Distributions of interevent intervals for miniature inhibitory and excitatory postsynaptic currents in cultured hippocampal neurons

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-160
Author(s):  
M. A. Chvanov ◽  
Ya. A. Boychuk ◽  
I. V. Melnick ◽  
P. V. Belan ◽  
P. G. Kostyuk
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Cultured Hippocampal Neurons

scholarly journals Distinct Functions of Endophilin Isoforms in Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jifeng Zhang ◽  
Minghui Tan ◽  
Yichen Yin ◽  
Bingyu Ren ◽  
Nannan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Synaptic Vesicle ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Electrophysiological Recording ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Cultured Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Recording Techniques

Endophilin isoforms perform distinct characteristics in their interactions with N-type Ca2+channels and dynamin. However, precise functional differences for the endophilin isoforms on synaptic vesicle (SV) endocytosis remain unknown. By coupling RNA interference and electrophysiological recording techniques in cultured rat hippocampal neurons, we investigated the functional differences of three isoforms of endophilin in SV endocytosis. The results showed that the amplitude of normalized evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents in endophilin1 knockdown neurons decreased significantly for both single train and multiple train stimulations. Similar results were found using endophilin2 knockdown neurons, whereas endophilin3 siRNA exhibited no change compared with control neurons. Endophilin1 and endophilin2 affected SV endocytosis, but the effect of endophilin1 and endophilin2 double knockdown was not different from that of either knockdown alone. This result suggested that endophilin1 and endophilin2 functioned together but not independently during SV endocytosis. Taken together, our results indicate that SV endocytosis is sustained by endophilin1 and endophilin2 isoforms, but not by endophilin3, in primary cultured hippocampal neurons.

scholarly journals Agonist-Dependent Postsynaptic Effects of Opioids on Miniature Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 1485-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezhi Liao ◽  
Olga O. Grigoriants ◽  
Horace H. Loh ◽  
Ping-Yee Law
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Green Fluorescence Protein ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Excitatory Synapses ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Knock Out Mice ◽  
Cultured Hippocampal Neurons

Although chronic treatment with morphine is known to alter the function and morphology of excitatory synapses, the effects of other opioids on these synapses are not clear. Here we report distinct effects of several opioids (morphine, [d-ala2,me-phe4,gly5-ol]enkephalin (DAMGO), and etorphine) on miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) in cultured hippocampal neurons: 1) chronic treatment with morphine for >3 days decreased the amplitude, frequency, rise time and decay time of mEPSCs. In contrast, “internalizing” opioids such as etorphine and DAMGO increased the frequency of mEPSCs and had no significant effect on the amplitude and kinetics of mEPSCs. These results demonstrate that different opioids can have distinct effects on the function of excitatory synapses. 2) mu opioid receptor fused with green fluorescence protein (MOR-GFP) is clustered in dendritic spines in most hippocampal neurons but is concentrated in axon-like processes in striatal and corticostriatal nonspiny neurons. It suggests that MORs might mediate pre- or postsynaptic effects depending on cell types. 3) Neurons were cultured from MOR knock-out mice and were exogenously transfected with MOR-GFP. Chronic treatment with morphine suppressed mEPSCs only in neurons that contained postsynaptic MOR-GFP, indicating that opioids can modulate excitatory synaptic transmission postsynaptically. 4) Morphine acutely decreased mEPSC amplitude in neurons expressing exogenous MOR-GFP but had no effect on neurons expressing GFP. It indicates that the low level of endogenous MORs could only allow slow opioid-induced plasticity of excitatory synapses under normal conditions. 5) A theoretical model suggests that morphine might affect the function of spines by decreasing the electrotonic distance from synaptic inputs to the soma.

Evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the dynamics of development of cultured hippocampal neurons of rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Isaeva ◽  
V. G. Sidorenko ◽  
S. A. Fedulova ◽  
N. S. Veselovskii
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Inhibitory Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Cultured Hippocampal Neurons

Halothane Blocks Synaptic Excitation of Inhibitory Interneurons

1996 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1431-1438. ◽  
Author(s):  
Misha Perouansky ◽  
Eilon D. Kirson ◽  
Yoel Yaari
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptor ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Inhibitory Interneurons ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Spike Threshold ◽  
Synaptic Excitation ◽  
Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Mouse Hippocampus

