Changes in inferior vena cava blood flow at increased negative intrathoracic pressure

2000 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-212
Author(s):  
B. I. Tkachenko ◽  
V. I. Evlakhov ◽  
I. Z. Poyasov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Intrathoracic Pressure ◽  
Negative Intrathoracic Pressure

Dose-dependent thrombus resolution due to oral plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 inhibition with tiplaxtinin in a rat stenosis model of venous thrombosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (04) ◽  
pp. 749-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjiv Baxi ◽  
David Crandall ◽  
Thomas Meier ◽  
Shirley Wrobleski ◽  
Angela Hawley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Pai 1

SummaryThis study aimed to evaluate a small-molecule PAI-1 inhibitor (PAI-039; tiplaxtinin) in a rodent stenosis model of venous thrombosis in a two-phase experiment. Phase 1 determined the efficacy of tiplaxtinin against Lovenox (LOV), while phase 2 determined the dose-dependent efficacy. For both phases, drug treatment began 24 hours after surgically induced venous thrombosis and continued for four days. Phase 1 animals (n = 24) receiving low-dose (LD; 1 mg/kg oral gavage) PAI-1 inhibitor demonstrated a 52% decrease in thrombus weight (TW) versus controls (p < 0.05) with significant reductions in active plasma PAI-1, while the high-dose (HD; 10 mg/kg oral gavage) group demonstrated a 23% reduction in TW versus controls. Animals treated subcutaneously with LOV (3 mg/kg) showed a 39% decrease in TW versus controls (p < 0.05). Coagulation tests (aPTT and TCT) were significantly different in LOV compared to PAI-1 inhibitor groups. PAI-039 treatment was also associated with significantly increased return of inferior vena cava blood flow four days post-thrombosis versus controls (p < 0.05). In phase 2 (n = 30), TW was reduced from the 0.5 mg/kg to 5 mg/ kg experimental groups, with the 10 mg/kg group demonstrating a paradoxical increase. The 5 mg/kg group showed statistically significant decreases in TW versus controls after four treatment days (p < 0.05). This is the first study to demonstrate dose related effects of PAI-039 on increasing thrombus resolution and inferior vena cava blood flow without adverse effects on anti-coagulation in a rat stenosis model of venous thrombosis.

125 Numerical Study of Blood Flow in the Hepatic Portion of the Inferior Vena Cava on Budd-Chiari Syndrome

2008 ◽  
Vol 2007.20 (0) ◽  
pp. 257-258
Author(s):  
Mizuho MATSUBARA ◽  
Masao WATANABE ◽  
Satoshi WATANABE ◽  
Kozo KONISHI ◽  
Makoto HASHIZUME
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Budd Chiari Syndrome ◽  
Chiari Syndrome

scholarly journals The electrolytic inferior vena cava model (EIM) to study thrombogenesis and thrombus resolution with continuous blood flow in the mouse

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (06) ◽  
pp. 1158-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Alvarado ◽  
Shirley K. Wrobleski ◽  
Dallas W. Slack ◽  
Angela E. Hawley ◽  
Diana M. Farris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Vein Wall ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Ivc Thrombus

SummaryPreviously, we presented the electrolytic inferior vena cava (IVC) model (EIM) during acute venous thrombosis (VT). Here, we present our evaluation of the EIM for chronic VT time points in order to determine whether this model allows for the study of thrombus resolution. C57BL/6 mice (n=191) were utilised. In this model a copper-wire, inserted into a 25-gauge needle, is placed in the distal IVC and another subcutaneously. An electrical current (250 Amp/15 minutes) activates the endothelial cells, inducing thrombogenesis. Ultrasound, thrombus weight (TW), vein wall leukocyte counts, vein wall thickness/ fibrosis scoring, thrombus area and soluble P-selectin (sP-sel) were performed at baseline, days 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 11 and 14, post EIM. A correlation between TW and sP-sel was also determined. A thrombus formed in each mouse undergoing EIM. Blood flow was documented by ultrasound at all time points. IVC thrombus size increased up to day 2 and then decreased over time, as shown by ultrasound, TW, and sP-sel levels. TW and sP-sel showed a strong positive correlation (r=0.48, p<0.0002). Vein wall neutrophils were the most common cell type present in acute VT (up to day 2) with monocytes becoming the most prevalent in chronic VT (from day 6 to day 14). Thrombus resolution was demonstrated by ultrasound, TW and thrombus area. In conclusion, the EIM produces a non-occlusive and consistent IVC thrombus, in the presence of constant blood flow, allowing for the study of VT at both acute and chronic time points. Thrombus resolution was demonstrated by all modalities utilised in this study.Note: Results were presented, in part, at the 24th American Venous Forum Annual Meeting 2012 in Orlando, FL, USA.

