Plasminogen modulation of IL-1-stimulated degradation in bovine and human articular cartilage explants. The role of the endogenous inhibitors: PAI-1,α 2-antiplasmin,α 1-PI,α 2-macroglobulin and TIMP

1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 464-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Oleksyszyn ◽  
A. J. Augustine
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Endogenous Inhibitors ◽  
Pai 1

scholarly journals Clonal growth of human articular cartilage and the functional role of the periosteum in chondrogenesis

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brittberg ◽  
E. Sjögren-Jansson ◽  
M. Thornemo ◽  
B. Faber ◽  
A. Tarkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Clonal Growth ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage

Study on Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Materials for Improving the Performance of Artificial Articular Cartilage

2013 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou Jiang Yuan ◽  
Zhou Jian Wei ◽  
Xia Zhen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects

Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel has compatibility and biomechanical properties of human articular cartilage similar and good biological. The implantation in the human body can replace part of articular cartilage, which plays the role of bearing and alleviate the impact force. It has the prospect of clinical application. This paper introduces the research progress of polyvinyl alcohol hydro-gel materials. And compared with the characteristics of articular cartilage, clarify the possibility of repair of articular cartilage defects of the materials.

scholarly journals Functional roles of COMP and TSP-4 in articular cartilage and their relevance in osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kathrin Maly
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Superficial Zone ◽  
Ecm Proteins ◽  
Healthy Cartilage

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slowly progressing disease, resulting in the degradation of cartilage and the loss of joint functionality. The cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) is degraded and undergoes remodelling in OA progression. Chondrocytes start to express degrading proteases but are also reactivated and synthesise ECM proteins. The spectrum of these newly synthesised proteins and their involvement in OA specific processes and cartilage repair is hardly investigated. Human articular cartilage obtained from OA patients undergoing knee replacement surgery was evaluated according to the OARSI histopathology grading system. Healthy, non-OA cartilage samples were used as controls. The expression and distribution of thrombospondin-4 (TSP-4) and the closely related COMP were analysed on the gene level by PCR and on the protein level by immunohistology and immunoblot assays. The potential of TSP-4 as a diagnostic marker was evaluated by immunoblot assays, using serum samples from OA patients and healthy individuals. The functional role of both proteins was further investigated in in vitro studies using chondrocytes isolated from femoral condyles of healthy pigs. The effect of COMP and TSP-4 on chondrocyte migration and attachment was investigated via transwell and attachment assays, respectively. Moreover, the potential of COMP and TSP-4 to modulate the chondrocyte phenotype by inducing gene expression, ECM protein synthesis and matrix formation was investigated by immunofluorescence staining and qPCR. The activation of cartilage relevant signalling pathways was investigated by immunoblot assays. These results showed for the first time the presence of TSP-4 in articular cartilage. Its amount dramatically increased in OA compared to healthy cartilage and correlated positively with OA severity. In healthy cartilage TSP-4 was primarily found in the superficial zone while it was wider distributed in the middle and deeper zones of OA cartilage. The amount of specific TSP-4 fragments was increased in sera of OA patients compared to healthy controls, indicating a potential to serve as an OA biomarker. COMP was ubiquitously expressed in healthy cartilage but degraded in early as well as re-expressed in late-stage OA. The overall protein levels between OA severity grades were comparable. Contrary to TSP-4, COMP was localised primarily in the upper zone of OA cartilage, in particular in areas with severe damage. COMP could attract chondrocytes and facilitated their attachment, while TSP-4 did not affect these processes. COMP and TSP 4 were generally weak inducers of gene expression, although both could induce COL2A1 and TSP-4 additionally COL12A1 and ACAN after 6 h. Correlating data were obtained on the protein level: COMP and TSP-4 promoted the synthesis and matrix formation of collagen II, collagen IX, collagen XII and proteoglycans. In parallel, both proteins suppressed chondrocyte hypertrophy and dedifferentiation by reducing collagen X and collagen I. By analysing the effect of COMP and TSP-4 on intracellular signalling, both proteins induced Erk1/2 phosphorylation and TSP-4 could further promote Smad2/3 signalling induced by TGF-β1. None of the two proteins had a direct or modulatory effect on Smad1/5/9 dependent signalling. In summary, COMP and TSP-4 contribute to ECM maintenance and repair by inducing the expression of essential ECM proteins and suppressing chondrocyte dedifferentiation. These effects might be mediated by Erk1/2 phosphorylation. The presented data demonstrate an important functional role of COMP and TSP-4 in both healthy and OA cartilage and provide a basis for further studies on their potential in clinical applications for OA diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals eNAMPT Is Localised to Areas of Cartilage Damage in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis and Promotes Cartilage Catabolism and Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6719
Author(s):  
Ashleigh M. Philp ◽  
Sam Butterworth ◽  
Edward T. Davis ◽  
Simon W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteases ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Obesity increases the risk of hip osteoarthritis (OA). Recent studies have shown that adipokine extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT or visfatin) induces the production of IL-6 and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in chondrocytes, suggesting it may promote articular cartilage degradation. However, neither the functional effects of extracellular visfatin on human articular cartilage tissue, nor its expression in the joint of hip OA patients of varying BMI, have been reported. Hip OA joint tissues were collected from patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. Cartilage explants were stimulated with recombinant human visfatin. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and MMPs were measured by ELISA and Luminex. Localisation of visfatin expression in cartilage tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. Cartilage matrix degradation was determined by quantifying proteoglycan release. Expression of visfatin was elevated in the synovial tissue of hip OA patients who were obese, and was co-localised with MMP-13 in areas of cartilage damage. Visfatin promoted the degradation of hip OA cartilage proteoglycan and induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, MCP-1, CCL20, and CCL4) and MMPs. The elevated expression of visfatin in the obese hip OA joint, and its functional effects on hip cartilage tissue, suggests it plays a central role in the loss of cartilage integrity in obese patients with hip OA.

