Modulation of swimming speed in the pteropod mollusc,Clione limacina: Role of a compartmental serotonergic system

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Satterlie ◽  
Tigran P. Norekian
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Speed ◽  
Serotonergic System ◽  
Clione Limacina

The role of tryptophan in hepatic encephalopathy

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
C. Aaldijk ◽  
W.W. Van Den Broek ◽  
R.C. Van Der Mast
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Serotonergic System ◽  
Pathogenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Glutamine Synthesis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Tryptophan Uptake

SummaryIn this review the most important hypotheses for the occurrence of the clinical picture of hepatic encephalopathy are discussed. As possible pathogenetic mechanisms are raised: dysfunction of the serotonergic system due to an increased tryptophan uptake in the brain, an elevated intracerebral ammoniac concentration and glutamine synthesis, and a heightened intracerebral GABA-activity.The dysregulation of the serotonergic system as a consequence of the increased intracerebral tryptophan uptake is described as one of the most important pathogenetic mechanisms. The elevated intracerebral ammoniac concentration and the elevated intracerebral glutamine synthesis play in this a facilitating role. The similarity in symptomatology of the clinical picture of HE and the serotonergic syndrome support this hypothesis. Due to contradictory research findings the role of the GABA-ergic system and the occurrence of HE remains unclear.

scholarly journals Affective spectrum disorders and role of serotonergic system of the brain

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Ivana Timotijevic ◽  
Mirjana Todorovic ◽  
Katarina Crnic ◽  
Srdjan Markovic ◽  
Dragana Kastratovic
Keyword(s):  
Serotonergic System ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Brain

Cercarial swimming performance and its potential role as a key variable of trematode transmission

Parasitology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (12) ◽  
pp. 1369-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil J. Morley
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Speed ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Host Searching ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Searching Behaviour ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Using Data

AbstractTrematode transmission in aquatic habitats from molluscan intermediate host to vertebrate or invertebrate target host is typically undertaken by a free-living stage known as cercariae. Active locomotion by cercariae is a key aspect of the transmission process with the swimming speed potentially contributing to infection success. Individual cercarial species swim at different speeds but the significance of this to infection potential has not been determined. This study, using data from the scientific literature, investigates the role of swimming speed in relation to cercarial morphology, host-searching strategies and target host species. Larger cercariae swim faster than smaller ones with tail length being the principal factor controlling locomotion rates. Different cercarial morphotypes swim at different speeds, in particular, furcocercariae, with the exception of the schistosomes, being faster swimmers than mono-tailed cercariae. Host-searching behaviour has a significant influence on swimming speeds with ‘active-searching’ strategies swimming slower than those adopting ‘active-waiting’ or ‘prey mimcry’ strategies. Vertebrate-infecting cercariae swim faster than those infecting invertebrates with species targeting fish demonstrating the highest locomotion rates and those targeting arthropods the slowest speeds. The adaptions of individual cercarial swimming speeds to biological variables and their interactions with the physical processes of aquatic habitats are discussed.

Role of the 5-HT1A Serotonergic System in Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Silymarin

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Solati ◽  
P. Yaghmaei ◽  
K. Mohammdadi
Keyword(s):  
Serotonergic System

scholarly journals The role of the serotonergic system in suicidal behavior

2013 ◽  
pp. 1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaan ◽  
Marta Sadkowski ◽  
Robert Clayden ◽  
Dennis ◽  
Wala ElSheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Serotonergic System

scholarly journals Introduction: Evidence for entheogen use in prehistory and world religions

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Michael Winkelman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Serotonergic System ◽  
Complex Societies ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Serotonergic Receptors ◽  
Hominin Evolution ◽  
The World

This introduction to the special issue reviews research that supports the hypothesis that psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, were central features in the development of religion. The greater response of the human serotonergic system to psychedelics than is the case for chimpanzees’ serotonergic receptors indicates that these substances were environmental factors that affected hominin evolution. These substances also contributed to the evolution of ritual capacities, shamanism, and the associated alterations of consciousness. The role of psilocybin mushrooms in the ancient evolution of human religions is attested to fungiform petroglyphs, rock artifacts, and mythologies from all major regions of the world. This prehistoric mycolatry persisted into the historic era in the major religious traditions of the world, which often left evidence of these practices in sculpture, art, and scriptures. This continuation of entheogenic practices in the historical world is addressed in the articles here. But even through new entheogenic combinations were introduced, complex societies generally removed entheogens from widespread consumption, restricted them in private and exclusive spiritual practices of the leaders, and often carried out repressive punishment of those who engaged in entheogenic practices.

Role of the central serotonergic system in the anticonflict effect of d-AP159

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuyuki Takao ◽  
Tadashi Nagatani ◽  
Ken-Ichi Kasahara ◽  
Shinji Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Serotonergic System ◽  
Anticonflict Effect
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