The effect of sulfur on the response of cotton to urea under alkali soil conditions in pot experiments

1981 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Nasseem ◽  
A. K. Nasrallah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Alkali Soil ◽  
Pot Experiments

scholarly journals Dynamics of Spring Regrowth and Comparative Production Performance of 50 Autumn-Sown Alfalfa Cultivars in the Coastal Saline Soil of North China

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1436
Author(s):  
Shichao Wang ◽  
Dong Fang ◽  
Asif Ameen ◽  
Xiaolin Li ◽  
Kai Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
North China ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Alkali Soil ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Rainfed Conditions

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) production is affected by many factors, including management practices, soil conditions, and the environmental elements of the target area. Varietal differences, in terms of agronomic performance and forage yield, among 50 alfalfa cultivars under six harvest systems following regrowth were evaluated during the growing season of 2019–2020 under non-irrigated rainfed conditions in a coastal saline-alkali soil region of North China. Days to harvesting, plant height, canopy area, growth rate, and forage yield were assessed to rank the cultivars. Furthermore, the key factor influencing the regrowth of the second year after over-wintering was identified based on the growth status before over-wintering by using the Boston Matrix method. Results showed significant (p < 0.05) differences among cultivars and harvests regarding plant height, canopy area, and forage yield. Alfalfa forage yield ranged between 24.2 t ha−1 yr−1 and 32.7 t ha−1 yr−1. The highest forage yield was obtained in cultivar Guochan No.1, and was lowest in cultivar Magnum 601. Forage yield reached the greatest values for the first harvest, and then decreased gradually and changed stably. The forage yield of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth harvest ranged from 3.4 t ha−1 to 4.3 t ha−1 (averaged across 50 cultivars), which represented 10.8% to 15.2% of the annual total forage production. We also observed that forage yield correlated strongly, but negatively, with the growth rate. According to subordinate function value analysis, Womu No.1, WL440HQ, Weston, Surprise, and WL354HQ proved optimum cultivars for general cultivation in this coastal area. In future, development of alfalfa cultivars with improved regrowth and tolerance to heavy saline-alkali soil and early spring drought would be necessary to increase forage yield under rainfed conditions in coastal saline-alkali areas of North China.

Effects of Soil Amendments on Coastal Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and the Growth of Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Bin Huang ◽  
Zai Jin Sun ◽  
Zhao Hua Lu
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Alkali Soil

Soil salinization is one of the major land degradation types and has greatly influenced sustainable agricultural development. Interest is growing in the use of soil amendments to reclaim saline and sodic soils. According to the practical soil conditions in the Yellow River Delta and the special characteristics of the coastal saline soil, in order to find the effects of combined applications of desulfurization gypsum, humic acid and polyacrylamide on saline-alkali soil, pot experiment was conducted to analyze the chemical properties and plant yields. L8(27) design was selected to engage in orthogonal experiment with first class interaction of three factors at two levels. The results demonstrated that applying soil amendments significantly increase the total salt content, decreased the soil pH and SAR. The effect on treatment 8(30g/kg desulfurization gypsum , 2g/ kg of humic acid , 0.025g/kg PAM) was the most significant, cotton soil pH and SAR decreased to 7.63 and 7.22, corn soil pH and SAR decreased to 7.57 and 7.34. The effects of soil amendments on crop growth showed that the treatment 7, combination of soil amendments (30g/kg desulfurization gypsum ,2g/ kg of humic acid , 0.01g/kg PAM) could promote the growth of cotton most significantly. Compared with the control, plant height, leaf area fresh weight and dry weight increased 33.4%,41.7%,82.2% and 237.8% respectively. The combination 8 of soil amendments (30g/kg FGD gypsum, 2g/ kg of humic acid ,0.025g/kg PAM) could promote the growth of corn most significantly. Compared with the control, plant height, leaf area fresh weight and dry weight increased 20.7%, 35.9%, 49.9%和47.9% respectively. There was no significant interaction between the three soil amendments.

scholarly journals Leymus chinensis Tolerates Mowing Disturbance by Maintaining Photosynthesis in Saline-Alkali Heterogeneous Habitats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nan Lu ◽  
Luhao Qu ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Jiyun Yang ◽  
Long Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Plant ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Alkali Soil ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitats ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Plant Photosynthesis ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Strong Disturbance

