22–28 Khz ultrasonic vocalizations associated with defensive reactions in male rats do not result from fear or aversion

1993 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Portavella ◽  
Antoine Depaulis ◽  
Marguerite Vergnes
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Defensive Reactions

Ultrasonic vocalizations of defeated male rats.

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Corrigan ◽  
Kevin J. Flannelly
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Male Rats

Ultrasonic vocalizations in male rats following acquisition of copulation-illness associations

1988 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Peters ◽  
Paul C. Koch ◽  
Bonnie L. Blythe ◽  
Kenneth J. Sufka
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Male Rats

Juvenile stress potentiates aversive 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations and freezing during auditory fear conditioning in adult male rats

Stress ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Yee ◽  
Rainer K.W. Schwarting ◽  
Eberhard Fuchs ◽  
Markus Wöhr
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Male Rats

scholarly journals Anticipatory 50-kHz Precontact Ultrasonic Vocalizations and Sexual Motivation: Characteristic Pattern of Ultrasound Subtypes in an Individual Analyzed Profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiktor Bogacki-Rychlik ◽  
Mateusz Rolf ◽  
Michal Bialy
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Sexual Motivation ◽  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Characteristic Pattern ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Copulatory Activity ◽  
Long Evans ◽  
Modulated Signals

We verified the hypothesis of the existence of forms of individual-specific differences in the emission of anticipatory precontact vocalization (PVs) indicating individualization related to sexual experience and motivation in male rats. Long-Evans males were individually placed in a chamber and 50-kHz ultrasounds were recorded during 5-min periods. In experiment 1, PVs were recorded before the introduction of a female in four consecutive sessions during the acquisition of sexual experience. In experiment 2, PVs were analyzed in three groups of sexually experienced males: with the highest, moderate, and the lowest sexual motivation based on previous copulatory activity. In both experiments, the total number of ultrasounds, as well as 14 different specific subtypes, was measured. The ultrasound profiles for each male were created by analyzing the proportions of specific dominant subtypes of so-called 50-kHz calls. We decided that the dominant ultrasounds were those that represented more than 10% of the total recorded signals in a particular session. The number of PVs was positively correlated with the acquisition of sexual experience and previous copulatory efficiency (measured as the number of sessions with ejaculation). Furthermore, PVs showed domination of the frequency modulated signals (complex and composite) as well as flat and short with upward ramp ultrasounds with some individual differences, regardless of the level of sexual motivation. The results show a characteristic pattern of PVs and confirm the hypothesis that the number of PVs is a parameter reflecting the level of sexual motivation.

Ultrasonic vocalizations and aggressive behavior in male rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Takeuchi ◽  
Seiichiro Kawashima
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Male Rats

scholarly journals New insights from 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations to characterize fear responses: relationship with respiration and brain oscillatory dynamics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryne Dupin ◽  
Samuel Garcia ◽  
Julie Boulanger-Bertolus ◽  
Nathalie Buonviso ◽  
Anne-Marie MOULY
Keyword(s):  
Basolateral Amygdala ◽  
Piriform Cortex ◽  
Respiratory Rhythm ◽  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Neural Dynamics ◽  
Fear Response ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fear Behavior

Fear behavior depends on interactions between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the basolateral amygdala (BLA), and the expression of fear involves synchronized activity in theta and gamma oscillatory activities. In addition, freezing, the most classical measure of fear response in rodents, temporally coincides with the development of sustained 4-Hz oscillations in prefrontal-amygdala circuits. Interestingly, these oscillations were recently shown to depend on the animal's respiratory rhythm, supporting the growing body of evidence pinpointing the influence of nasal breathing on brain rhythms. During fearful states, rats also emit 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) which drastically affect respiratory rhythm. However, the relationship between 22-kHz USV, respiration and brain oscillatory activities is still unknown. Yet such information is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of how the different components of fear response collectively modulate rat's brain neural dynamics. Here we trained male rats in an odor fear conditioning task, while recording simultaneously local field potentials in BLA, mPFC and olfactory piriform cortex, together with USV calls and respiration. We show that USV calls coincide with an increase in delta and gamma power and a decrease in theta power. In addition, during USV emission in contrast to silent freezing, there is no coupling between respiratory rate and delta frequency, and the modulation of fast oscillations amplitude relative to the phase of respiration is modified. We propose that sequences of USV calls could result in a differential gating of information within the network of structures sustaining fear behavior, thus potentially modulating fear expression/memory. Significance Statement: While freezing is the most frequently used measure of fear, it is only one amongst the different components of rodents' response to threatening events. USV is another index that gives additional insight into the socioemotional status of an individual. Our study is the first to describe the effects of USV production on rat's brain oscillatory activities in the fear neural network, and to relate some of them to changes in nasal breathing. A better knowledge of the impact of USV calls on brain neural dynamics is not only important for understanding the respective weight of the different components of fear response, but is also particularly relevant for rodent models of human neuropsychiatric disorders, for which socio-affective communication is severely impaired.

Female ultrasonic vocalizations have no incentive value for male rats.

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelke M. S. Snoeren ◽  
Anders Ågmo
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Incentive Value

Effect of chronic variable stress on corticosterone levels and hippocampal extracellular 5-HT in rats with persistent differences in positive affectivity

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karita Raudkivi ◽  
Tanel Mällo ◽  
Jaanus Harro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Positive Emotionality ◽  
Positive Affectivity ◽  
Chronic Variable Stress

Objective: The trait of experiencing positive affect could make a unique contribution to the pathogenesis of affective disorders. Animal models of positive emotionality are scarce but 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in rats have been associated with rewarding experience. We have previously reported that persistent inter-individual differences in expression of 50-kHz USVs (chirps) exist, and that male rats producing fewer 50-kHz USVs are more sensitive to chronic variable stress (CVS). In this study we examined the effect of CVS on extracellular serotonin (5-HT) levels in hippocampus, comparing high-chirping (HC) and low-chirping (LC) rats.Methods: Male rats were classified as HC- and LC-rats on the basis of stable levels of USV response using sessions of tickling-like stimulation. CVS procedure lasted 4 weeks. The administration of citalopram (1 μM) and measurements of levels of 5-HT were done by microdialysis. Corticosterone levels were also measured from trunk blood.Results: Male LC-rats were more sensitive to CVS: the effect of stress on body weight gain was larger and corticosterone levels from full blood were higher in the stressed LC animals as compared to both the unstressed groups and the stressed HC animals. While no baseline differences in extracellular 5-HT levels in hippocampus were found between groups, the increase in extracellular 5-HT levels induced by citalopram was much higher in LC-rats.Conclusion: Chronic stress appears to modify hippocampal 5-HT overflow in rats with low positive affectivity. This finding supports the notion of greater vulnerability to CVS in male rats with low positive affectivity.

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