Specific features in the secretory activity of enterochromaffin cells of the duodenal mucosa of red-cheeked souslik under different physiological conditions

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-311
Author(s):  
L. V. Shestopalova ◽  
M. S. Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Enterochromaffin Cells ◽  
Physiological Conditions

Enterochromaffin cells of the rat duodenal mucosa

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-759
Author(s):  
E. S. Starkova ◽  
B. T. Anufriev
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Enterochromaffin Cells

scholarly journals Enteropathy of coeliac disease in adults: increased number of enterochromaffin cells the duodenal mucosa.

Gut ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sjolund ◽  
J Alumets ◽  
N O Berg ◽  
R Hakanson ◽  
F Sundler
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Enterochromaffin Cells

scholarly journals The mechanism of secretion in the thyroid gland

1928 ◽  
Vol 104 (728) ◽  
pp. 28-39 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Exposure To Cold ◽  
Enclosed Space ◽  
Opening Up

The thyroid gland presents a peculiar problem in its mechanism of secretion. In previous publications we have shown that during rest the colloid is secreted into the centre of an alveolus-an enclosed space in which it accumulates. When the gland is stimulated to activity by exposure to cold, or in sympathetic fever, there is a disappearance of the colloid from this enclosed space, together with an opening up of the inter-alveolar and intra-alveolar capillaires. What happens now when the gland continues its activity after most of the colloid has disappeared from the alveolar lumen? Do the thyroid cells continue to pass their specific hormone into the alveolar lumen, from which it is then poured into the circulation ? Or, do they reverse the direction and pass the specific hormone direclly into the cirulation ? In the second part of this paper we shall show that such a reversal occurs under pathological conditions, so that it is a matter of importance to determine whether it takes place also under physiological conditions. Information on this point can be obtained by a study of the Golgi apparatus in the thyroid cells. Recent cytological work has shown that the Golgi apparatus is intimately related to certain phases of the process of secretion. In gland cells the specific products of secretion accumulate in relationship with the Golgi apparatus, which in these cells is always situated at the side of the nucleus directed towards the secreting surface of the cell. At the onset of secretory activity the Golgi apparatus enlarges, spreading out away from the nucleus towards the lumen of the alveolus. Droplets of secretion make their appearance in contact with the surface of the Golgi apparatus, and, breaking away from it, pass out into the cytoplasm towards the lumen. The position of the Golgi apparatus its polarity gives, therefore, a clue as to the direction of the process of secretion. In a previous paper we have shown that the Golgi apparatus of the thyroid cells is always situated between the nucleus and the alveolar lumen, that it undergoes the changes just described when the gland is stimulated to activity, and that no reversal of polarity can be obtained under the conditions which we studied.

scholarly journals Enterochromaffin cells in the duodenal mucosa of children with coeliac disease.

Gut ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
D N Challacombe ◽  
K Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Enterochromaffin Cells

Physiological conditions for the study of basal and meal stimulated exocrine pancreatic secretion in the dog. Absence of feedback inhibition of basal secretion

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1287-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Roblès Diaz ◽  
M. A. Devaux ◽  
C. D. Johnson ◽  
Z. Adrich ◽  
H. Sarles
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pancreatic Juice ◽  
Pancreatic Secretion ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Transient Rise ◽  
Secretion Rates

Pancreatic secretion has been studied in dogs in basal and postprandial conditions, as nearly physiological as possible. When pancreatic juice was excluded from the duodenum pancreatic secretion was not raised. compared with secretion during the return of juice to the duodenum. In fact, in seven mongrels, returning pancreatic juice led a transient rise in pancreatic secretion. This was not seen in five beagles. These results indicate that dogs do not manifest the feedback control of pancreatic secretion by pancreatic juice observed in other species. Pancreatic secretory activity was determined in 10 dogs after stimulation by food. The highest secretion rates occurred during the initial 60 min. The maximal secretion of protein occurred before the maximal secretion of fluid and bicarbonate. The effect of the meal diminished slowly during the subsequent minutes but did not reach basal levels after 2 h. In physiological conditions, maximal pancreatic secretion of fluid and bicarbonate was about one-fifth and of protein was almost one-seventh of the maximal secretory capacity obtained with secretin and cholecystokinin, respectively. Potential specific activity of trypsinogen was unchanged during the different experimental conditions. Trypsinogen output represented a constant average of 20% of protein output. The interindividual variability of pancreatic secretion rates was reduced when outputs were expressed per kilogram of body weight. In general, a significant positive correlation was found between body weight and the secretory outputs. No differences were observed in the response of mongrel and beagle dogs to a meal.

P.11.6 INCREASE OF ENTEROCHROMAFFIN CELLS IN THE DUODENAL MUCOSA OF PATIENTS WITH COMPLICATED COELIAC DISEASE

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S155-S156
Author(s):  
A. Di Sabatino ◽  
A. Vanoli ◽  
P. Giuffrida ◽  
O. Luinetti ◽  
R. Manca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Enterochromaffin Cells

Ultrastructure of Giant Mitochondria and Their Inclusions in Schwann Cells of Bovine Splenic Nerve

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
Å. Thureson-Klein
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Giant Mitochondria ◽  
Matrix Density ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Unmyelinated Axons ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Structural Abnormalities ◽  
Cytotoxic Compounds ◽  
Cell Components

Giant mitochondria of various shapes and with different internal structures and matrix density have been observed in a great number of tissues including nerves. In most instances, the presence of giant mitochondria has been associated with a known disease or with abnormal physiological conditions such as anoxia or exposure to cytotoxic compounds. In these cases degenerative changes occurred in other cell organelles and, therefore the giant mitochondria also were believed to be induced structural abnormalities.Schwann cells ensheating unmyelinated axons of bovine splenic nerve regularly contain giant mitochondria in addition to the conventional smaller type (Fig. 1). These nerves come from healthy inspected animals presumed not to have been exposed to noxious agents. As there are no drastic changes in the small mitochondria and because other cell components also appear reasonably well preserved, it is believed that the giant mitochondria are normally present jin vivo and have not formed as a post-mortem artifact.

The Dermal Glands of Rhodnius Prolixus

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 258-259
Author(s):  
J. E. Lai-Fook
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Outermost Layer ◽  
Cement Layer ◽  
Dermal Glands

Dermal glands are epidermal derivatives which are reported to secrete either the cement layer, which is the outermost layer of the epicuticle or some component of the moulting fluid which digests the endocuticle. The secretions do not show well-defined staining reactions and therefore they have not been positively identified. This has contributed to another difficulty, namely, that of determining the time of secretory activity. This description of the fine structure of the developing glands in Rhodnius was undertaken to determine the time of activity, with a view to investigating their function.

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