On the characterization of quasiarithmetic means with weight function

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Páles
Keyword(s):  
Weight Function ◽  
Quasiarithmetic Means

scholarly journals Characterization of the equality of Cauchy means to quasiarithmetic means

2020 ◽  
Vol 484 (1) ◽  
pp. 123700
Author(s):  
Rezső L. Lovas ◽  
Zsolt Páles ◽  
Amr Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Quasiarithmetic Means ◽  
Cauchy Means

scholarly journals Hysteresis in soil hydraulic conductivity as driven by salinity and sodicity – a modeling framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1993-2008
Author(s):  
Isaac Kramer ◽  
Yuval Bayer ◽  
Taiwo Adeyemo ◽  
Yair Mau
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Weight Function ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Sodic Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Different Soils

Abstract. Declining soil-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) as a result of saline and sodic irrigation water is a major cause of soil degradation. While it is understood that the mechanisms that lead to degradation can cause irreversible changes in Ks, existing models do not account for hysteresis between the degradation and rehabilitation processes. We develop the first model for the effect of saline and sodic water on Ks that explicitly includes hysteresis. As such, the idea that a soil's history of degradation and rehabilitation determines its future Ks lies at the center of this model. By means of a “weight” function, the model accounts for soil-specific differences, such as clay content. The weight function also determines the form of the hysteresis curves, which are not restricted to a single shape, as in some existing models for irreversible soil processes. The concept of the weight function is used to develop a reversibility index, which allows for the quantitative comparison of different soils and their susceptibility to irreversible degradation. We discuss the experimental setup required to find a soil's weight function and show how the weight function determines the degree to which Ks is reversible for a given soil. We demonstrate the feasibility of this procedure by presenting experimental results showcasing the presence of hysteresis in soil Ks and using these results to calculate a weight function. Past experiments and models on the decline of Ks due to salinity and sodicity focus on degradation alone, ignoring any characterization of the degree to which declines in Ks are reversible. Our model and experimental results emphasize the need to measure “reversal curves”, which are obtained from rehabilitation measurements following mild declines in Ks. The developed model has the potential to significantly improve our ability to assess the risk of soil degradation by allowing for the consideration of how the accumulation of small degradation events can cause significant land degradation.

scholarly journals Hysteresis in soil hydraulic conductivity as driven by salinity and sodicity: a modeling framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Kramer ◽  
Yuval Bayer ◽  
Taiwo Adeyemo ◽  
Yair Mau
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Weight Function ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Sodic Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Different Soils

Abstract. Declines in soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) as a result of saline and sodic irrigation water are a major cause of soil degradation. While it is understood that the mechanisms that lead to degradation can cause irreversible changes in Ks, existing models do not account for hysteresis between the degradation and rehabilitation processes. We develop the first model for the effect of saline and sodic water on Ks that explicitly includes hysteresis. As such, the idea that a soil's history of degradation and rehabilitation determines its future Ks lies at the center of our model. By means of a weight function, the model accounts for soil specific differences, such as clay content. The weight function also determines the form of the hysteresis curves, which are not restricted to a single shape, as in some existing models for irreversible soil processes. The concept of the weight function is used to develop a reversibility index, which allows for the quantitative comparison of different soils and their susceptibility to irreversible degradation. We discuss the experimental setup required to find a soil's weight function and show how the weight function determines the degree to which Ks is reversible, for a given soil. We demonstrate the feasibility of this procedure by presenting novel experimental results showcasing the presence of hysteresis in soil Ks, and using these results to calculate a weight function. Past experiments and models on the decline of Ks due to salinity and sodicity focus on degradation alone, ignoring any characterization of the degree to which declines in Ks are reversible. Our model and experimental results emphasize the need to measure reversal curves, obtained from rehabilitation measurements following mild declines in Ks. The developed model has the potential to significantly improve our ability to assess the risk of soil degradation, by allowing for the consideration of how the accumulation of small degradation events can cause significant land degradation.

Elementary Superalgebras

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 673-682
Author(s):  
Bo Hou ◽  
Shilin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Function ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
Hochschild Homology ◽  
Trace Function ◽  
Finite Global Dimension ◽  
Finite Dimensional ◽  
Complete Set

Let Λ be a finite-dimensional superalgebra over a field K. A characterization of an elementary superalgebra Λ is given by a quiver and a weight function. It is shown that Λ is elementary if and only if its Hochschild extension is elementary. Furthermore, if Λ is elementary of finite global dimension and {e1, …, en} is a complete set of gr-primitive orthogonal idempotents of Λ, then the following equalities hold: [Formula: see text] where ΦΛ is the Coxeter matrix of Λ, tr is the trace function of a matrix, HHi(Λ) and HHi(Λ) are the i-th Hochschild homology and cohomology, respectively.

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

AEM analysis of crystallization in Ti-based amorphous alloys

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
A.R. Pelton ◽  
A.F. Marshall ◽  
Y.S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Amorphous Matrix ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Amorphous Films ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties

Amorphous materials are of current interest due to their desirable mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. Furthermore, crystallizing amorphous alloys provides an avenue for discerning sequential and competitive phases thus allowing access to otherwise inaccessible crystalline structures. Previous studies have shown the benefits of using AEM to determine crystal structures and compositions of partially crystallized alloys. The present paper will discuss the AEM characterization of crystallized Cu-Ti and Ni-Ti amorphous films.Cu60Ti40: The amorphous alloy Cu60Ti40, when continuously heated, forms a simple intermediate, macrocrystalline phase which then transforms to the ordered, equilibrium Cu3Ti2 phase. However, contrary to what one would expect from kinetic considerations, isothermal annealing below the isochronal crystallization temperature results in direct nucleation and growth of Cu3Ti2 from the amorphous matrix.

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