Tentative identification of an unusual naturally-occurring polyenoic fatty acid by calculations from precision open-tubular GLC and structural element retention data

1974 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Ackman ◽  
A. Manzer ◽  
J. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyenoic Fatty Acid ◽  
Retention Data ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Tentative Identification ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Effect of Resin Components on the Reversion Process of Sulfur-Vulcanized Guayule Rubber

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 800-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Sloan ◽  
Michael J. Maghochetti ◽  
Walter X. Zukas
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Abstract An effort to characterize the reversion process of guayule rubber when naturally-occurring guayule resin components are present has shown that these components act as a reversion-retarding material. The amount of reversion resistance varies as a function of temperature, concentration, and type of fatty acid. Of the three fatty acids used, linoleic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid, linoleic acid performed the best for reversion resistance, followed by stearic acid, then oleic acid. When the temperature was increased 10°C, an increase of 15% reversion was observed. This held true for the three temperatures studied. In addition, the amount of reversion improvement upon addition was 20% reversion. In the case of curing at 150°C, this resulted in 0% reversion. The 20% resistance improvment was consistent for the 3 temperatures studied.

Inhibition of de novo Fatty-Acid Biosynthesis in Isolated Chloroplasts by the Antibiotic Cerulenin and Its Synthetic Derivatives

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd List ◽  
Andrea Golz ◽  
Wilhelm Boland ◽  
Hartmut K. Lichtenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Isolated Chloroplasts

The antibiotic cerulenin was shown to be a potent dose-dependent inhibitor of de novo fattyacid biosynthesis in intact isolated chloroplasts of different plants (measured as [14C]acetate incorporation into the total fatty-acid fraction). Various chemical derivatives of cerulenin were synthesized and tested in the chloroplast assay-system of oat, spinach and pea. Modifications of the hydrocarbon chain of cerulenin (e.g. tetrahydro-cerulenin and its short-chain cis-2,3-epoxy-4-oxoheptanamide derivative) decreased the inhibitory activity of cerulenin, whereas variations of the epoxy-oxo-amide structural element led to a complete loss of inhibition potency. The results indicate that the naturally occurring antibiotic cerulenin is the most active specific inhibitor of de novo fatty-acid biosynthesis, but the formation of the hydroxylactam ring seems to be an essential requirement for the inhibitory activity. Those structural analogues of cerulenin, which can no longer form a hydroxylactam ring, do not possess any inhibitory capacity.

A Flexible Route to (5R)-Thiolactomycin, a Naturally Occurring Inhibitor of Fatty Acid Synthesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (22) ◽  
pp. 3859-3862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill M. McFadden ◽  
Gojeb L. Frehywot ◽  
Craig A. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Plasma carnitine in fasting neonatal and adult northern elephant seals

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. E570-E574
Author(s):  
S. H. Adams ◽  
D. P. Costa ◽  
S. C. Winter
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mirounga Angustirostris ◽  
Elephant Seals ◽  
Plasma Carnitine ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Northern Elephant Seals ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
The Impact

Maintenance of adequate body carnitine stores is a requisite for fasting mammals, whose energy is derived mainly from free fatty acid oxidation. The impact of longterm fasting on carnitine status is unclear, and there have been no reports of carnitine during naturally occurring fasts. Total (TC), free (FC), and acylated (AC) plasma carnitine levels were determined in 10 weaned and 11 adult northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) during natural fasts lasting from 1 to 3 mo. In pups, TC declined little and AC increased only slightly [P greater than 0.05, analysis of variance (ANOVA)] through 11 wk of fasting. Plasma FC dropped by 53 and 26% from week 1 values at 10 and 11 wk fasting, respectively (P = 0.014, ANOVA). The AC/FC ratio did not approach 1.0 until 7 wk of fasting. TC was 38.6 +/- 1.4 microM and 47.6 +/- 4.1 microM in adult females and males, respectively. Adult AC/FC ratios were 0.71 +/- 0.10 (females) and 0.08 +/- 0.04 (males). Plasma TC status is not negatively affected by extended fasting in adult and weaned northern elephant seals. These data support the hypothesis that fasting northern elephant seals defend plasma TC and maintain an attenuated AC/FC ratio well into their prolonged natural fast.

Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) and medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) concentrations in human milk consumed by infants born at different gestational ages and the variations in concentration during lactation stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1869-1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyue Dai ◽  
Tinglan Yuan ◽  
Xinghe Zhang ◽  
Qin Zhou ◽  
Huiya Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Short-chain fatty acids and medium-chain fatty acids (4:0, 6:0 and 8:0) are naturally occurring in human milk triacylglycerol and are present in highest amounts in mature full-term infant milk (1.47 ± 0.66 mg g−1 fat).

scholarly journals Capsaicin, nonivamide and trans-pellitorine decrease free fatty acid uptake without TRPV1 activation and increase acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase activity in Caco-2 cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Rohm ◽  
Annett Riedel ◽  
Jakob P. Ley ◽  
Sabine Widder ◽  
Gerhard E. Krammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme

The effects of capsaicin, nonivamide,trans-pellitorine and vanillin as the basic structural element of all vanilloids on the mechanisms of intestinal fatty acid uptake in differentiated intestinal Caco-2 cells were studied.

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