Commentary on “Drug discrimination is a continuous rather than a quantal process following training on a VI-TO schedule of reinforcement” by Barrett et al.

1994 ◽  
Vol 113 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 300-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Emmett-Oglesby
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discrimination ◽  
Schedule Of Reinforcement

Drug discrimination is a continuous rather than a quantal process following training on a VI-TO schedule of reinforcement

1994 ◽  
Vol 113 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Barrett ◽  
William F. Caul ◽  
Esther M. Huffman ◽  
Randy L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discrimination ◽  
Schedule Of Reinforcement

Drug Discrimination: Applications to Drug Abuse Research: Research Monograph 116

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Glennon ◽  
Torbjorn U. C. Jarbe ◽  
Jerry Frankenheim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Discrimination

Enrichment-Induced Differences in Methamphetamine Drug Discrimination in Rats

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin J. Stairs ◽  
Emily Adams ◽  
Tyson Hickle ◽  
Bard Hovenga ◽  
Brittany Badour
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discrimination

Long-term probability learning with a random schedule of reinforcement.

1968 ◽  
Vol 78 (3, Pt.1) ◽  
pp. 442-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton P. Friedman ◽  
Edward C. Carterette ◽  
Norman H. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Probability Learning ◽  
Schedule Of Reinforcement ◽  
Random Schedule

Impaired discrimination of a subanesthetic dose of ketamine in a maternal immune activation model of schizophrenia risk

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112110297
Author(s):  
Wayne Meighan ◽  
Thomas W Elston ◽  
David Bilkey ◽  
Ryan D Ward
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Drug Discrimination ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Nmda Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Activation Model ◽  
Data Link ◽  
Maternal Immune Activation ◽  
Internal States ◽  
Reliable Methods

Background: Animal models of psychiatric diseases suffer from a lack of reliable methods for accurate assessment of subjective internal states in nonhumans. This gap makes translation of results from animal models to patients particularly challenging. Aims/methods: Here, we used the drug-discrimination paradigm to allow rats that model a risk factor for schizophrenia (maternal immune activation, MIA) to report on the subjective internal state produced by a subanesthetic dose of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine. Results/outcomes: The MIA rats’ discrimination of ketamine was impaired relative to controls, both in the total number of rats that acquired and the asymptotic level of discrimination accuracy. This deficit was not due to a general inability to learn to discriminate an internal drug cue or internal state generally, as MIA rats were unimpaired in the learning and acquisition of a morphine drug discrimination and were as sensitive to the internal state of satiety as controls. Furthermore, the deficit was not due to a decreased sensitivity to the physiological effects of ketamine, as MIA rats showed increased ketamine-induced locomotor activity. Finally, impaired discrimination of ketamine was only seen at subanesthetic doses which functionally correspond to psychotomimetic doses in humans. Conclusion: These data link changes in NMDA responses to the MIA model. Furthermore, they confirm the utility of the drug-discrimination paradigm for future inquiries into the subjective internal state produced in models of schizophrenia and other developmental diseases.

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