Peroxidase and leucine-aminopeptidase in diploidMedicago species closely related to alfalfa: Multiple gene loci, multiple allelism, and linkage

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Quiros ◽  
K. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Multiple Gene ◽  
Multiple Allelism

New insights into heparan sulphate biosynthesis from the study of mutant mice

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine L. R. Merry ◽  
John T. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Heparan Sulphate ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Multiple Gene ◽  
Adhesion Proteins ◽  
Ligand Interactions

Heparan sulphate (HS) is an essential co-receptor for a number of growth factors, morphogens and adhesion proteins. The biosynthetic modifications involved in the generation of a mature HS chain may determine the strength and outcome of HS–ligand interactions. These modifications are catalysed by a complex family of enzymes, some of which occur as multiple gene products. Various mutant mice have now been generated, which lack the function of isolated components of the HS biosynthetic pathway. In this discussion, we outline the key findings of these studies, and use them to put into context our own work concerning the structure of the HS generated by the Hs2st-/- mice.

Quantification of small-scale heterogeneity in aquatic aminopeptidase activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 127-140
Author(s):  
BM Gaas ◽  
JW Ammerman
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
Aminopeptidase Activity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Analysis Instrument ◽  
Sequential Samples ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) is one of the enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of peptides, and is sometimes used to indicate potential nitrogen limitation in microbes. Small-scale variability has the potential to confound interpretation of underlying patterns in LAP activity in time or space. An automated flow-injection analysis instrument was used to address the small-scale variability of LAP activity within contiguous regions of the Hudson River plume (New Jersey, USA). LAP activity had a coefficient of variation (CV) of ca. 0.5 with occasional values above 1.0. The mean CVs for other biological parameters—chlorophyll fluorescence and nitrate concentration—were similar, and were much lower for salinity. LAP activity changed by an average of 35 nmol l-1 h-1 at different salinities, and variations in LAP activity were higher crossing region boundaries than within a region. Differences in LAP activity were ±100 nmol l-1 h-1 between sequential samples spaced <10 m apart. Variogram analysis indicated an inherent spatial variability of 52 nmol l-1 h-1 throughout the study area. Large changes in LAP activity were often associated with small changes in salinity and chlorophyll fluorescence, and were sensitive to the sampling frequency. This study concludes that LAP measurements in a sample could realistically be expected to range from zero to twice the average, and changes between areas or times should be at least 2-fold to have some degree of confidence that apparent patterns (or lack thereof) in activity are real.

Proof for Multiple Allelism of Sex-Differentiating Factors in Habrobracon

1943 ◽  
Vol 77 (773) ◽  
pp. 539-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabelle B. Horn
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Allelism

scholarly journals Antibiotic tolerance is associated with a broad and complex transcriptional response in E. coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather S. Deter ◽  
Tahmina Hossain ◽  
Nicholas C. Butzin
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulatory Network ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Transcriptional Networks ◽  
Antibiotic Tolerance ◽  
Multiple Gene ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory ◽  
Antibiotic Efficacy

AbstractAntibiotic treatment kills a large portion of a population, while a small, tolerant subpopulation survives. Tolerant bacteria disrupt antibiotic efficacy and increase the likelihood that a population gains antibiotic resistance, a growing health concern. We examined how E. coli transcriptional networks changed in response to lethal ampicillin concentrations. We are the first to apply transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) analysis to antibiotic tolerance by leveraging existing knowledge and our transcriptional data. TRN analysis shows that gene expression changes specific to ampicillin treatment are likely caused by specific sigma and transcription factors typically regulated by proteolysis. These results demonstrate that to survive lethal concentration of ampicillin specific regulatory proteins change activity and cause a coordinated transcriptional response that leverages multiple gene systems.

scholarly journals THE SPECIFICITY OF LEUCINE AMINOPEPTIDASE

1949 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 1209-1223
Author(s):  
Emil L. Smith ◽  
W.J. Polglase
Keyword(s):  
Leucine Aminopeptidase

scholarly journals Artificial complementary chromatic acclimation gene expression system in Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Ariyanti ◽  
Kazunori Ikebukuro ◽  
Koji Sode
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Multiple Gene ◽  
Gene Expression System ◽  
Chromatic Acclimation

Abstract Background The development of multiple gene expression systems, especially those based on the physical signals, such as multiple color light irradiations, is challenging. Complementary chromatic acclimation (CCA), a photoreversible process that facilitates the control of cellular expression using light of different wavelengths in cyanobacteria, is one example. In this study, an artificial CCA systems, inspired by type III CCA light-regulated gene expression, was designed by employing a single photosensor system, the CcaS/CcaR green light gene expression system derived from Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, combined with G-box (the regulator recognized by activated CcaR), the cognate cpcG2 promoter, and the constitutively transcribed promoter, the PtrcΔLacO promoter. Results One G-box was inserted upstream of the cpcG2 promoter and a reporter gene, the rfp gene (green light-induced gene expression), and the other G-box was inserted between the PtrcΔLacO promoter and a reporter gene, the bfp gene (red light-induced gene expression). The Escherichia coli transformants with plasmid-encoded genes were evaluated at the transcriptional and translational levels under red or green light illumination. Under green light illumination, the transcription and translation of the rfp gene were observed, whereas the expression of the bfp gene was repressed. Under red light illumination, the transcription and translation of the bfp gene were observed, whereas the expression of the rfp gene was repressed. During the red and green light exposure cycles at every 6 h, BFP expression increased under red light exposure while RFP expression was repressed, and RFP expression increased under green light exposure while BFP expression was repressed. Conclusion An artificial CCA system was developed to realize a multiple gene expression system, which was regulated by two colors, red and green lights, using a single photosensor system, the CcaS/CcaR system derived from Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, in E. coli. The artificial CCA system functioned repeatedly during red and green light exposure cycles. These results demonstrate the potential application of this CCA gene expression system for the production of multiple metabolites in a variety of microorganisms, such as cyanobacteria.

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