On the importance of atmospheric pressure gradients for the generation of external surges in the North Sea

1975 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Timmerman
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

Numerical Models of Tide and Surge Propagation as an Aid to Navigation

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-383
Author(s):  
D. Prandle
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Flood Prediction ◽  
The North ◽  
Astronomical Tide ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Central North Sea

A number of numerical models of various sections of the North Sea have been developed, primarily for flood prediction; these simulate both the propagation of the astronomical tide and the generation and propagation of storm surges. The tides effectively originate in the deep ocean and their propagation into shallow seas can be simulated for an almost infinite period ahead. Surges are generated by the action of wind and pressure gradients, particularly over the shallow sea regions in the northern and central North Sea.

scholarly journals NUMERICAL STORM SURGE FORECASTING

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Manfred Engel
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

The present state of the development of an operative storm surge prediction system in Germany is described. It is based on numerical models of the atmosphere and the North Sea. First simulations of the storm surge on Jan. 3, 1976 yield the result, that the observed water levels along the North Sea coasts can be recalculated quite well using a meteorological input derived from observations, Whereas the forecasted water levels, using the predicted geostrophic winds of the atmospheric model, are too low since the pressure gradients are too weak. A series of storm surge recalculations with observed and predicted meteorological data shall answer the question, wether parameter fits, applied to the predicted wind stress, lead to satisfying results, suitable for practical applications.

scholarly journals Offshore Occurrence of a Migratory Bat, Pipistrellus nathusii, Depends on Seasonality and Weather Conditions

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3442
Author(s):  
Sander Lagerveld ◽  
Bob Jonge Poerink ◽  
Steve C. V. Geelhoed
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Lunar Cycle ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

Bats regularly migrate over the North Sea, but information on the environmental conditions when this occurs is scarce. Detailed information is urgently needed on the conditions under which bats can be expected offshore, as the number of offshore windfarms that can cause fatalities amongst bats in the North Sea is increasing rapidly. We performed ultrasonic acoustic monitoring at multiple nearshore locations at sea between 2012 and 2016 for, in total, 480 monitoring nights. We modelled the offshore occurrence of Nathusius’ pipistrelle in autumn as a function of weather conditions, seasonality, and the lunar cycle using a generalized additive mixed model (GAMM). We investigated which covariates are important using backward selection based on a likelihood ratio test. Our model showed that important explanatory variables for the offshore occurrence of Nathusius’ pipistrelle are seasonality (night in year), wind speed, wind direction, and temperature. The species’ migration is strongest in early September, with east-northeasterly tailwinds, wind speeds < 5 m/s, and temperatures > 15 °C. Lunar cycle, cloud cover, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric pressure change, rain, and visibility were excluded during the model selection. These results provide valuable input to reduce bat fatalities in offshore wind farms by taking mitigation measures.

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