The role of the ascending 5-hydroxytryptaminergic pathways in timing behaviour: further observations with the interval bisection task

M. -Y. Ho; S. S. A. Al-Zahrani; D. N. Velazquez Martinez; M. Lopez Cabrera; C. M. Bradshaw; E. Szabadi

doi:10.1007/bf02246196

New Findings on the Sensitivity of Free-Operant Timing Behaviour to 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor Stimulation

Timing & Time Perception ◽

10.1163/22134468-00002024 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 210-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. Body ◽

T. H. C. Cheung ◽

G. Bezzina ◽

C. L. Hampson ◽

K. C. F. Fone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Receptor Agonist ◽

Weber Fraction ◽

Receptor Stimulation ◽

Mediated Effects ◽

Free Operant ◽

New Findings ◽

Way 100635 ◽

Timing Behaviour ◽

Sb 242084

Timing performance maintained under the free-operant psychophysical procedure (FOPP) is sensitive to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)1A and 5-HT2A receptor stimulation. Agonists of these receptors displace the psychometric function towards shorter durations, reducing , the index of central tendency of timing. Here we report the effects of Ro-600175, a selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist, and mCPP, a 5-HT receptor agonist with high affinity for 5-HT2C receptors and lower affinity for 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B and 5-HT2A receptors, on timing behaviour. Rats were trained under the FOPP to press two levers (A and B) in 50-s trials in which reinforcers were provided intermittently for responding on A in the first half, and B in the second half of the trial. Percent responding on B (%B) was recorded in successive 5-s epochs of the trials; logistic psychometric curves were fitted to the data from each rat under each treatment condition for derivation of timing indices [ (time corresponding to %B = 50%), Weber fraction]. The rats received systemic treatment with Ro-600175, mCPP, and mCPP in combination with antagonists of 5-HT1A (WAY-100635), 5-HT1B (isamoltane), 5-HT2A (MDL-100907) or 5-HT2C (SB-242084) receptors. mCPP (2.5 mg kg−1 i.p.), but not Ro-600175 (1, 2, 4 mg kg−1 i.p.), reduced . SB-242084 (0.6 mg kg−1 i.p.) potentiated mCPP’s effect on . mCPP’s effect on was not altered by isamoltane (8.0 mg kg−1 i.p.), but was attenuated by MDL-100907 (1.0 mg kg−1 i.p.) and WAY-100635 (0.1 mg kg−1 s.c.). The results suggest that mCPP’s effect on timing is mediated by an agonistic action at 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A, but not 5-HT1B, receptors. The role of 5-HT2C receptors is unclear, in view of SB-242084’s ability to potentiate the effect of mCPP, while Ro-600175 had no effect on . The possibility is considered that 5-HT2C receptors may counteract 5-HT1A and/or 5-HT2A receptor-mediated effects on timing performance.

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The Role of Clock and Memory Processes in the Timing of Fear Cues by Humans in the Temporal Bisection Task

Behavioural Processes ◽

10.1016/j.beproc.2019.05.016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 164 ◽

pp. 217-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Erich K. Grommet ◽

Nancy S. Hemmes ◽

Bruce L. Brown

Keyword(s):

Bisection Task ◽

Memory Processes ◽

Temporal Bisection ◽

Temporal Bisection Task

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Knowing your Heart Reduces Emotion-Induced Time Dilation

Timing & Time Perception ◽

10.1163/22134468-bja10016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3-4) ◽

pp. 299-315

Author(s):

Ezgi Özoğlu ◽

Roland Thomaschke

Keyword(s):

Close Relation ◽

Time Dilation ◽

High Arousal ◽

Bisection Task ◽

Temporal Bisection ◽

Dilation Effect ◽

Interoceptive Accuracy ◽

Temporal Bisection Task ◽

Temporal Illusions

Human timing and interoception are closely coupled. Thus, temporal illusions like, for example, emotion-induced time dilation, are profoundly affected by interoceptive processes. Emotion-induced time dilation refers to the effect when emotion, especially in the arousal dimension, leads to the systematic overestimation of intervals. The close relation to interoception became evident in previous studies which showed increased time dilation when participants focused on interoceptive signals. In the present study we show that individuals with particularly high interoceptive accuracy are able to shield their timing functions to some degree from interference by arousal. Participants performed a temporal bisection task with low-arousal and high-arousal stimuli, and subsequently reported their interoceptive accuracy via a questionnaire. A substantial arousal-induced time dilation effect was observed, which was negatively correlated with participants’ interoceptive accuracy. Our findings support a pivotal role of interoception in temporal illusions, and are discussed in relation to neuropsychological accounts of interoception.

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Effects of desipramine and fluvoxamine on timing behaviour investigated with the fixed-interval peak procedure and the interval bisection task

Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1007/bf02247339 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 125 (3) ◽

pp. 274-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. -Y. Ho ◽

S. S. A. Al-Zahrani ◽

D. N. Velazquez Martinez ◽

M. Lopez Cabrera ◽

C. M. Bradshaw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fixed Interval ◽

Bisection Task ◽

Peak Procedure ◽

Timing Behaviour

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Evidence for a role of D1 dopamine receptors in d-amphetamine’s effect on timing behaviour in the free-operant psychophysical procedure

Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1007/s00213-006-0339-x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 185 (3) ◽

pp. 378-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

T. H. C. Cheung ◽

G. Bezzina ◽

K. Asgari ◽

S. Body ◽

K. C. F. Fone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dopamine Receptors ◽

Psychophysical Procedure ◽

Free Operant ◽

D1 Dopamine Receptors ◽

Timing Behaviour

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The Role of the Cerebellum in Subsecond Time Perception: Evidence from Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn.2007.19.1.147 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 147-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Kwang-Hyuk Lee ◽

Paul N. Egleston ◽

Wendy H. Brown ◽

Abigail N. Gregory ◽

Anthony T. Barker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Time Perception ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Psychophysical Function ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Bisection Task ◽

Leftward Shift ◽

Subject Design

In three experiments, we investigated the role of the cerebellum in sub- and suprasecond time perception by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). In Experiment 1, subjects underwent four 8-min 1-Hz rTMS sessions in a within-subject design. rTMS sites were the medial cerebellum (real and sham rTMS), left lateral cerebellum, and right lateral cerebellum. Following each rTMS session, subjects completed a subsecond temporal bisection task (stimuli in the range 400–800 msec). Compared with sham rTMS, rTMS applied over the right lateral or medial cerebellum induced a leftward shift of the psychophysical function (perceived lengthening of time). In Experiment 2, a separate sample of subjects underwent the identical rTMS procedure and completed a suprasecond bisection task (stimuli in the 1000–2000 msec range). In this experiment, rTMS to the cerebellar sites did not produce any significant changes compared with sham rTMS. Experiment 3 employed a within-subject design to replicate findings from Experiments 1 and 2. Subjects underwent four rTMS conditions (sub- and suprabisection tasks following medial cerebellar and sham rTMS). rTMS induced a significant leftward shift of psychophysical function in the subsecond bisection, but not in the suprasecond bisection. In this study, we have demonstrated that transient cerebellar stimulation can differently affect the ability to estimate time intervals below and above a duration of 1 sec. The results of this study provide direct evidence for the role of the cerebellum in processing subsecond time intervals. This study further suggests that the perception of sub- and suprasecond intervals is likely to depend upon distinct neural systems.

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