. Flowpaths vary between taiga and tundra and through seasons, which likely affects DOC concentration found in streams. As climate changes, also flowpaths of water through soils may change, especially in tundra caused by thawing soils. Therefore, adsorptive properties of thawing soils exert a major control on DOC leaching to rivers. To better understand the process of DOC ad- and de-sorption in soils, process based soil chemical modelling, which could bring more insight in solution speciation, mineral solubility, and adsorption reactions, is appropriate.

Nitrogen recycling or nitrogen conservation in an alga-invertebrate symbiosis?

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (16) ◽  
pp. 2445-2453 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Wang ◽  
AE Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Ammonium Assimilation ◽  
Ammonium Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Recycling ◽  
Symbiotic Algae ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Ammonium Production ◽  
Nitrogen Conservation

When corals and allied animals are deprived of their symbiotic algae, the ammonium content in their tissues rises. This is commonly interpreted as evidence for nitrogen recycling (i.e. algal assimilation of animal waste ammonium into amino acids that are released back to the animal), but it can also be explained as nitrogen conservation by the animal (i.e. reduced net ammonium production in response to the receipt of algal photosynthetic carbon). This study discriminated between these interpretations in two ways. First, the increased ammonium concentration in the sea anemone Aiptasia pulchella, caused by darkness or depletion of the alga Symbiodinium, was partially or completely reversed by supplementing the medium with organic carbon compounds (e.g. <IMG src="/images/symbols/&agr ;.gif" WIDTH="9" HEIGHT="12" ALIGN= "BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3">-ketoglutarate). Second, the activity of the ammonium-assimilating enzyme glutamine synthetase and the concentration of protein amino acids in the free amino acid pool of the animal, which were depressed by darkness and algal depletion, were restored by exogenous carbon compounds. It is concluded that organic carbon, whether derived from algal photosynthate or exogenously, promotes the animal's capacity for ammonium assimilation and reduces ammonium production from amino acid degradation. These processes contribute to nitrogen conservation in the animal, but they confound the interpretation of various studies on nitrogen recycling by symbiotic algae.

Recovery of energy from sludge – comparison of the various options

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.H. Rulkens ◽  
J.D. Bien
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Innovative Treatment ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Carbon Compounds

This paper gives a general discussion of existing sludge treatment processes and of innovative treatment options, especially focused on the valuable use of organic carbon compounds as an energy source. Attention is paid both to high and to low temperature processes and to combinations of these processes. Based on an assessment and comparison the most beneficial and sustainable options are identified and a rough indication is given of the possibilities for improvement and future developments.

Structuring of bacterioplankton communities by specific dissolved organic carbon compounds

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2361-2378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Gómez-Consarnau ◽  
Markus V. Lindh ◽  
Josep M. Gasol ◽  
Jarone Pinhassi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Bacterioplankton Communities

The hydrochemistry of peatland lakes as a result of the morphological characteristics of their basins

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Banaś
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Water Colour ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Oligotrophic Water ◽  
Basin Morphology ◽  
Chemical Water

AbstractThe physico-chemical water characteristics and basin morphology of 10 well-preserved Pomeranian peatland lakes were examined. These are acidic (pH 3.95–5.99), softwater (1.5 ±0.9 mg Ca dm−3), and oligotrophic water bodies. Their hydrochemical conditions differentiate them into two groups: poor (3.04 ±2.77 mg C dm−3) and rich (10.36 ±7.27 mg C dm−3) in organic carbon compounds. They differ in water colour (p = 0.02), humic acid concentration (p<0.001), redox potential (p = 0.007), and irradiance (PAR; p = 0.03).The hydrochemistry of the lakes is determined by their basin morphology, which affects the water colour and the concentrations of humic acids and organic carbon compounds.

scholarly journals CALCIUM OXALATE RADIOCARBON DATING: PRELIMINARY TESTS TO DATE ROCK ART OF THE DECORATED OPEN-AIR CAVES, ERONGO MOUNTAINS, NAMIBIA

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jean-Pascal Dumoulin ◽  
Matthieu Lebon ◽  
Ingrid Caffy ◽  
Guilhem Mauran ◽  
Alma Nankela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Targeted Sampling ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
First Results ◽  
Two Phases

ABSTRACT The direct dating of rock paintings is not always possible due to the lack of organic carbon compounds in pigments, or because sampling from a heritage site is often restricted. To overcome these limitations, dating laboratories have to develop new approaches. In this study, we consider sampling calcium oxalate crusts covering the painted artworks as a way to indirectly date the rock art. This stratigraphic approach includes isolating and extracting pure oxalate from the crusts. The approach was tested on natural bulk accretions collected in the open-air sites of Erongo Mountains in Namibia. The accretions were separated into two phases (pure oxalate and the remaining residues) with a special pretreatment. This process removes carbonates through acidification (HCl 6N) and dissolves the oxalate into the supernatant, leaving the minerals and windblown organic compounds in the residue. The efficiency of the separation was checked on the two phases by FTIR analyses and by 14C dating and showed that pure oxalate powders were indeed obtained. AMS radiocarbon results of various accretions on the same art panels provided ages from modern periods to 2410 ± 35 BP. From these first results, more targeted sampling campaigns can be considered to provide a terminus ante quem for the rock art.

Analysis of rainwater dissolved organic carbon compounds using fluorescence spectrophotometry

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (34) ◽  
pp. 8036-8045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine L. Muller ◽  
Andy Baker ◽  
Robert Hutchinson ◽  
Ian J. Fairchild ◽  
Chris Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrophotometry ◽  
Carbon Compounds

scholarly journals Cooperative dissolved organic carbon assimilation by a linuron-degrading bacterial consortium

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Horemans ◽  
Johanna Vandermaesen ◽  
Erik Smolders ◽  
Dirk Springael
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Bacterial Consortium

scholarly journals Assessment oflux-markedPseudomonas fluorescensfor reporting on organic carbon compounds

1999 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catrin V Yeomans ◽  
Fiona Porteous ◽  
Eric Paterson ◽  
Andrew A Meharg ◽  
Kenneth Killham
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Compounds
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