Background Activation of principal hippocampal neurons is controlled by feedforward and feedback inhibition mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acidergic interneurons. The effects of halothane on glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic excitation of inhibitory interneurons have not been reported yet. Methods The effects of halothane on glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic currents and on spike threshold in visually identified interneurons were studied with tight-seal, whole-cell voltage- and current-clamp recordings in thin slices from adult mouse hippocampus. The excitatory postsynaptic currents were pharmacologically isolated into their N-methyl-D-aspartate and non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated components using selective antagonists. Results Halothane (0.37-2.78 mM) reversibly blocked non-N-methyl-D-aspartate and N-methyl-D-aspartate excitatory postsynaptic currents in hippocampal oriens-alveus interneurons. Half-maximal inhibition was observed at similar concentrations (0.59 mM and 0.50 mM, respectively). Halothane inhibited synaptically generated action potentials at concentrations that did not elevate the spike threshold. Conclusions Halothane blocks glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic activation of inhibitory interneurons in the mouse hippocampus.

scholarly journals Recordings from neuron–HEK cell cocultures reveal the determinants of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents

2021 ◽  
Vol 153 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Wei Chiang ◽  
Wen-Chi Shu ◽  
Jun Wan ◽  
Beth A. Weaver ◽  
Meyer B. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Hek Cells ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fusion Pores

Spontaneous exocytosis of single synaptic vesicles generates miniature synaptic currents, which provide a window into the dynamic control of synaptic transmission. To resolve the impact of different factors on the dynamics and variability of synaptic transmission, we recorded miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) from cocultures of mouse hippocampal neurons with HEK cells expressing the postsynaptic proteins GluA2, neuroligin 1, PSD-95, and stargazin. Synapses between neurons and these heterologous cells have a molecularly defined postsynaptic apparatus, while the compact morphology of HEK cells eliminates the distorting effect of dendritic filtering. HEK cells in coculture produced mEPSCs with a higher frequency, larger amplitude, and more rapid rise and decay than neurons from the same culture. However, mEPSC area indicated that nerve terminals in synapses with both neurons and HEK cells release similar populations of vesicles. Modulation by the glutamate receptor ligand aniracetam revealed receptor contributions to mEPSC shape. Dendritic cable effects account for the slower mEPSC rise in neurons, whereas the slower decay also depends on other factors. Lastly, expression of synaptobrevin transmembrane domain mutants in neurons slowed the rise of HEK cell mEPSCs, thus revealing the impact of synaptic fusion pores. In summary, we show that cocultures of neurons with heterologous cells provide a geometrically simplified and molecularly defined system to investigate the time course of synaptic transmission and to resolve the contribution of vesicles, fusion pores, dendrites, and receptors to this process.

Passive and synaptic properties of hippocampal neurons grown in microcultures and in mass cultures

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mennerick ◽  
J. Que ◽  
A. Benz ◽  
C. F. Zorumski
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Single Neuron ◽  
Synaptic Currents ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Decay Times ◽  
Mass Cultures ◽  
Synaptic Responses ◽  
Passive Membrane

1. We used whole cell recordings to compare passive membrane properties and synaptic properties of postnatal rat hippocampal neurons grown for 7-15 days in either conventional mass cultures or on physically restricted microisland cultures. Despite matching microisland and mass culture cell across several variables, there were significant differences between neurons in the two groups regarding passive membrane characteristics and synaptic properties. 2. Microisland neurons displayed significantly faster charging of the membrane capacitance than mass culture counterparts matched with microisland neurons for age, somal diameter, and transmitter phenotype. When we used a two-compartment equivalent circuit model to quantify this result, microisland neurons displayed approximately half the distal capacitance of mass culture neurons. These data suggest that microisland neurons elaborate less extensive neuritic arborizations than mass culture neurons. 3. Evoked synaptic responses were enhanced on microislands compared with mass cultures. Excitatory and inhibitory autaptic currents were more frequent and displayed larger amplitudes on single-neuron microislands than in matched mass culture neurons. 4. In recordings from pairs of neurons in the two environments, we observed a significantly higher probability of obtaining a monosynaptic response on two-neuron microislands than in matched mass culture pairs (85% vs. 42%). Evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents were also significantly larger in the microisland environment, with evoked excitatory synaptic currents from two-neuron microislands exhibiting a mean amplitude 20-fold larger than mass culture monosynaptic responses. 5. The differences in evoked synaptic responses were not reflected in differences in the amplitude or frequency of spontaneous miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). Analysis of mEPSC rise times, decay times, and peak amplitudes within individual cells suggests that electrotonic filtering is not an important contributor to the variability of peak amplitudes and decay times of synaptic currents in cells of either culture environment. However, composite data across neurons in both cultures reveal a significant correlation between mEPSC rise and decay times. 6. Out results suggest that the microisland preparation may be a useful tool for exploring factors that influence synapse formation and development. Additionally, the preparation is a particularly convenient model for the study of single-neuron-mediated synaptic events.

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