Water stress effects on leaf elongation, leaf water potential, transpiration, and nutrient uptake of rice, maize, and soybean

1987 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Tanguilig ◽  
E. B. Yambao ◽  
J. C. O’toole ◽  
S. K. De Datta
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Leaf Elongation ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Potential Transpiration

INDICATORS OF WATER STRESS IN CORN (Zea mays L.)

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. DWYER ◽  
D. W. STEWART
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Predawn Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Diurnal Patterns ◽  
Potential Transpiration

Greenhouse experiments were conducted to monitor the response of corn (Zea mays L.) to water stress conditions during and following tasselling, and to compare several indicators of water stress. Daily measurements of soil water content and of evaporative demand were made. The degree of plant water stress was indicated by estimates of minimum daily stomatal resistance, comparison of estimated actual and potential transpiration rates, diurnal patterns of leaf water potential and predawn leaf water potentials taken on lower leaves. Analysis of the series of measurements necessary to estimate minimum daily stomatal resistance, actual to potential transpiration rate ratios, and diurnal patterns of leaf water potential identified periods of relative water stress. The simpler and less time-consuming measurement of predawn leaf water potential compared favorably with these other indicators of water stress. We therefore suggest that predawn leaf water potential is an appropriate diagnostic measurement of water stress with promise for irrigation scheduling, particularly for crops in which irrigation is important for a short but critical period.Key words: Leaf water potential, stomatal resistance, transpiration, vapor pressure deficit, soil water deficit

scholarly journals Interactions between leaf water potential, stomatal conductance and abscisic acid content of orange trees submitted to drought stress

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara de Menezes de Assis Gomes ◽  
Ana Maria Magalhães Andrade Lagôa ◽  
Camilo Lázaro Medina ◽  
Eduardo Caruso Machado ◽  
Marcos Antônio Machado
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
Abscisic Acid Content

Thirty-month-old 'Pêra' orange trees grafted on 'Rangpur' lemon trees grown in 100 L pots were submitted to water stress by the suspension of irrigation. CO2 assimilation (A), transpiration (E) and stomatal conductance (g s) values declined from the seventh day of stress, although the leaf water potential at 6:00 a.m. (psipd) and at 2:00 p.m. (psi2) began to decline from the fifth day of water deficiency. The CO2 intercellular concentration (Ci) of water-stressed plants increased from the seventh day, reaching a maximum concentration on the day of most severe stress. The carboxylation efficiency, as revealed by the ratio A/Ci was low on this day and did not show the same values of non-stressed plants even after ten days of rewatering. After five days of rewatering only psi pd and psi2 were similar to control plants while A, E and g s were still different. When psi2 decreases, there was a trend for increasing abscisic acid (ABA) concentration in the leaves. Similarly, stomatal conductance was found to decrease as a function of decreasing psi2. ABA accumulation and stomatal closure occurred when psi2 was lower than -1.0 MPa. Water stress in 'Pera´ orange trees increased abscisic acid content with consequent stomatal closure and decreased psi2 values.

Effects of water stress and soil type on photosynthesis, leaf water potential and yield of olive trees (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali Sfax)

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ben Rouina ◽  
A. Trigui ◽  
R. d'Andria ◽  
M. Boukhris ◽  
M. Chaïeb
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Olive Trees

