Image analysis as a simple and useful tool for evaluating the constitutive heterochromatin (C-banding) in human chromosomes

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
R. Di Lernia ◽  
D. Formenti ◽  
A. M. Fuhrman Conti
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
C Banding

CHROMOSOMES AND DNA OF MICROTUS II. CONFIRMATION OF DELETION OF CONSTITUTIVE HETEROCHROMATIN IN M. AGRESTIS CELLS IN VITRO

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. K. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microtus Agrestis ◽  
C Banding

The distribution of constitutive heterochromatin has been examined by C-banding in two somatic cell lines, grown in vitro, from a female Microtus agrestis. One line retains one intact X chromosome together with the short arm of the other X chromosome, while the other cell line retains only the short arm of one X chromosome. Thus, each cell line has lost substantial amounts of heterochromatin from the sex chromosomes, but this material has been deleted from the cells, and not translocated to other chromosomes. Nonetheless, both cell lines continue to propagate well in vitro.

G and/or C-bands in plant chromosomes?

1984 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
I. Schubert ◽  
R. Rieger ◽  
P. Dobel
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Giemsa Staining ◽  
Giemsa Banding ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Plant Chromosomes ◽  
Nucleolus Organizing Region ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Simple Sequence

Similarities and differences become evident from comparisons of centromeric and non-centromeric banding patterns in plant and animal chromosomes. Similar to C and G-banding in animals (at least most of the reptiles, birds and mammals), centromeric and nucleolus-organizing region bands as well as interstitially and/or terminally located non-centromeric bands may occur in plants, depending on the kind and strength of pretreatment procedures. The last group of bands may sometimes be subdivided into broad regularly occurring ‘marker’ bands and thinner bands of more variable appearance. Non-centromeric bands in plants often correspond to blocks of constitutive heterochromatin that are rich in simple sequence DNA and sometimes show polymorphism; they thus resemble C-bands. However, most of these bands contain late-replicating DNA. Also they are sometimes rich A X T base-pairs, closely adjacent to each other and positionally identical to Feulgen+ and Q+ bands, thus being comparable to mammalian G-bands. Although banding that is reverse to the non-centromeric bands after Giemsa staining is still uncertain in plants, reverse banding patterns can be obtained with Feulgen or with pairs of A X T versus G X C-specific fluorochromes. It is therefore concluded that not all of the plant Giemsa banding patterns correspond to C-banding of mammalian chromosomes. Before the degree of homology between different Giemsa banding patterns in plants and G and/or C-bands in mammals is finally elucidated, the use of the neutral term ‘Giemsa band’, specified by position (e.g. centromeric, proximal, interstitial, terminal), is suggested to avoid confusion.

scholarly journals A new species of Urostreptus (Diplopoda, Spirostreptidae): description and chromossome number

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro H. B. Pierozzi ◽  
Carmem S. Fontanetti
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
C Banding ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
A New Species

This work presents the description and chromosome number of Urostreptus atrobrunneus sp. nov. The genus until now had not been registered yet in the São Paulo State, Brazil. The meiotic analysis showed that the species presents 2n=24, XY. The C-banding revealed large blocks of constitutive heterochromatin and two heteromorphic chromosomal pairs, one of them corresponding to the sexual pair.

scholarly journals Chromosome comparison between two species of Phyllostomus (Chiroptera - Phyllostomidae) from Eastern Amazonia, with some phylogenetic insights

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís R.R. Rodrigues ◽  
Regina M.S. Barros ◽  
Maria de Fátima L. Assis ◽  
Suely A. Marques-Aguiar ◽  
Julio C. Pieczarka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Pericentric Inversion ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Primitive Condition ◽  
Autosome Pair ◽  
Phyllostomus Discolor

The karyotypes of Phyllostomus discolor and P. hastatus from Eastern Amazonia were studied by G-, C-, G/C sequential and Ag-NOR techniques. Both species presented 2n = 32, with the autosome complement composed of 30 bi-armed in P. discolor and 28 bi-armed plus 1 acrocentric in P. hastatus. In both species, the X chromosome is medium submetacentric while the Y is minute acrocentric. The present study found only one difference between the karyotypes of P. discolor and P. hastatus: the smallest autosome (pair 15) is bi-armed in discolor and acrocentric in hastatus, a result best explained by pericentric inversion. The C-banding revealed constitutive heterochromatin only at the centromeric regions of all chromosomes, with the NOR site located at the distal region of short arm of pair 15, in both species. The taxon P. discolor is considered primitive for genus Phyllostomus and the bi-armed form of pair 15 is the assumed primitive condition which, rearranged by a pericentric inversion originated the acrocentric from found in P. hastatus.

C-BANDING OF HUMAN CHROMOSOMES PRODUCED BY D.N.ASE

The Lancet ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 302 (7827) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
OmarS. Alfi ◽  
GeorgeN. Donnell ◽  
Anna Derencsenyi
Keyword(s):  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
C Banding

scholarly journals Simultaneous G and C banding of human chromosomes.

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
L M de la Maza ◽  
O Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
C Banding

Role of heterochromatin during preferential 9q;22q translocation in chronic myelogenous leukemia

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 998-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram S. Verma ◽  
Jorge Rodriguez ◽  
Arvind Babu ◽  
Sundari Chemitiganti ◽  
Morton Coleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Secondary Constriction ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Distamycin A ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Pericentric Inversions

The secondary constriction region (h) of human chromosome 9 was evaluated in 55 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients with respect to its size and position. Each case was examined by C-banding and distamycin A–4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole techniques for the expression of the h regions. When one h region of chromosome 9 was larger, it was more frequently involved in the reciprocal translocation with chromosome 22. In addition, there was a higher incidence of pericentric inversions in the h regions in the translocated chromosome 9 when compared with normal homologues. The role of the constitutive heterochromatin of chromosome 9 as a possible influencing factor during 9q;22q translocation in CML is suggested.Key words: chromosomes 9 and 22, leukemia C-banding, DA–DAPI technique, heterochromatin.

scholarly journals Simultaneous G- and C- banding for human chromosomes.

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
R S Verma ◽  
H Dosik
Keyword(s):  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
C Banding

Identification of the somatic chromosomes of Psathyrostachys fragilis (Poaceae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Linde-Laursen ◽  
R. von Bothmer
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Feulgen Staining ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Nucleolar Organizers ◽  
Silver Nitrate Staining ◽  
C And N

The karyotype of the outbreeding P. fragilis (2n = 2x = 14) was investigated by Feulgen staining and by C-, N-, and Ag-banding techniques. The complement consisted of 14 large chromosomes, 8 metacentrics and 6 satellite (SAT) chromosomes, probably among the longest within the Poaceae. Two SAT-chromosome pairs carried small, and one pair carried minute, polymorphic, completely heterochromatic satellites. Each chromosome could be referred to one of the seven chromosome pairs by its C-banding pattern. The patterns comprised from zero to three conspicuous, but not large bands per chromosome resulting in an overall low content of constitutive heterochromatin (<4%). The C-banded karyotype of P. fragilis differed from any previously reported in the Triticeae. Six of seven chromosome pairs were polymorphic either for C-banding patterns or satellite size (or for both). N-banding gave no differential staining of chromosomes. Silver nitrate staining established that the nucleolar organizers had different nucleolus-forming capacities. The presence of the small and minute satellites was more consistently demonstrated after C- and N-banding than after Feulgen staining.Key words: Triticeae, Poaceae, karyotype, C-, N-, and Ag-banding.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document