Mössbauer study of the kinetics of simulated corrosion process of iron in chlorinated aqueous solution around room temperature: The hyperfine structure of ferrous hydroxides and Green Rust I

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 1355-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Genin ◽  
Ph. Bauer ◽  
A. A. Olowe ◽  
D. Rezel
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hyperfine Structure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Corrosion Process ◽  
Green Rust ◽  
Mössbauer Study ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals The kinetics of mutarotation in solution

1940 ◽  
Vol 176 (966) ◽  
pp. 352-367 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Arrhenius Equation ◽  
Energy Of Activation ◽  
A Value ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Velocity Coefficient ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
True Energy

The kinetics of the mutarotation of representative reducing sugars from the pentose, hexose and disaccharide series have been investigated polarimetrically over wide temperature ranges in aqueous solution. The dependence of the velocity coefficient, k , upon temperature is fairly well reproduced by an equation of the form ln k = C + ( J/R ) ln T - E/RT . The true energy of activation, E , is found to be some 6000 calories greater than the apparent value afforded by the Arrhenius equation at room temperature. J/R has a value of — 10, which is identified as the number of oscillators contributing to the activation. The constants C, J and E of this equation are discussed, with reference to many reactions, in terms of a theory of unimolecular reactions in solution.

Polymerization of Poly(Itaconic Acid) on Surfaces by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in Aqueous Solution

2001 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Y. Sankhe ◽  
Scott M. Husson ◽  
S. Michael Kilbey
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Layer Growth ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
Organometallic Catalyst ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTPoly(itaconic acid) (PIA) was grown from surface-tethered initiator sites via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The surface-tethered PIA layers were grown from hydroxyl-terminated SAMs capped with initiator molecules of 4-(chloromethyl)-benzoylchloride. This polymerization initiator molecule and a copper-based organometallic catalyst allowed tethered PIA chains to be grown via ATRP at room temperature in aqueous solutions. Ellipsometric studies and external-reflection, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ER-FTIR) confirm the presence and growth of the surface-tethered PIA layer. We describe here how changing the temperature of polymerization alters the layer growth and kinetics of the process, and demonstrate, via ER-FTIR spectroscopy, that these surface-tethered layers do bind cationic dyes through ion-exchange mechanisms.

Investigation of irradiation-induced nucleation processes in silicon and germanium

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 224-225
Author(s):  
Harry A. Atwater ◽  
C.M. Yang ◽  
K.V. Shcheglov
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Initial Distribution ◽  
Engineering Control ◽  
Size Evolution ◽  
Silicon And Germanium ◽  
Ge Quantum Dot ◽  
And Control ◽  
Germanium Quantum Dots ◽  
Kinetics Of

Studies of the initial stages of nucleation of silicon and germanium have yielded insights that point the way to achievement of engineering control over crystal size evolution at the nanometer scale. In addition to their importance in understanding fundamental issues in nucleation, these studies are relevant to efforts to (i) control the size distributions of silicon and germanium “quantum dots𠇍, which will in turn enable control of the optical properties of these materials, (ii) and control the kinetics of crystallization of amorphous silicon and germanium films on amorphous insulating substrates so as to, e.g., produce crystalline grains of essentially arbitrary size.Ge quantum dot nanocrystals with average sizes between 2 nm and 9 nm were formed by room temperature ion implantation into SiO2, followed by precipitation during thermal anneals at temperatures between 30°C and 1200°C[1]. Surprisingly, it was found that Ge nanocrystal nucleation occurs at room temperature as shown in Fig. 1, and that subsequent microstructural evolution occurred via coarsening of the initial distribution.

