Economic optimum of water-resource utilization

1968 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 1008-1012
Author(s):  
I. I. Mechitov ◽  
M. I. Gershkovich
Keyword(s):  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Utilization

scholarly journals Water Resource Utilization and Livelihood Adaptations under the Background of Climate Change: A Case Study of Rural Households in the Koshi River Basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan ◽  
Song ◽  
Su ◽  
Peng ◽  
Khatiwada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
College Education ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Water Resource Utilization ◽  
Floods And Droughts

In the Koshi River Basin, the effects of climate change have become clear. Agricultural countries, such as Nepal, depend on farmers’ adaptations to climate change for local sustainable development. Limited livelihood options, unequal access to resources and information, and climate change-related floods and droughts have reduced farmer welfare. Few studies have investigated the effects of altitude in rural areas or examined livelihood adaptation strategies in Nepal. Using a survey of farmers in rural areas at high, middle, and low altitudes in Nepal, this article explores the impacts of climate change-related floods and droughts, as well as the water resource utilization, disaster resilience, and livelihood improvement ability of farmers and the influencing factors. This article adopted participatory rural appraisal to obtain survey data from farmers at three altitudes. Through one-way ANOVA and F-tests, farmers’ perceptions of floods and droughts were analyzed, and through field investigations, their production and water consumption patterns were established. Logistic regressions show that college education, farming income, and domestic water consumption have the strongest impacts on households’ disaster resilience, while non-farm income, male laborer rates, and college education have the strongest impacts on households’ abilities to improve livelihoods. Based on our results, we offer countermeasures and suggestions on education, gender equality, and rural infrastructure construction.

scholarly journals Study on the Evolution of Water Resource Utilization Efficiency in Tibet Autonomous Region and Four Provinces in Tibetan Areas under Double Control Action

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhui Ding ◽  
Zixuan Zhang ◽  
Fengping Wu ◽  
Xiangyi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Water Utilization ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Tibet Autonomous Region ◽  
Water Resource Utilization

Tibet is the province with the largest international rivers and water resource reserves in China. However, due to its special ecological environment, the utilization of water resources has become an inevitable problem. Considering the undesirable outputs in water resource utilization, the Super-efficiency Slack-based Measure (SE-SBM) model is used to measure water utilization efficiency of Tibet and the Tibetan areas (four provinces where Tibetan areas are located) from 2006 to 2016. The mixed and random panel Tobit model is used to investigate the driving factors of water efficiency and a horizontal comparison between provinces is made on this basis. The results show that the water utilization efficiency of Tibet and the Tibetan areas in four provinces shows a “U-shaped” trend. The water utilization efficiency of most provinces is greater than or close to 1 and the water utilization efficiency of each province shows a constant convergence trend. Environmental regulation and technological innovation have a significant positive effect on water utilization efficiency. Urbanization and foreign direct investment (FDI) have a significant negative effect on water utilization efficiency. Per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and water resource endowment have no significant effect on water utilization efficiency. It is necessary to select a new type of urbanization suitable for the Tibetan Plateau, eliminate the backward production capacity, high water consumption, or high emissions industries, and to strengthen the research and development of water-saving and emission-reduction technology innovation in Tibet.

scholarly journals Research on evaluation of China's water-resource utilization efficiency based on DEA-Tobit two-stage model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Water Resource Utilization ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Resource Utilization Efficiency

Abstract In the paper, Data Envelopment Analysis Tobit (DEA-Tobit) two-stage model was used to evaluate the efficiency of water-resource utilization, and regional differences and influencing factors water-resource utilization were analyzed. The results of the analysis of regional differences show that China's water-use efficiency is relatively low. Only Beijing, Shanghai, and Fujian have water-use efficiency higher than 0.8, whereas most other provinces and cities have an efficiency 0.3–0.8, there are regional differences in water-resource utilization efficiency in China, with the eastern region being higher than the central and western regions. The analysis of the influencing factors of regional differences in water-use efficiency found that per capita water resources, per capita domestic water use, and the proportion of primary and secondary industries all have a negative impact on the efficiency of water use, and per capita GDP has a positive impact on the efficiency of water use. Agricultural water consumption, industrial water consumption, domestic water consumption, and total ecological water consumption all have a negative impact on water-resource utilization efficiency, of which water consumption and industrial water consumption have a greater impact. Technological level and water-resource utilization efficiency have shown a significant positive correlation.

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