Age estimation by dental attrition in an independently controlled early 19th century sample from Zwolle, The Netherlands

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Constandse-Westermann
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Dental Attrition

scholarly journals Grammar of Difference. General Education in the Netherlands and Java, 1800-1940

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Elise Van Nederveen Meerkerk
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
General Education ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Primary Schooling ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Public Investments

This contribution compares developments in school enrolment and public investments in primary education in the Netherlands and its most important colony in the 19th century: the Netherlands East Indies, more specifically the island of Java. Despite being part of the same Empire, conditions in both regions were very different, with the metropole having already quite high enrolment rates from the beginning of the period studied (the early 19th century) compared to very low school attendance in the colony. For long, the colonial government left indigenous education in Java to religious and private initiatives, whereas primary schooling in the Netherlands was increasingly financed and regulated. Rising interest for public schooling in the colony, including some government investment in the first decades of the 20th century did lead to some changes, but these were insufficient to prevent Dutch and Javanese children from experiencing a fundamentally different educational upbringing.

De trekvliet en de maliebaan in Leiden

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-317
Author(s):  
Martijn Storms
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Hague ◽  
City Walls ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

Abstract The Trekvliet canal and the pall-mall at Leiden Pall-mall was a popular lawn game in the 17th century. The oldest pall-mall in the Netherlands was built in The Hague in 1606. Leiden was one of the universities with such a facility. In 1581, Leiden University already had several courts for ball sports. Some manuscript maps show their locations outside the city walls. The building of a pall-mall in Leiden coincided with the digging of the canal for horse-drawn boats to The Hague and Delft. The first plans for a boat canal probably date from around 1633 and the canal was completed in 1637. Alongside, between the boat canal and the Leiden city walls, a pall-mall was built, about 700 meters in length. The university bought some plots of land from the Leiden orphanage, on which the lawn was built. The history of the building of the boat canal and pall-mall is documented in several property maps and town plans that have survived. In the university’s archive, a concept of regulations of the Leiden pall-mall is kept, which gives insight in how the game had to be played and into the rules that the students had to adhere to. The pall-mall remained in use until at least the end of the 18th century. On the cadastral plan from the early 19th century (1811-1832) the strip of land is still owned by the university but indicated as ‘economic garden’ and the heyday of pall-mall was over.

scholarly journals SEKULARISME SEBAGAI TANTANGAN DAKWAH KONTEMPORER

Al-Risalah ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Lukman Ma'sa
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Muslim Communities

The secularization project in the Islamic world has been going on for quite a long time, starting in the early 19th century, this ideology was under the rule of the western countries that colonized Muslim countries. likewise in Indonesia, this secularism under the Dutch colonialists. The Netherlands collaborates with Orientalist and Christian missionaries trying to secularize Indonesian Muslim communities. of course this secularization project has been opposed by Islamic figures. This paper tries to examine and describe secularism as an ideology and secularization process in Indonesia from the perspective of da'wah. the results of this paper prove that secularism is contrary to Islam, even wants to eliminate the role of Islamic religion in life. but ironically many Muslims who follow and have a secular understanding, they reject and blaspheme the Shari'ah, doubting the authenticity of the Qur'an, even do not believe in Islam as a true religion. of course this is a very serious da'wah problems, which requires serious attention and care from preachers (da’i) , ulama, and also da'wah institutions.

The Kitajskaja grammatika (1835) and Bičurin’s ideas on the “mechanism” of Chinese between European and Chinese grammatical traditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-77
Author(s):  
Anna Di Toro
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Early 19Th Century

The main contribution of Bičurin in the field of Chinese language, the Kitajskaja grammatika (1835), is still quite understudied, even though it represents the first grammar of Chinese written in Russian. Through a rapid overview of some of the early grammars of Chinese written by European authors and the analysis of some sections of the book, in which the Russian sinologist expounds the mechanism of Chinese, the paper dwells on the original ideas on this language developed by the Russian sinologist, inspired both by European and Chinese grammatical traditions. A particular attention is devoted to Bičurin’s concept of “mental modification”, related to the linguistic ideas discussed in Europe in the early 19th century.

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