Wax esters in fish: Turnover of oleic acid in wax esters and triglycerides of gouramis

Lipids ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 562-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Sand ◽  
Jean L. Hehl ◽  
H. Schlenk
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Wax Esters

scholarly journals Low-Temperature Esterification to Produce Oleic Acid-Based Wax Esters Catalyzed by 4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1471
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Li ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Guolong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Wax Esters ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Synthesized oleic acid-based wax esters (e.g., cetyl oleate), which can replace spermaceti oil or jojoba oil, have been widely used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and other industries. In this work, 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) has been successfully used as an efficient catalyst to synthesize oleic acid-based wax esters through esterification at 40 °C under solvent-free conditions. A 93.6% conversion rate of cetyl alcohol was obtained under optimal conditions: 10 mol% DBSA, a molar ratio of 1.3:1 oleic acid to alcohol, a reaction temperature 40 °C and a reaction time of 4 h. The effect of water content on esterification was investigated, and it was found that the inhibitory effect of water decreased significantly with increasing temperature. Moreover, DBSA-catalyzed esterification could be applied in the production of various oleic acid-based wax esters and excellent conversion (>90%) to esters was obtained under such mild conditions. DBSA-catalyzed low-temperature esterification is an efficient method for the production of liquid wax esters.

The Distribution of Neutral Lipids in Shark Tissues

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Sargent ◽  
R. R. Gatten ◽  
R. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Lipid Class ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Wax Esters ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
A Minor

Neutral lipid classes were analysed in the livers, muscles and sera of Deania, Centroscymnus, Squalus and Prionace. All three squaloid sharks contained triglycerides and alkyldiacylglycerols and the two deep sea squaloids contained additionally hydrocarbons. Prionace contained triglycerides and hydrocarbons but no alkyldiacylglycerols. For a given species the class compositions of the lipids were similar in liver, muscle and serum, except that serum contained additionally cholesteryl esters and wax esters. Cholesteryl esters in Squalus serum were rich in oleic acid whereas wax esters were very rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Squalus serum contained a major and a minor lipoprotein species both of which transport all four neutral lipids in serum. It is concluded that, with the exception of cholesteryl and wax esters in serum, neutral lipids are distributed between shark tissues by a mechanism that is relatively non-specific with respect to lipid class.

Oleyl Oleate and Homologous Wax Esters Synthesized Coordinately from Oleic Acid by Acinetobacter and Coryneform Strains

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kaneshiro ◽  
L.K. Nakamura ◽  
J.J. Nicholson ◽  
M.O. Bagby
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Wax Esters ◽  
Oleyl Oleate

scholarly journals Thio Wax Ester Biosynthesis Utilizing the Unspecific Bifunctional Wax Ester Synthase/Acyl Coenzyme A:Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase of Acinetobacter sp. Strain ADP1

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 790-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Uthoff ◽  
Tim Stöveken ◽  
Nikolaus Weber ◽  
Klaus Vosmann ◽  
Erika Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Wax Esters ◽  
Wax Ester ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Relative Specific Activity ◽  
In Vitro Biosynthesis ◽  
Wax Ester Synthase

ABSTRACT The bifunctional wax ester synthase/acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA):diacylglycerol acyltransferase (WS/DGAT) from Acinetobacter sp. strain ADP1 (formerly Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ADP1) mediating the biosyntheses of wax esters and triacylglycerols was used for the in vivo and in vitro biosynthesis of thio wax esters and dithio wax esters. For in vitro biosynthesis, 5′His6WS/DGAT comprising an N-terminal His6 tag was purified from the soluble protein fraction of Escherichia coli Rosetta(DE3)pLysS (pET23a::5′His6 atf). By employing SP-Sepharose high-pressure and Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid fast-protein liquid chromatographies, a 19-fold enrichment with a final specific activity of 165.2 nmol mg of protein−1 min−1 was achieved by using 1-hexadecanol and palmitoyl-CoA as substrates. Incubation of purified 5′His6WS/DGAT with 1-hexadecanethiol and palmitoyl-CoA as substrates resulted in the formation of palmitic acid hexadecyl thio ester (10.4% relative specific activity of a 1-hexadecanol control). Utilization of 1,8-octanedithiol and palmitoyl-CoA as substrates led to the formation of 1-S-monopalmitoyloctanedithiol and minor amounts of 1,8-S-dipalmitoyloctanedithiol (59.3% relative specific activity of a 1-hexadecanol control). The latter dithio wax ester was efficiently produced when 1-S-monopalmitoyloctanedithiol and palmitoyl-CoA were used as substrates (13.4% specific activity relative to that of a 1-hexadecanol control). For the in vivo biosynthesis of thio wax esters, the knockout mutant Acinetobacter sp. strain ADP1acr1ΩKm, which is unable to produce fatty alcohols, was used. Cultivation of Acinetobacter sp. strain ADP1acr1ΩKm in the presence of gluconate, 1-hexadecanethiol, and oleic acid in nitrogen-limited mineral salts medium resulted in the accumulation of unusual thio wax esters that accounted for around 1.19% (wt/wt) of the cellular dry weight and consisted mainly of oleic acid hexadecyl thioester as revealed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