Comparative Labelling and Biokinetic Studies of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc-DTPA(Sn)

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Agha ◽  
R. B. R. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Reduction Step ◽  
Labelling Yield ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Kinetics Of

SummaryGelchromatography column scanning has been used to study the fractions of 99mTc-pertechnetate, 99mTcchelate and reduced hydrolyzed 99mTc in preparations of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). The labelling yield of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) chelate was as high as 90—95% when 100 μmol EDTA · H4 and 0.5 (Amol SnCl2 was incubated with 10 ml 99mTceluate for 30—60 min at room temperature. The study of the influence of the pH-value on the fraction of 99mTc-EDTA shows that pH 2.8—2.9 gave the best labelling yield. In a comparative study of the labelling kinetics of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc- DTPA(Sn) at different temperatures (7, 22 and 37°C), no significant influence on the reduction step was found. The rate constant for complex formation, however, increased more rapidly with increased temperature for 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). At room temperature only a few minutes was required to achieve a high labelling yield with 99mTc-DTPA(Sn) whereas about 60 min was required for 99mTc-EDTA(Sn). Comparative biokinetic studies in rabbits showed that the maximum activity in kidneys is achieved after 12 min with 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) but already after 6 min with 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). The long-term disappearance of 99mTc-DTPA(Sn) from the kidneys is about five times faster than that for 99mTc-EDTA(Sn).

Kinetics of the Thermal Disappearance of Radicals Formed During the Radiolysis of Aspartic Acid

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Contineanu ◽  
iulia Contineanu ◽  
Ana Neacsu ◽  
Stefan Perisanu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Esr Spectra ◽  
Complex Mechanism ◽  
Radical Species ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
Kinetics Of

The radiolysis of the isomers L-, D- and DL- of the aspartic acid, in solid polycrystalline state, was investigated at room temperature. The analysis of their ESR spectra indicated the formation of at least two radicalic entities. The radical, identified as R3, resulting from the deamination of the acid, exhibits the highest concentration and thermal resistance. Possible mechanisms of formation of three radical species are suggested, based also on literature data. The kinetics of the disappearance of radical R3 indicated a complex mechanism. Three possible variants were suggested for this mechanism.

Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of iron(III) with 6-methyl-2,4-heptanedione and 3,5-heptanedione

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1984-1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Hernando ◽  
Olimpio Montero ◽  
Carlos Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Enol Form ◽  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Kinetic Constants ◽  
Steric Factors ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Mechanism Of The Reaction

The kinetics of the reactions of iron(III) with 6-methyl-2,4-heptanedione and 3,5-heptanedione to form the corresponding monocomplexes have been studied spectrophotometrically in the range 5 °C to 16 °C at I 25 mol l-1 in aqueous solution. In the proposed mechanism for the two complexes, the enol form reacts with the metal ion by parallel acid-independent and inverse-acid paths. The kinetic constants for both pathways have been calculated at five temperatures. Activation parameters have also been calculated. The results are consistent with an associative activation for Fe(H2O)63+ and dissociative activation for Fe(H2O)5(OH)2+. The differences in the results for the complexes of heptanediones studied are interpreted in terms of steric factors.

The Reactivity of Different Active Forms of Sodium Carbonate with Respect to Sulfur Dioxide

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2302-2308
Author(s):  
Karel Mocek ◽  
Erich Lippert ◽  
Emerich Erdös
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Active Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of the reaction of solid sodium carbonate with sulfur dioxide depends on the microstructure of the solid, which in turn is affected by the way and conditions of its preparation. The active form, analogous to that obtained by thermal decomposition of NaHCO3, emerges from the dehydration of Na2CO3 . 10 H2O in a vacuum or its weathering in air at room temperature. The two active forms are porous and have approximately the same specific surface area. Partial hydration of the active Na2CO3 in air at room temperature followed by thermal dehydration does not bring about a significant decrease in reactivity. On the other hand, if the preparation of anhydrous Na2CO3 involves, partly or completely, the liquid phase, the reactivity of the product is substantially lower.

Temperature Effect on the Two-Dimensional Phase Transition Kinetics of Adenine Adsorbed at the Hg Electrode/Aqueous Solution Interface

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1407-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Fontanesi ◽  
Roberto Andreoli ◽  
Luca Benedetti ◽  
Roberto Giovanardi ◽  
Paolo Ferrarini
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Transition Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Solution Interface ◽  
Phase Transition Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of the liquid-like → solid-like 2D phase transition of adenine adsorbed at the Hg/aqueous solution interface is studied. Attention is focused on the effect of temperature on the rate of phase change; an increase in temperature is found to cause a decrease of transition rate.

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