Impact model resolution on Painlevé's paradox

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhen ◽  
Chen Bin ◽  
Liu Caishan ◽  
Jin Hai
Keyword(s):  
Impact Model ◽  
Model Resolution ◽  
Painlevé’S Paradox

Sprat – A Simple River Quality Impact Model for Intermittent Discharges

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1793-1796
Author(s):  
C. P. Crockett ◽  
R. W. Crabtree ◽  
H. R. Markland
Keyword(s):  
Plug Flow ◽  
River System ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Impact Model ◽  
Basin Management ◽  
Potential Accuracy ◽  
North West ◽  
River Quality ◽  
Receiving Waters

The detrimental influence of storm sewer overflows on urban river quality has been widely recognised for many years. One objective of the WRc River Basin Management programme is the development of a river impact model capable of predicting the transient quality changes in receiving waters due to intermittent storm sewage discharges. The production of SPRAT (Spill Pollution Response Assessment Technique) is the first step in the development of such a model. SPRAT incorporates a number of significant simplifications, most notably plug flow and instantaneous mixing, and does not implicitly take into account the effects of dispersion. These simplifications reflect the large errors associated with the model inputs. These errors severely limit the potential accuracy of any river impact model. The model has been applied to the Bolton river system in North West England. The development and application of SPRAT has enabled the requirements for a more sophisticated river quality impact model to be clearly defined, in addition to highlighting the problems associated with gathering suitable data with which to build and calibrate such a model.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Mass Balance and Pressure Impact Model Applied to an Urban Aquifer

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitja Janža ◽  
Joerg Prestor ◽  
Simona Pestotnik ◽  
Brigita Jamnik
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Impact Model ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Pressure Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The assurance of drinking water supply is one of the biggest emerging global challenges, especially in urban areas. In this respect, groundwater and its management in the urban environment are gaining importance. This paper presents the modeling of nitrogen load from the leaky sewer system and from agriculture and the impact of this pressure on the groundwater quality (nitrate concentration) in the urban aquifer located beneath the City of Ljubljana. The estimated total nitrogen load in the model area of 58 km2 is 334 ton/year, 38% arising from the leaky sewer system and 62% from agriculture. This load was used as input into the groundwater solute transport model to simulate the distribution of nitrate concentration in the aquifer. The modeled nitrate concentrations at the observation locations were found to be on average slightly lower (2.7 mg/L) than observed, and in general reflected the observed contamination pattern. The ability of the presented model to relate and quantify the impact of pressures from different contamination sources on groundwater quality can be beneficially used for the planning and optimization of groundwater management measures for the improvement of groundwater quality.

Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Excitotoxicity Assessed in a Controlled Cortical Impact Model

1993 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 2015-2024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. Palmer ◽  
Donald W. Marion ◽  
Michelle L. Botscheller ◽  
Pamela E. Swedlow ◽  
Scott D. Styren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Impact Model ◽  
Controlled Cortical Impact ◽  
Cortical Impact

Outcome–asset impact model: linking outcomes and assets

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.S Reed ◽  
R.E Brown
Keyword(s):  
Impact Model
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