A magnetic super lattice

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 360-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Bentzon ◽  
J. v. Wonterghem ◽  
A. Thölén
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Amorphous Iron ◽  
Super Lattice ◽  
Carrier Liquid ◽  
Median Diameter

We report on the oxidation of a magnetic fluid. The oxidation results in magnetic super lattice crystals. The “atoms” are hematite (α-Fe2O3) particles with a diameter ø = 6.9 nm and they are covered with a 1-2 nm thick layer of surfactant molecules.Magnetic fluids are homogeneous suspensions of small magnetic particles in a carrier liquid. To prevent agglomeration, the particles are coated with surfactant molecules. The magnetic fluid studied in this work was produced by thermal decomposition of Fe(CO)5 in Declin (carrier liquid) in the presence of oleic acid (surfactant). The magnetic particles consist of an amorphous iron-carbon alloy. For TEM investigation a droplet of the fluid was added to benzine and a carbon film on a copper net was immersed. When exposed to air the sample starts burning. The oxidation and electron irradiation transform the magnetic particles into hematite (α-Fe2O3) particles with a median diameter ø = 6.9 nm.

Intestinal Absorption of Iodine131-Labeled Triolein and Oleic Acid in Normal Subjects and in Steatorrhea

1958 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 901-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ervin Kaplan ◽  
Bernard D. Edidin ◽  
Robert C. Fruin ◽  
Lyle A. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Normal Subjects

Oleic acid

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
LB Becnel ◽  
YF Darlington ◽  
S Orechsner ◽  
J Easton-Marks ◽  
CA Watkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid

Reusability Study of Sulfated Zirconia Functionalized SBA-15 Catalyst for Biolubricant Oil Production from Oleic Acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
F R Rangganita ◽  
L Hermida ◽  
A Angraeni ◽  
D Khoirunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Sulfated Zirconia ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Catalyst Reusability

Sulfated zirconia functionalized SBA-15 catalsyt (SZr-SBA-15) was prepared byreacting SBA-15 with Zirkoniumoxychloride and urea at 90oC to form ZrO2-SBA-15. Then, ZrO2-SBA-15 was reacted with H2SO4 at room temperature to produceSZr-SBA-15 catalsyt.. The catalyst was characterized in terms of adsorptiondesorption nitrogen analysis, SEM-EDX and FTIR. Based on SEM-EDX andadsorption-desorption nitrogen analysis results, it was found that Zr had beenincorporated in SBA-15. By using the SZr-SBA-15 catalyst, esterification reactionof oleic acid with TMP to produce biolubricant oil of Trimethylolpropanetrioleatachieved 85% oleic acid conversion and selectivity of 63,7%. Reusability study ofSZr-SBA-15 catalyst was carried out for 3 rounds of reaction. It was found that thecatalyst could be used up to 3 rounds without significant decrease in activityKeywords: biolubricant oil, catalyst reusability, sba-15, sulfated zirconia.

PEMBUATAN SURFAKTAN DARI ASAM OLEAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Puguh Setyopratomo ◽  
Edy Purwanto ◽  
H. Yefrico ◽  
H. Yefrico
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Reaction Conversion ◽  
Glycerol Mono

The synthesis of glycerol mono oleic from oleic acid and glycerol is classified as an esterification reaction. This research is aimed to study the influent of reaction temperature and catalyst concentration on reaction conversion. During the experiment the temperature of reaction mixture was varied as 110 oC, 130 oC, and 150 oC, while the catalyst concentration of 1%, 3 %, and 5% was used. The batch experiment was conducted in a glass reactor equipped with termometer, agitator, and reflux condensor. The oleic acid – glycerol mol ratio of 1 : 2 was used as a mixture feed. To maintain the reaction temperature at certain level, the oil bath was used. After the temperature of reaction mixture was reached the expected value, then H2SO4 catalyst was added to the reactor.  To measure the extent of the reaction, every 30 minutes the sample was drawn out from the reactor vessel. The sample analysis include acid number, density, and viscosity measurement. From this research the optimum condition which is the temperature of reaction of 150 oC and 1% catalyst concentration was obtained. At this optimum condition the convertion reach 86% and the analysis of other physical properties of the product show the acid number of 24.12, the density of 0.922 g/cc, and the viscosity of 118.4 cp.

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