Empirical significance and relevance

Philosophia ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Pascal
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Significance

Assigning Values and States

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Healey
Keyword(s):  
Quantum State ◽  
Density Operator ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Physical Situation ◽  
Born Rule ◽  
Correct Assignment ◽  
Significant Magnitude ◽  
Good Advice ◽  
Empirical Significance ◽  
Important Idea

If a quantum state is prescriptive then what state should an agent assign, what expectations does this justify, and what are the grounds for those expectations? I address these questions and introduce a third important idea—decoherence. A subsystem of a system assigned an entangled state may be assigned a mixed state represented by a density operator. Quantum state assignment is an objective matter, but the correct assignment must be relativized to the physical situation of an actual or hypothetical agent for whom its prescription offers good advice, since differently situated agents have access to different information. However this situation is described, it is true, empirically significant magnitude claims that make the description correct, while others provide the objective grounds for the agent’s expectations. Quantum models of environmental decoherence certify the empirical significance of these magnitude claims while also licensing application of the Born rule to others without mentioning measurement.

scholarly journals Empirical significance, predictive power, and explication

Synthese ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 196 (6) ◽  
pp. 2519-2539
Author(s):  
Jonathan Surovell
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Power ◽  
Empirical Significance

Inward and Outward Foreign Investments of the Asian Economies in Transition and India

2020 ◽  
pp. 694-719
Author(s):  
Ishita Ghosh ◽  
Sukalpa Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
Economies In Transition ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Empirical Significance

This chapter is divided into two parts. The first part examines panel data evidence concerning empirical significance of the determinants of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in CLMV countries. Theoretical and empirical findings and outcomes on FDI have been considered to test the model for the aforementioned nations. The data has been taken from the World Bank through 2005-2014. Findings accept the four proposed hypotheses and the results are significant. The second part explores the trade and FDI situation in CLMV through secondary data, and establishes that India has potential to augment bi-lateral ties through this route. Literature review for this section also corroborates with the findings of the first part.

Philosophy of Economics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaël Cozic
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Economics ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
A Priori ◽  
The Core ◽  
Philosophy Of Economics ◽  
Empirical Significance ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Empirical Methodology ◽  
Recent Extension

Although there are no doubts regarding the impact of economics in society and politics, doubts regarding its epistemological status endure. Does economics provide us with bona fide empirical theories? Are its mathematical models on a par with those of the hard sciences, or is its scientific character exaggerated? This chapter focuses on the key problem of the philosophy of economics: the reconciliation of its claim to empirical significance with what often appears as a non-empirical methodology, favoring deduction from a priori principles and showing little sensitivity to refutation by observation and experiment. Several attempts at answering this problem are considered, both in the Millian tradition and following neo-positivist approaches. Finally, the empirical status of the discipline is put in perspective with its recent extension to new fields of inquiry, such as behavioral economics and neuroeconomics, where experiments seem to be part of the core methodology.

Economics of mixed-species forestry with ecosystem services

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1219-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli Tahvonen ◽  
Janne Rämö ◽  
Mikko Mönkkönen
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Optimal Harvesting ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Continuous Cover Forestry ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Empirical Significance ◽  
Forest Values ◽  
Flexible Management

The Faustmann–Hartman setup is widely established for specifying the economics of forest values besides timber, but it is criticized as restrictive for capturing diversity values. We show that extending the model to cover diversity attributes, i.e., mixed species and internal heterogeneity within species, is not enough to overcome these restrictions. Additionally, it is necessary to extend forest harvesting regimes to cover thinning, continuous cover forestry, and the management of commercially useless trees. Restrictions in the Faustmann–Hartman setup are first shown analytically with optimized thinning but without tree size structures. The empirical significance of these findings is shown by a model that includes four tree species, tree size structures, an extended set of forest management activities, a detailed description of harvesting costs, and a measure for stand diversity as a key factor behind ecosystem services. We show how an optimal harvesting regime, net revenues, wood output, and stand diversity depend on model flexibility, economic parameters, and the valuation of ecosystem services. In a setup allowing flexible management regimes, the costs of reaching a specified level of ecosystem services are negligible compared with those of the Faustmann–Hartman specification.

scholarly journals Playful approaches to news engagement

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-469
Author(s):  
Raul Ferrer-Conill ◽  
Maxwell Foxman ◽  
Janet Jones ◽  
Tanja Sihvonen ◽  
Marko Siitonen
Keyword(s):  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
Empirical Significance ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Crossword Puzzles

From crossword puzzles and quizzes to more complex gamification strategies and serious newsgames, legacy media has long explored ways to deploy playful approaches to deliver their content and engage with the audience. We examine how news and games fit together when news organizations, game creators and news audiences welcome gameful forms of communication and participation. Moreover, we reflect on the theoretical and empirical significance of merging news with games as a way to reformulate normative assumptions, production practices and consumption patterns. As a result, the boundaries between journalism and game’s logics start to erode, and they begin to find new ways of converging.

scholarly journals Investigation on the neurophysiological correlates of similarity cognition of digital interface color and layout

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 168781401880320
Author(s):  
Ya-feng Niu ◽  
Yi Xie ◽  
Cheng-qi Xue ◽  
Hai-yan Wang ◽  
Wen-zhe Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Average Amplitude ◽  
Color Code ◽  
Digital Interface ◽  
Empirical Significance ◽  
The Common ◽  
Enhance Efficiency ◽  
Visual Oddball

To investigate and compare the common features and differences of the cognitive processes, during which interfaces with diverse similarities are evaluated, this article chose the color code and layout forms of digital interface to carry out further research. The study adopted the visual Oddball experimental paradigm that was based on the event-related potential technique and integrated the behavioral and event-related potential data to analyze the neural features of the cognitive process when two coding forms were individually processed. The result reveals that there were P300 components, elicited by the target stimuli, in both of the two experiment sessions. The average amplitude of P300 positively correlates the similarities between the target and standard stimuli, with its latency positively correlating the overall complexity of the stimuli. In the color experiment session, there was apparent visual mismatching negativity around 200 ms after the present of the target, which is related with the early attention. The empirical significance of conclusions drawn in this study is listed as follows: first, it can help to effectively evaluate the usability of guiding features in the digital interfaces through the investigation on visual mismatching negativity elicited in the early attention process; second, the amplitude and latency of the P300 component can be applied in the evaluation and filtering of design schemes, which is based on the similarities perceived in the iterative process and this would enhance efficiency of user interface designers.

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