On the determination of electron relaxation times and specularity of surface scattering from surface state resonances

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 146-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Surface State ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Surface Scattering ◽  
Electron Relaxation

Determination of polarization relaxation times of atomic levels

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 222-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Adonts ◽  
E. G. Kanetsyan ◽  
M. A. Arzakantsyan
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Times

scholarly journals Single-sided NMR for the measurement of the degree of cross-linking and curing

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Halmen ◽  
Christoph Kugler ◽  
Eduard Kraus ◽  
Benjamin Baudrit ◽  
Thomas Hochrein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Curing Kinetics ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
First Results ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. The degree of cross-linking and curing is one of the most important values concerning the quality of cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X) and the functionality of adhesives and resin-based components. Up to now, the measurement of this property has mostly been time-consuming and usually destructive. Within the shown work the feasibility of single-sided nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for the non-destructive determination of the degree of cross-linking and curing as process monitoring was investigated. First results indicate the possibility of distinguishing between PE-X samples with different degrees of cross-linking. The homogeneity of the samples and the curing kinetics of adhesives can also be monitored. The measurements show good agreement with reference tests (wet chemical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dielectric analysis). Furthermore, the influence of sample temperature on the characteristic relaxation times can be observed.

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