Leymus chinensis is a perennial rhizomatous clonal plant with strong tolerance to mowing, grazing, drought, and salt-alkali. However, with patchy soil environment, how mowing affect the photosynthesis of L. chinensis in heterogeneous patches is largely unknown. In this experiment, we tested the effects of mowing intensity (0, 35%, and 70% removal of aboveground biomass) on plant photosynthesis under different heterogeneous patches with different saline-alkali soil. We found that moderate concentrations of salt-alkali under heterogeneous patches have no significant effect on the photosynthesis of L. chinensis. Moderate mowing can maintain photosynthesis under no heterogeneity soil and moderate salt-alkali patch condition. In addition, heavy mowing and high salt-alkali soil under heterogeneous patches both inhibited net photosynthetic rate (PN) and transpiration rate (E), reduced leaf area, and plant height. L. chinensis responded to extreme soil conditions and strong disturbance by increasing water-use efficiency (WUE), reducing relative water content (RWC), and changing stomatal conductance (Gsw). Therefore, our results imply that moderate grazing or mowing can be used to maintain the productivity and economic benefits of grassland when the soil heterogeneous patches with moderate saline-alkali conditions.

Triple test cross analysis in three barley populations under saline-alkali soil conditions

1983 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. Tripathi ◽  
M. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Triple Test Cross ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Alkali Soil ◽  
Triple Test ◽  
Randomized Block Design

SUMMARYOne hundred and eighty triple test cross families arising from three barley crosses (C 164 x EB 1556, BG 25 x NP 21 and BH 15 x RD 103) were grown in two blocks of a randomized-block design in saline-alkali soil prepared in micro-plots. The families were evaluated for number of days from sowing to heading, plant height, number of tillers per plant, ear length, number of grains per ear, 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant. The cross BG 25 x NP 21 showed epistasis only for number of days toheading and number of grains per ear; in contrast, epistasis was present in all traits in BH 15 x RD 103. In cross C 164 x EB 1556, epistasis was detected for plant height, ear length and number of grains per ear. Thus, epistasis appears to be related to specific cross combination. The ‘j and l’ type epistasis was more pronounced than the ‘i’ type. Early generation selection may be used for number of days to heading which Exhibited epistasis marginally with preponderance of additive gene effects, while for the remaining traits selection should be deferred till an advanced generation.

The methodological approach for the determination of the pressure of artificial raindrops as a question of the theory of splash soil erosion

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Mihail Zver'kov
Keyword(s):  
Block Diagram ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
Rain Drops ◽  
Artificial Rain ◽  
The Impact

To the article the results of the theoretical and experimental researches are given on questions of estimates of the dynamic rate effect of raindrop impact on soil. The aim of this work was to analyze the current methods to determine the rate of artificial rain pressure on the soil for the assessment of splash erosion. There are the developed author’s method for calculation the pressure of artificial rain on the soil and the assessment of splash erosion. The study aims to the justification of evaluation methods and the obtaining of quantitative characteristics, prevention and elimination of accelerated (anthropogenic) erosion, the creation and the realization of the required erosion control measures. The paper considers the question of determining the pressure of artificial rain on the soil. At the moment of raindrops impact, there is the tension in the soil, which is called vertical effective pressure. It is noted that the impact of rain drops in the soil there are stresses called vertical effective pressure. The equation for calculation of vertical effective pressure is proposed in this study using the known spectrum of raindrops. Effective pressure was 1.4 Pa for the artificial rain by sprinkler machine «Fregat» and 5.9 Pa for long distance sprinkler DD-30. The article deals with a block diagram of the sequence for determining the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. This diagram was created by the author’s method of calculation of the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. The need for an integrated approach to the description of the artificial rain impact on the soil is noted. Various parameters characterizing drop erosion are considered. There are data about the mass of splashed soil in the irrigation of various irrigation machinery and installations. For example, the rate (mass) of splashed soil was 0.28…0.78 t/ha under irrigation sprinkler apparatus RACO 4260–55/701C in the conditions of the Ryazan region. The method allows examining the environmental impact of sprinkler techniques for analyzes of the pressure, caused by raindrops, on the soil. It can also be useful in determining the irrigation rate before the runoff for different types of sprinkler equipment and soil conditions.

Application of legacy soil data in digital soil mapping for the elaboration of novel, countrywide maps of soil conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Pásztor ◽  
E. Dobos ◽  
G. Szatmári ◽  
A. Laborczi ◽  
K. Takács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Oriented ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Digital Soil Mapping ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Soil Information

The main objective of the DOSoReMI.hu (Digital, Optimized, Soil Related Maps and Information in Hungary) project is to significantly extend the potential, how demands on spatial soil related information could be satisfied in Hungary. Although a great amount of soil information is available due to former mappings and surveys, there are more and more frequently emerging discrepancies between the available and the expected data. The gaps are planned to be filled with optimized digital soil mapping (DSM) products heavily based on legacy soil data, which still represent a valuable treasure of soil information at the present time. The paper presents three approaches for the application of Hungarian legacy soil data in object oriented digital soil mapping.

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