Aspects of programmed cell death during leaf senescence of mono- and dicotyledonous plants

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 214 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Simeonova ◽  
A. Sikora ◽  
M. Charzyńska ◽  
A. Mostowska
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Dicotyledonous Plants

Programmed cell death during rice leaf senescence is nonapoptotic

2002 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruey-Hua Lee ◽  
Shu-Chen Grace Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Rice Leaf

scholarly journals Overexpressing 7-Hydroxymethyl Chlorophyll a Reductase Alleviates Non-Programmed Cell Death during Dark-Induced Senescence in Intact Arabidopsis Plants

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1143
Author(s):  
Xueyun Hu ◽  
Chu Zeng ◽  
Jinling Su ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Ahmad Zada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Pheophorbide A ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Metabolic Intermediates ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
Whole Plants

Leaf senescence, the last stage of leaf development, is a well-regulated and complex process for investigation. For simplification, dark-induced leaf senescence has frequently been used to mimic the natural senescence of leaves because many typical senescence symptoms, such as chlorophyll (Chl) and protein degradation, also occur under darkness. In this study, we compared the phenotypes of leaf senescence that occurred when detached leaves or intact plants were incubated in darkness to induce senescence. We found that the symptoms of non-programmed cell death (non-PCD) with remaining green coloration occurred more heavily in the senescent leaves of whole plants than in the detached leaves. The pheophorbide a (Pheide a) content was also shown to be much higher in senescent leaves when whole plants were incubated in darkness by analyses of leaf Chl and its metabolic intermediates. In addition, more serious non-PCD occurred and more Pheide a accumulated in senescent leaves during dark incubation if the soil used for plant growth contained more water. Under similar conditions, the non-PCD phenotype was alleviated and the accumulation of Pheide a was reduced by overexpressing 7-hydroxymethyl Chl a (HMChl a) reductase (HCAR). Taken together, we conclude that a high soil water content induced non-PCD by decreasing HCAR activity when whole plants were incubated in darkness to induce senescence; thus, the investigation of the fundamental aspects of biochemistry and the regulation of leaf senescence are affected by using dark-induced leaf senescence.

Plant oxylipins: role of jasmonic acid during programmed cell death, defence and leaf senescence

FEBS Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (17) ◽  
pp. 4666-4681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Reinbothe ◽  
Armin Springer ◽  
Iga Samol ◽  
Steffen Reinbothe
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Leaf Senescence

scholarly journals Regulation of Senescence by Sugar Metabolism

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Granot ◽  
Richard Amasino
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Hexokinase Activity ◽  
Delayed Senescence ◽  
Yeast Genes ◽  
Senescence Associated Genes

Research objectives a. Analyze transgenic plants that undergo rapid senescence due to increased expression of hexokinase. b. Determine if hexokinase-induced senescence accelerates natural senescence using senescence specific promoters that drive expression of a reporter gene (GUS) and a cytokinin producing gene (IPT - isopentyl transferase). c. Isolate and analyze plant genes that suppress sugar-induced cell death (SICD) in yeast, genes that potentially are involved in programmed cell death and senescence in plants. Background to the topic Leaf senescence is a regulated process of programmed cell death (PCD) in which metabolites are recycled to other active parts of the plant. Senescence associated genes (SAGs) are expressed throughout leaf senescence. Sugar flux and metabolism is thought to playa fundamental regulatory role in senescence. We found that transgenic tomato plants with high hexokinase activity, the initial enzymatic step of sugar (hexose) metabolism, undergo rapid leaf senescence, directly correlated with hexokinase activity. These plants provide a unique opportunity to analyze the regulatory role of sugar metabolism in senescence, and its relation to cytokinin, a senescence-inhibiting hormone. In addition, we found that sugar induces programmed cells death of yeast cells in direct correlation to hexokinase activity. We proposed to use the sugar induced cell death (SICD) to isolate Arabidopsis genes that suppress SICD. Such genes could potentially be involved in senescence induced PCD in plants. Major conclusions The promoters of Arabidopsis senescence-associated genes, SAG12 and SAGI3, are expressed in senescing tomato leaves similar to their expression in Arabidopsis leaves, indicating that these promoters are good senescence markers for tomato plants. Increased hexokinase activity accelerated senescence and induced expression of pSAG12 and pSAG13 promoters in tomato plants, suggesting that sugar regulate natural senescence via hexokinase. Expression of IPT, a cytokinin producing gene, under pSAG12 and pSAG13 promoters, delayed senescence of tomato leaves. Yet, senescence accelerated by hexokinase was epistatic over cytokinin, indicating that sugar regulation of senescence is dominant over the senescence-inhibiting hormone. A gene designated SFP1, which is similar to the major super family monosaccharide transporters, is induced during leaf senescence in Arabidopsis and may be involved in sugar transport during senescence. Accordingly, adult leaves accumulate sugars that may accelerate hexokinase activity. Light status of the entire plant affects the senescence of individual leaves. When individual leaves are darkened, senescence is induced in the covered leaves. However, whole adult plant placed in darkness show delayed senescence. In a search for Arabidopsis genes that suppress SICD we isolated 8 cDNA clones which confer partial resistance to SICD. One of the clones encodes a vesicle associated membrane protein - VAMP. This is the first evidence that vesicle trafficking might be involved in cell death. Implications Increased hexokinase activity accelerates senescence. We hypothesized that, reduced hexokinase activity may delay senescence. Preliminary experiments using a hexokinase inhibitor support this possible implication. Currently we are analyzing various practical approaches to delay leaf senescence via hexokinase inhibition. .

Time-course of programmed cell death during leaf senescence in Eucommia ulmoides

2003 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Cao ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
  Sodmergen ◽  
Keming Cui
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Eucommia Ulmoides

scholarly journals Mutation in a putative glycosyltransferase-like gene causes programmed cell death and early leaf senescence in rice

Rice ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanwen Ke ◽  
Shuchun Liu ◽  
Xin Luan ◽  
Xin-Ming Xie ◽  
Tzung-Fu Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Early Leaf Senescence
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