In Tunisia, olives are grown under severe rain-fed, arid conditions. To determine the behaviour of olive trees (cv. Chemlali Sfax) during the severe drought affecting Tunisian arid areas in 2002, a range of physiological parameters were investigated in three adjacent orchards. Two olive orchards were rain-fed, one located on a sandy soil, and the other on a sandy-loam clay soil. A third orchard was also located on sandy soil, but received remedial irrigation (415 mm of water per year; ~40% of olive evapotranspiration). Predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd) did not fall below –1.52 MPa for irrigated olive trees. However, a large decrease in Ψpd was observed for rain-fed olive trees in the same period with Ψpd measured at about –3.2 MPa on sandy soil and –3.6 MPa on sandy-loam clay soil. At the same time, the minimal leaf water potential recorded at midday (Ψmin) decreased to –4.15 MPa and –4.71 MPa in the rain-fed trees for sandy and sandy-loam clay soil, respectively. For irrigated trees, the Ψmin was –1.95 MPa. These results were associated with relative water content, which varied from 80% for irrigated trees to 54 and 43.6%, respectively, for rain-fed trees and trees subjected to severe drought. In August, when the relative water content values were less than 50%, a progressive desiccation in the outer layer of canopy and death of terminal shoots were observed in trees, which grew on the sandy-loam clay soil. Furthermore, low soil water availability also affected (negatively) the net photosynthetic rate in rain-fed orchards (10.3 µmol/m2.s for irrigated trees v. 5.3 µmol/m2.s in rain-fed trees on sandy soil) and stomatal conductance (98.5 mmol/m2.s v. 69.3 mmol/m2.s). However, it improved water use efficiency (7.6 v. 4.7 µmol CO2/mmol H2O), which increased by more than 50% in both groups of rain-fed trees compared with the irrigated ones. We can conclude that olive trees respond to drought by showing significant changes in their physiological and biological mechanisms. These results also help our understanding of how olive trees cope with water stress in the field and how marginal soils can restrict growth and lower yields.

scholarly journals The importance of cuticular permeance in assessing plant water–use strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-432
Author(s):  
Matthew Lanning ◽  
Lixin Wang ◽  
Kimberly A Novick
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Stomatal Control ◽  
Plant Water Use ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Accurate understanding of plant responses to water stress is increasingly important for quantification of ecosystem carbon and water cycling under future climates. Plant water-use strategies can be characterized across a spectrum of water stress responses, from tight stomatal control (isohydric) to distinctly less stomatal control (anisohydric). A recent and popular classification method of plant water-use strategies utilizes the regression slope of predawn and midday leaf water potentials, σ, to reflect the coupling of soil water availability (predawn leaf water potential) and stomatal dynamics (daily decline in leaf water potential). This type of classification is important in predicting ecosystem drought response and resiliency. However, it fails to explain the relative stomatal responses to drought of Acer sacharrum and Quercus alba, improperly ranking them on the spectrum of isohydricity. We argue this inconsistency may be in part due to the cuticular conductance of different species. We used empirical and modeling evidence to show that plants with more permeable cuticles are more often classified as anisohydric; the σ values of those species were very well correlated with measured cuticular permeance. Furthermore, we found that midday leaf water potential in species with more permeable cuticles would continue to decrease as soils become drier, but not in those with less permeable cuticles. We devised a diagnostic parameter, Γ, to identify circumstances where the impact of cuticular conductance could cause species misclassification. The results suggest that cuticular conductance needs to be considered to better understand plant water-use strategies and to accurately predict forest responses to water stress under future climate scenarios.

Carbon dioxide enrichment and water stress interaction on growth of two tomato cultivars

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Paez ◽  
H. Hellmers ◽  
B. R. Strain
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Total Leaf

SummaryIf atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration continues to increase, plant growth and crop yield could be affected. New Yorker and Better Boy cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) were used to investigate possible intraspecific variation in the response of crop species to increased CO2. Because precipitation and temperature are predicted to change with the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration, the response of the two cultivars to the interaction between CO2 and water stress was also examined. Seeds of the two cultivars were germinated and grown under controlled environmental conditions, in either 350 or 675 μ1 CO2/1.The plant water status of the two cultivars was inherently different but was little affected by the CO2 concentration when the plants were well watered. When water was withheld for 5 days the total leaf water potential and osmotic potential decreased in both CO2 treatments but less rapidly in high CO2 than in low. Under low CO2 total leaf water potential decreased to a lower value than osmotic potential. The differences were due, at least in part, to the reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration rate under high CO2.Increased CO2 ameliorated the detrimental effects of drought stress on plant growth. The results indicate that increased CO2 could differentially affect the relative drought resistance of species cultivars.

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