Crack-stability analysis and fracture toughness of ceramic bend bars with a modified circular cross section

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
K. Cho ◽  
I. Bar-On
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Crack Stability

Simpler Estimation of Fracture Toughness during Material Development, Process Optimization and Quality Control of Structural Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 736 ◽  
pp. 192-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalyan Kumar Ray
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Process Optimization ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Structural Materials ◽  
Microalloyed Steels ◽  
Material Development

Existing standard International methods to estimate fracture toughness of structural materials as documented in ASTM standard E-1820 are neither appropriate for material development due to the requirement of considerable volume nor suitable for process optimizations like deciding suitable heat treatment or for quality control of tonnage materials at the stage of production due to techno-economic reasons owing to their time-consuming nature. This report overviews several investigations often in their feasibility stage and aims to suggest a common solution to all these problems considering measurement of fracture toughness (KIVM) using chevron notched bend bar specimens with either rectangular cross-section (RC) or circular cross-section (CC). At the outset the theoretical background for obtaining KIVMRC and KIVMCC and the corresponding normalized stress intensity factors are discussed in order to illustrate the relatively simpler principle of estimation of fracture toughness. The usefulness of this technique is next illustrated using a number of examples related to: (a) design of small specimens for fracture toughness determination using this principle (b) optimization of the volume fraction of the constituent phases in dual phase steels, (c) design of heat treatment for cast rolls, (d) optimization of cryotreatment for tool steels and (e) study of the effect of inclusions on toughness characteristics of microalloyed steels. The examples related to (a) is for demonstrating the capability of this technique for material development, that related to (b), (c) and (d) are to illustrate its potential for process optimization and the one related to (e) is to illustrate its potential for quality control of tonnage materials.

scholarly journals Stability Analysis and Support Design of Imam Reza Tunnel in Ardabil Sarcham Road by Numerical Methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Afradi ◽  
Siamak Rezazadeh
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Initial Structure ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
The Impact

Geological structures and performance of the geodynamic processes can affect engineering projects on their own.  Hence, the stability analysis and designing methods for foreseeing the retaining and support system for tunnels are diverse and came from different points of view. So this study seeks to present stability analysis of Imam Reza tunnel in Ardabil Sarcham Road with a special focus on the impact of future earthquakes on its stability using numerical methods. In this study, first designing and operating the initial structure with the height of 5.5 m and a semi-circular cross section.  Secondly, drilling with the height of 3m and the width of 7.34 m and with a rectangle cross section. For stabilization, Rock Mass Rating (RMR) geomechanical classification systems and methods used. At the stabilization level, the materials were examined in laboratory, regarding the properties of sides and roof of the tunnel and pressure on them.  The results of physical and mechanical experiments shown that the compressive strength ranged from 400 kg/cm2 to 500 kg/cm2 on average. The elastic modulus is between 12 and 13 GPa for the rocks. The Cohesion (C) ranged from 4-5MPa to 5 MPa and the Angle of Internal Friction (φ) is between 60ᵒ and 50ᵒ.

SAF file: It's really three dimensional file

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Prof. Dr. Jamal Aziz Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Circular Motion ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Metal Core ◽  
Rotating Blade

The biological objectives of root canal treatment have not changed over the recentdecades, but the methods to attain these goals have been greatly modified. Theintroduction of NiTi rotary files represents a major leap in the development ofendodontic instruments, with a wide variety of sophisticated instruments presentlyavailable (1, 2).Whatever their modification or improvement, all of these instruments have onething in common: they consist of a metal core with some type of rotating blade thatmachines the canal with a circular motion using flutes to carry the dentin chips anddebris coronally. Consequently, all rotary NiTi files will machine the root canal to acylindrical bore with a circular cross-section if the clinician applies them in a strictboring manner

CARPENTER STAINLESS 304+B

Alloy Digest ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Neutron Absorption ◽  
Absorption Cross ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Conventional Type ◽  
Neutron Absorption Cross Section

Abstract Carpenter Stainless 304+B is similar to conventional Type 304 with the addition of boron to give it a much higher thermal neutron absorption cross-section than other austenitic stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SS-121. Producer or source: Carpenter.

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