scholarly journals Aggrecan degradation in human articular cartilage explants is mediated by both ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruo-Hua Song ◽  
Micky D. Tortorella ◽  
Anne-Marie Malfait ◽  
James T. Alston ◽  
Zhiyong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage

ROLE OF TNFα, IN RELATION TO IL-1 AND IL-6 IN THE PROTEOGLYCAN TURNOVER OF HUMAN ARTICULAR CARTILAGE

Rheumatology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. WILBRINK ◽  
J. J. NIETFELD ◽  
W. DEN OTTER ◽  
J. L. A. M. VAN ROY ◽  
J. W. J. BIJLSMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage

scholarly journals Progenitor Cells Activated by Platelet Lysate in Human Articular Cartilage as a Tool for Future Cartilage Engineering and Reparative Strategies

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonetta Carluccio ◽  
Daniela Martinelli ◽  
Maria Elisabetta Federica Palamà ◽  
Rui Cruz Pereira ◽  
Roberto Benelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Articular Chondrocytes ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Platelet Lysate ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage

Regenerative strategies for human articular cartilage are still challenging despite the presence of resident progenitor cell population. Today, many efforts in the field of regenerative medicine focus on the use of platelet derivatives due to their ability to reactivate endogenous mechanisms supporting tissue repair. While their use in orthopedics continues, mechanisms of action and efficacy need further characterization. We describe that the platelet lysate (PL) is able to activate chondro-progenitor cells in a terminally differentiated cartilage tissue. Primary cultures of human articular chondrocytes (ACs) and cartilage explants were set up from donor hip joint biopsies and were treated in vitro with PL. PL recruited a chondro-progenitors (CPCs)-enriched population from ex vivo cartilage culture, that showed high proliferation rate, clonogenicity and nestin expression. CPCs were positive for in vitro tri-lineage differentiation and formed hyaline cartilage-like tissue in vivo without hypertrophic fate. Moreover, the secretory profile of CPCs was analyzed, together with their migratory capabilities. Some CPC-features were also induced in PL-treated ACs compared to fetal bovine serum (FBS)-control ACs. PL treatment of human articular cartilage activates a stem cell niche responsive to injury. These facts can improve the PL therapeutic efficacy in cartilage applications.

Outgrowth of chondrocytes from human articular cartilage explants and expression of α‐smooth muscle actin

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Qiu ◽  
Martha Meaney Murray ◽  
Sonya Shortkroff ◽  
Cynthia R Lee ◽  
Scott D Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Muscle Actin
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