Peculiarities of the formation of the cold intermediate layer in Black Sea regions with various dynamic conditions

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Kaminskii ◽  
B. B. Kotovshchikov ◽  
A. A. Markov
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Intermediate Layer ◽  
Cold Intermediate Layer ◽  
Dynamic Conditions

scholarly journals Formation and changes of the Black Sea cold intermediate layer

2018 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miladinova ◽  
A. Stips ◽  
E. Garcia-Gorriz ◽  
D. Macias Moy
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Intermediate Layer ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Cold Intermediate Layer

scholarly journals Spatial Characteristics of the Black Sea Cold Intermediate Layer in Summer, 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Morozov ◽  
E. V. Mankovskaya ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Current Velocity ◽  
Intermediate Layer ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Cold Intermediate Layer ◽  
Thermohaline Structure ◽  
Spatial Characteristics

Purpose. The aim of the paper is to study spatial characteristics of the cold intermediate layer (CIL) after its waters were renewed due to the cold winter, using analysis of the data obtained during the Black Sea expedition in June 14 – July 3, 2017 (the 95th cruise of R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky”). Methods and Results. The data both from the CTD-measurements by the SBE911+ probe and the current velocity profile measurements by the Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (LADCP) were used. Isopycnic averaging of the profile ensembles was applied to obtain the averaged characteristics of the water vertical thermohaline structure. During the measurement period, the minimum average temperature of the CIL core was 7.2°C at the density value 14.5 kg/m3. The layer upper boundary (according to the 8°C criterion) corresponded to the density value ~14.3 kg/m3, its lower one – to ~15.0 kg/m3. CIL water formation was most pronounced in the vicinity of the Rim Current, which was clearly seen on the isopycnic surfaces 14.6, and 15.0 kg/m3. According to the measurements, the main mass of CIL waters was identified in the Rim Current and in its right part (on the coast side). The CIL maximum thickness was ~60 m and the vertical position of its core corresponded to the 40–100 m depth. Conclusions. The synchronous profiles of current velocity, temperature, salinity, and density obtained in the Black Sea expedition in summer, 2017 made it possible to analyze the waters thermohaline structure with the regard for real dynamic situation. As a result, the CIL parameters, its spatial scales and position relative to the Rim Current were determined with due regard for the features of the density field structure in summer, 2017. This information can be useful for model verification and numerical experiments aimed at studying the mechanisms and the areas of CIL formation in the Black Sea.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF THE COLD INTERMEDIATE LAYER IN THE SHELF-SLOPE NORTHEASTERN PART ZONE OF THE BLACK SEA

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Kuklev ◽  
A. G. Zatsepin ◽  
O. I. Podymov
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Intermediate Layer ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Cold Intermediate Layer ◽  
Northeastern Part ◽  
Shelf Slope

The paper presents an overview of the existing hypotheses about the formation areas and the distribution mechanisms of the cold intermediate layer (CIL) in the Black Sea. The testing of the statistical hypothesis about the relationship of the CIL parameters in the shelf-slope zone of the Black Sea Northeastern part with the temperature of the atmosphere surface layer in the central part of the eastern cyclonic gyre is performed. The obtained high values of the correlation coefficients (~0.98) confirmed the dependence of the CIL parameters during its formation period from the air temperature over the Northeastern part of the Black Sea. One of the concepts of the “convective-advective” hypothesis by Ovchinnikov and Popov (1987) about approximately 2 months time shift between the processes of cold air masses invasion into the water area of the Black Sea and the developed CIL waters appearance in the coastal zone of the Gelendzhik area is also confirmed.

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