Direct and total irradiance: Measurement, calculation and comparison with Lowtran 6 and Lowtran 7 predictions

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Morelli ◽  
M. Stortini
Keyword(s):  
Irradiance Measurement ◽  
Total Irradiance

scholarly journals Detailed Characterization and Monitoring of a Retrogressive Thaw Slump from Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems and Identifying Associated Influence on Carbon and Nitrogen Export

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Kevin W. Turner ◽  
Michelle D. Pearce ◽  
Daniel D. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Surface Model ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Detailed Classification ◽  
Fill Volume ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Total Irradiance ◽  
Retrogressive Thaw Slump ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
Sediment Export

Ice-rich permafrost landscapes are sensitive to ongoing changes in climate. Permafrost retrogressive thaw slumps (RTSs) represent one of the more abrupt and prolonged disturbances, which occur along Arctic river and lake shorelines. These features impact local travel and infrastructure, and there are many questions regarding associated impacts on biogeochemical cycling. Predicting the duration and magnitude of impacts requires that we enhance our knowledge of RTS geomorphological drivers and rates of change. Here we demonstrate the utility of remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) for documenting the volumetric change, associated drivers and potential impacts of the largest active RTS along the Old Crow River in Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada. RPAS surveys revealed that 29,174 m3 of sediment was exported during the initial evacuation in June 2016 and an additional 18,845 m3 continued to be exported until June 2019. More sediment export occurred during the warmer 2017 summer that experienced less cumulative rainfall than summer 2018. However, several rain events during 2017 were of higher intensity than during 2018. Overall mean soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) within sampled thaw slump sediment was 1.36% and 0.11%, respectively. A combination of multispectral, thermal and irradiance (derived from the RPAS digital surface model) data provided detailed classification of thaw slump floor terrain types including raised dry clay lobes, shaded and relatively stable, and low-lying evacuation-prone sediments. Notably, the path of evacuation-prone sediments extended to a series of ice wedges in the northern headwall, where total irradiance was highest. Using thaw slump floor mean SOC and TN values in conjunction with sediment bulk density and thaw slump fill volume, we estimated that 713 t SOC and 58 t TN were exported to the Old Crow River during the three-year study. Findings showcase the utility of high-resolution RPAS datasets for refining our knowledge of thaw slump geomorphology and associated impacts.

scholarly journals A Radiometric Technique for Monitoring the Desulfurization Process of Blister Copper

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Alejandro Vásquez ◽  
Francisco Pérez ◽  
Maximiliano Roa ◽  
Ignacio Sanhueza ◽  
Hugo Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectral Emissivity ◽  
Optical Probe ◽  
Blister Copper ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Irradiance ◽  
Desulfurization Process ◽  
Radiometric Technique ◽  
Collimating Lens ◽  
Total Emissivity

In this paper, a novel optical technique for following the progress of the blister copper desulfurization process is presented. The technique is based on the changes observed in the continuous spectrum of the visible–near-infrared (VIS–NIR) radiation that the blister melt emits while the chemical reactions of the sulfur elimination process are taking place. Specifically, the proposed technique uses an optical probe composed of an optical fiber, a collimating lens, and a quartz tube, which is immersed in the melt. This optical probe provides a field of view of the blowing zone where the desulfurization reaction occurs. The experimental results show that the melt VIS–NIR total irradiance evolves inversely to the SO2 concentration reported by a gas analyzer based on differential optical absorption spectroscopy. Furthermore, the blister copper spectral emissivity as well as the total emissivity observed throughout the process show strong correlation with the sulfur content during desulfurization reaction.

Microwave proxies for sunspot blocking and total irradiance

1995 ◽  
Vol 100 (A10) ◽  
pp. 19851 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Schmahl ◽  
M. R. Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Total Irradiance

scholarly journals Economical and efficient technique for a static localized maximum sun lux determination

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Ahmed H. Ali ◽  
Adel S. Nada ◽  
Ahmed S. Shalaby
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Efficient Technique ◽  
Irradiance Measurement ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Site Field ◽  
Optimal Values

<span>Solar energy is one of the most promising renewable sources that is currently being used worldwide to contribute for meeting rising demands. In this paper solar irradiance measurement will experimentally carried out in two different regions in Egypt; Cairo and Luxor cities. This paper proposes a simple solar lux measurement using a light dependent resistor (LDR) with an arduino kit. This technique is based on two approaches which are coarse and fine maximum sun lux determination. This is based on the predetermined 26<sup>0</sup> vertical slop of the LDR. Coarse tuning determines one of the reach sun lux quarter (90<sup>0</sup>) of horizontal quad. The fine tuning allocates the optimized 10<sup>0</sup> in which; the maximum sun lux can be obtained. The optimal values of sun lux were found between the (90<sup>o</sup>–180<sup>o</sup>) quarter. This study confirms that the narrow ten degrees (95<sup>o</sup>-105<sup>o</sup>) are the optimized static sun lux extraction for the two site field measurements. This novel technique can be used for locating the angle of best installations for the solar cell at which maximum solar energy can be extracted. </span>

GOES High cadence Operational Total Irradiance: planned data products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Snow ◽  
Stephane Beland ◽  
Odele Coddington ◽  
Steven Penton ◽  
Don Woodraska
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Total Solar Irradiance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
First Year ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solar Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Total Irradiance ◽  
High Cadence

&lt;p&gt;The GOES-R series of satellites includes a redesigned instrument for solar spectral irradiance: the Extreme ultraviolet and X-ray Irradiance Sensor (EXIS).&amp;#160; Our team will be using a high-cadence broadband visible light diode to construct a proxy for Total Solar Irradiance (TSI).&amp;#160; This will have two advantages over the existing TSI measurements:&amp;#160; measurements are taken at 4 Hz, so the cadence of our TSI proxy is likely faster than any existing applications, and the observations are taken from geostationary orbit, so the time series of measurements is virtually uninterrupted.&amp;#160; Calibration of the diode measurements will still rely on the standard TSI composites.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The other measurement from EXIS that will be used is the Magnesium II core-to-wing ratio.&amp;#160; The MgII index is a proxy for chromospheric activity, and is measured by EXIS every 3 seconds.&amp;#160; The combination of the two proxies can be used to generate a model of the full solar spectrum similar to the NRLSSI2 empirical model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We are in the first year of a three-year grant to develop the TSI proxy and the SSI model, so only very preliminary findings will be discussed in this presentation.&lt;/p&gt;

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