Blood flow through vasa vasorum in arteries and veins: effects of luminal PO2

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (3) ◽  
pp. H434-H442 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Heistad ◽  
M. L. Armstrong ◽  
S. Amundsen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Vasa Vasorum ◽  
Aortic Media ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Arteries And Veins

We have examined effects of chronic reduction of intraluminal PO2 on blood flow through vasa vasorum, by comparing large arteries and veins, and effects of acute hypoxia on flow through vasa. Microspheres were used to measure flow in anesthetized dogs. Values obtained with different sizes of microspheres suggest that spheres 9 and 15 micron in diam, but not 50 micron, are appropriate for measurement of blood flow through vasa vasorum. Flow [expressed as ml X min-1 X 100 g-1 (SE)] through medial vasa was similar in the aorta (9.0 +/- 2.1) and pulmonary artery (9.3 +/- 1.1) although, on the basis of wall thickness and number of lamellae, one would predict much higher levels of flow to aortic media. Two veins that we studied have a thick muscular wall. Both veins had high levels of flow through medial vasa: 33 +/- 4.4 to the subdiaphragmatic inferior vena cava and 18 +/- 5.4 to the portal vein. Two other veins are apparently conduit vessels, with dense connective tissue and minimal smooth muscle. Both veins had minimal flow through medial vasa: 2.4 +/- 1.0 to superior vena cava, and 1.9 +/- 0.8 to supradiaphragmatic inferior vena cava. Thus, because flow through vasa differs greatly in different veins, structure of the vessel (as well as intraluminal PO2) is an important determinant of flow through vasa. Acute hypoxia increased conductance of medial vasa vasorum of arteries and veins when neurohumoral constrictor effects were blocked by phenoxybenzamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Flow In The Inferior Vena Cava At The Onset Of Cycling Exercise In Humans

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Fukuba ◽  
Rie Kogata ◽  
Masako Yamada ◽  
Akira Miura ◽  
Shunsaku Koga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Exercise In Humans

Numerical Study of Blood Flow in the Hepatic Portion of the Inferior Vena Cava

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Matsubara ◽  
M. Watanabe ◽  
S. Watanabe ◽  
K. Konishi ◽  
S. Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Hepatic Veins ◽  
Partial Occlusion ◽  
Budd Chiari Syndrome ◽  
Chiari Syndrome

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is complete or partial occlusion in the hepatic veins and the hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava (IVC). The cause of BCS is not well known yet, however: abnormal vessel wall shear stress caused by blood flow is thought to increase the likelihood of developing BCS. In order to reveal the formation mechanism of BCS, we construct several vessel models of the IVC and hepatic veins from medical images and study the characteristics of the blood flow in the vicinity of the junctions of the hepatic veins with the IVC numerically.

scholarly journals Basic principles of ultrasound-assisted choice of strategy for targeted infusion therapy

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-15
Author(s):  
O.O. Valenko ◽  
H.V. Akopiane
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Vascular Integrity

Objective. Optimization of fluid therapy in emergency medicine. Materials and methods: 1) conceptual four-phase liquid resuscitation model; 2) conceptual approach of infusion therapy management is based on an assessment of the four main components of haemocirculation: a vascular content, tone and integrity, blood flow; 3) fast bedside ultrasound algorithm for differential diagnosis of shocks and infusion resuscitation protocol using ultrasound of the inferior vena cava (preload assessment) and lungs (early detection of extravascular fluid). Results. Using the selected methods, it is possible to clearly determine the optimal target-oriented infusion strategy depending on the volemic status and the state of hemodynamics, the parameters of which can be estimated using ultrasound: vascular content – inferior vena cava (caliber and breathing variations); vascular tone – caliber of the tibia artery; vascular integrity – loss assessment in the third space (physiological cavities and interstitium of the lungs); blood flow – Doppler Echo. Conclusions. The use of diagnostic ultrasound allows to optimize tissue perfusion, keeping the intravascular fluid volume in a certain range by sorting patients into three categories of fluid management: infusion resuscitation, tested infusion, limiting infusion and early use of vasopressors, which reduces the number of adverse effects and the incidence of complications.

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