Comparative effects on biliary concanavalin A-bound glycoproteins and calcium ion on cholesterol crystal nucleation and growth in model bile

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazushi Teramen ◽  
Susumu Tazuma ◽  
Toshihide Ohya ◽  
Goro Kajiyama
Keyword(s):  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Cholesterol Crystal ◽  
Model Bile

scholarly journals Lecithin hydrophobicity modulates the process of cholesterol crystal nucleation and growth in supersaturated model bile systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 318 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenori OCHI ◽  
Susumu TAZUMA ◽  
Goro KAJIYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Cholesterol Crystal ◽  
Egg Yolk Phosphatidylcholine ◽  
Bile Cholesterol ◽  
Model Bile

The present study was performed to determine whether the degree of lecithin hydrophobicity regulates bile metastability and, therefore, affects the process of cholesterol crystallization. Supersaturated model bile (MB) solutions were prepared with an identical composition on a molar basis (taurocholate/lecithin/cholesterol, 73:19.5:7.5; total lipid concentration 9 g/dl) except for the lecithin species; egg yolk phosphatidylcholine, soybean phosphatidylcholine, 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-phosphatidylcholine, dilinoleoyl phosphatidylcholine and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine. Each MB solution was incubated and sequentially examined. Video-enhanced contrast microscopy demonstrated that the rate of vesicular aggregation and fusion correlated with the degree of lecithin hydrophobicity, and that the rate of cholesterol crystal nucleation correlated with the degree of lecithin hydrophilicity. In MBs containing less hydrophobic lecithin, needle-like crystals developed and transformed into mature plate-like crystals, whereas classical plate-like crystals were consistently observed in MBs composed of hydrophobic lecithin. Laser-diffraction particle size analysis demonstrated that the increase in lecithin hydrophobicity enlarged the vesicle dimension, enhancing its cholesterol-holding capacity. Correlation between vesicular cholesterol packing density and lecithin hydrophobicity suggests that the process of bile cholesterol nucleation and growth is regulated, in part, by acyl chain unsaturation in lecithin. Since the composition of biliary lecithins is responsive to dietary manipulations, this study provides new insights into the prevention of cholesterol gallstones.

scholarly journals Partial characterization of the mechanism(s) whereby apolipoprotein A-1 inhibits cholesterol crystal nucleation in the supersaturated model bile systems.

Kanzo ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1132-1137
Author(s):  
Seishi TAO ◽  
Susumu TAZUMA ◽  
Shigeki MIZUNO ◽  
Harutoshi SASAKI ◽  
Hiroshi SAGAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Partial Characterization ◽  
Cholesterol Crystal ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Model Bile

scholarly journals Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Crystal Nucleation near Interfaces in Incompatible Polymer Blends

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Wenlin Zhang ◽  
Lingyi Zou
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Crystalline Order ◽  
Mobile Species ◽  
Deep Supercooling ◽  
Crystallizable Polymer ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

We apply molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate crystal nucleation in incompatible polymer blends under deep supercooling conditions. Simulations of isothermal nucleation are performed for phase-separated blends with different degrees of incompatibility. In weakly segregated blends, slow and incompatible chains in crystallizable polymer domains can significantly hinder the crystal nucleation and growth. When a crystallizable polymer is blended with a more mobile species in interfacial regions, enhanced molecular mobility leads to the fast growth of crystalline order. However, the incubation time remains the same as that in pure samples. By inducing anisotropic alignment near the interfaces of strongly segregated blends, phase separation also promotes crystalline order to grow near interfaces between different polymer domains.

scholarly journals Crystal nucleation and growth kinetics of NaF in photo-thermo-refractive glass

2013 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Dyamant ◽  
A.S. Abyzov ◽  
V.M. Fokin ◽  
E.D. Zanotto ◽  
J. Lumeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Membrane-protein crystals for neutron diffraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1208-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Lykke-Møller Sørensen ◽  
Samuel John Hjorth-Jensen ◽  
Esko Oksanen ◽  
Jacob Lauwring Andersen ◽  
Claus Olesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Neutron Source ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Protein Crystals ◽  
Macromolecular Crystallography ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
Potential Impact

Neutron macromolecular crystallography (NMX) has the potential to provide the experimental input to address unresolved aspects of transport mechanisms and protonation in membrane proteins. However, despite this clear scientific motivation, the practical challenges of obtaining crystals that are large enough to make NMX feasible have so far been prohibitive. Here, the potential impact on feasibility of a more powerful neutron source is reviewed and a strategy for obtaining larger crystals is formulated, exemplified by the calcium-transporting ATPase SERCA1. The challenges encountered at the various steps in the process from crystal nucleation and growth to crystal mounting are explored, and it is demonstrated that NMX-compatible membrane-protein crystals can indeed be obtained.

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