scholarly journals Dispersal patterns in Costa Rican mantled howling monkeys

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Glander
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rican ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Howling Monkeys

scholarly journals Dispersal limitation in epiphytic bromeliad communities in a Costa Rican fragmented montane landscape

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Cascante-Marín ◽  
Noemi von Meijenfeldt ◽  
Hanneke M. H. de Leeuw ◽  
Jan H. D. Wolf ◽  
J. Gerard B. Oostermeijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Epiphytic Plant ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Epiphytic Bromeliads

Abstract:Transformation of tropical forests is likely to affect seed-dispersal patterns and influence the composition of epiphytic plant communities in human-altered habitats. We tested this hypothesis by carrying out a comparative study of seed influx, survival and growth of transplanted seedlings of epiphytic bromeliads among isolated trees in six pasture areas, six forest edges and six forest sites in a montane area in Costa Rica. In total, 72 traps trapped 1285 seeds over a 2-mo period in the dry season of 2003. For all four investigated bromeliad genera, Catopsis, Guzmania, Tillandsia and Werauhia, the number of trapped seeds in each habitat followed a pattern similar to the number of fruiting individuals in the vicinity of the traps. Traps in forest edges (30) were 1.9 times more likely to collect seeds than traps at forest interiors (30) and pasture trees (12), the latter showing similar probabilities of catching seeds. After 1 y, survival and growth of 3660 transplanted seedlings from three bromeliad species was significantly higher in forest interiors, providing no explanation for the lower abundance of fruiting adults in that habitat. These results suggest that the successful establishment of epiphytic bromeliads in forest interiors is mainly dispersal-limited. If corroborated, differences in abundance among species at each habitat are likely related to differences in growth rates and reproductive success. Further studies on the growth and mortality of seedlings up to the flowering stage, however, are needed.

scholarly journals Mechanical Defenses in Leaves Eaten by Costa Rican Howling Monkeys (Alouatta palliata)

2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Teaford ◽  
P.W. Lucas ◽  
P.S. Ungar ◽  
K.E. Glander
Keyword(s):  
Alouatta Palliata ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Howling Monkeys

Affiliation Patterns Among Male Costa Rican Squirrel Monkeys

Behaviour ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 130 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 191-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Boinski
Keyword(s):  
General Pattern ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Squirrel Monkeys ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Ultimate Explanation ◽  
Focal Male

AbstractRemarkably close male bonding exists among Costa Rican squirrel monkeys, Saimiri oerstedi. In this population males were philopatric, exhibited no male-male within-troop aggression, and only very slight evidence for a dominance hierarchy. Juvenile, young and full adult males were spatially clumped in same-age male cohorts. A less intense, secondary association was also shown between the young and full adult male cohorts. These associations were most dense over a spatial scale of 5 m or less, but can also be detected in a 5-10 m distance from a focal male. Males also cooperated in 1) sexual investigation of females during the mating season, 2) aggressive interactions with males of neighboring troops, and 3) valiant defense of infants and subadults from potential predators. In contrast, the spatial association among adult females never exceeded random expectations and only a transitory period of cooperation was observed among mothers during the birth season. Furthermore, there was little evidence of bonds between the sexes. Seasonal variation in affiliation patterns was best explained by fluctuations in food availability and, secondarily, reproductive activity. These results are surprising both from the perspective of the general pattern of male affiliation among primates and the often marked aggression and dominance relationships among males documented in captive and wild populations of South American squirrel monkeys. The ultimate explanation is suggested to be the disparate distribution of fruit resources exploited by South and Central American squirrel monkeys, mediated by effects on female affiliation and dispersal patterns.

Screening bioactive secondary metabolites from Costa Rican enviromental microbial communities

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Araya ◽  
M Chavarría ◽  
A Pinto-Tomás ◽  
C Murillo ◽  
L Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites

Molecular analysis of FVIII gene in severe HA patients of Costa Rica

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S150-S152
Author(s):  
G. Jiménez-Cruz ◽  
M. Mendez ◽  
P. Chaverri ◽  
P. Alvarado ◽  
W. Schröder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Factor Viii Gene ◽  
Intron 22 Inversion ◽  
Intron 1 ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Inversion Analysis

SummaryHaemophilia A (HA) is X-chromosome linked bleeding disorders caused by deficiency of the coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). It is caused by FVIII gene intron 22 inversion (Inv22) in approximately 45% and by intron 1 inversion (Inv1) in 5% of the patients. Both inversions occur as a result of intrachromosomal recombination between homologous regions, in intron 1 or 22 and their extragenic copy located telomeric to the FVIII gene. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of these mutations in 25 HA Costa Rican families. Patients, methods: We studied 34 HA patients and 110 unrelated obligate members and possible carriers for the presence of Inv22or Inv1. Standard analyses of the factor VIII gene were used incl. Southern blot and long-range polymerase chain reaction for inversion analysis. Results: We found altered Inv22 restriction profiles in 21 patients and 37 carriers. It was found type 1 and type 2 of the inversion of Inv22. During the screening for Inv1 among the HA patient, who were Inv22 negative, we did not found this mutation. Discussion: Our data highlight the importance of the analysis of Inv22 for their association with development of inhibitors in the HA patients and we are continuous searching of Inv1 mutation. This knowledge represents a step for genetic counseling and prevention of the inhibitor development.

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