Time budget and activity patterns of the lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus)

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. U. Kurup ◽  
A. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Time Budget ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Macaca Silenus

scholarly journals Seasonal activity pattern of Swamp deer (Rucervus duvaucelii duvaucelii) in Dudhwa National Park, Uttar Pradesh, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaleem Ahmed ◽  
Jamal A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
National Park ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Continuous Feeding ◽  
Swamp Deer

The data on activity pattern and time budget of Swamp deer (Rucervus duvauceli duvauceli) were collected through instantaneous scan sampling from Dudhwa National Park, Uttar Pradesh, India Diurnal activity pattern of Swamp deer showed marked reduction in resting in winter as compared to summer. In winter resting in adult males showed polymodal pattern with peaks occurring at different hours of the day and continued throughout the day without any break. Feeding of adult females in winter and summer seasons showed a polymodal pattern with peaks occurring at different hours of the day without break. In yearling males feeding and resting was observed to occur throughout the day during winter season with peaks occurring between 11:00 to 12:00 hours. Yearling females showed continuous feeding throughout the day with peaks in different times in both the seasons. The seasonal distribution of activity patterns of the fawns showed that feeding was slightly more in summer as compared to winter. In time budget, of the expenditure on different activities, resting accounted for 63.77% and feeding 24.70%. In both the seasons resting was the major portion of their activity. Analysis showed that in all age and sex categories of Swamp deer in the Dudhwa NP, resting dominated on all other activities. The observation on endangered Swamp deer indicates synchronization in activity only in the feeding in the morning and evening hours and resting throughout the day.

A Model of Students' Daily Activity Patterns

1973 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Tomlinson ◽  
N Bullock ◽  
P Dickens ◽  
P Steadman ◽  
E Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Diary Methods ◽  
Typical Day ◽  
Daily Activity Patterns ◽  
Made In

A model is described whose purpose is to predict the distribution of students in different activities and locations during the course of a typical day, depending on the effective restrictions imposed by the spatial distribution of buildings and sites, and by administrative and social constraints on the timing of activities. The model is of an entropy-maximising type; the data against which it is tested are drawn from time budget surveys made in two universities, using diary methods. A series of exploratory experiments made with the model are reported; these are designed to test the effects of alternative planning and administrative policies on activity patterns and the use of facilities.

Size-dependent heating rates determine the spatial and temporal distribution of small-bodied lizards

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Török ◽  
Gábor Herczeg ◽  
Zoltán Korsós
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Joint Effects

AbstractThe rate of heat exchange with the environment is of obvious importance in determining the time budget of behavioural thermoregulation in ectotherms. In small reptiles, heating rate depends mainly on their physical characteristics. We analysed the effect of body size, and the possible joint effects originating from shape and colour differences on heating rate in three small-bodied (0.15-20 g) sympatric lizard species. Heating rate was strongly influenced by body size, while no joint effects with the two other factors were detected. We found that the increase in heating rate with decreasing body size accelerated dramatically below a body weight of 2-3 g. We also analysed associations between body size, seasonal activity patterns and thermal characteristics of the sites where lizards were encountered in the field. Differently sized lizards occurred in thermally different sites and differed in their seasonal activity patterns, both within and among species. Smaller (<2-3 g) lizards occurred in cooler sites and exhibited very low activity during summer. Our results suggest that body size has a considerable influence on the spatial and temporal distribution of extremely small lizards in environments subject to a danger of overheating.

Diurnal activity patterns within female herds of isard around parturition time

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 776-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Pépin ◽  
Christophe Abegg ◽  
Cécile Richard
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Diurnal Activity ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Rupicapra Pyrenaica ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Resting Activity ◽  
Crest Line

We compared diurnal activity patterns of isards (Rupicapra pyrenaica) within female herds around the time of parturition in a Pyrenean reserve. From mid-April to mid-May, i.e., at the end of the gestation period, adult females spent significantly more time foraging (76 vs. 65%) and less time resting than yearlings did. From mid-June to mid-July, after the birth of kids, adult females and yearlings had exactly the same time budget (62% for foraging) and the same activity pattern, with a well-marked resting phase at midday. Analysis of data at 15-min intervals indicated synchronism in activity when animals leave the area by crossing the crest line, or when arriving at their foraging or resting phases. During the 2 first months of their life, kids had a polyphasic diurnal activity pattern characterized by four distinct foraging phases 4 h apart, and three peaks in resting activity between midday and evening. Nevertheless, some behavioural and physiological mechanisms permitted kids to synchronize their activity with that of other herd members.

Effects of habitat, group-size, sex-age class and seasonal variation on the behavioural responses of the mountain nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni) in Munessa, Ethiopia

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon A. Tadesse ◽  
Burt P. Kotler
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Habitat Variables

Abstract:Activity patterns of animals are generally influenced by many factors. We hypothesized that the behavioural responses (i.e. activity time-budget allocated to vigilance, feeding and moving) of mountain nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni) should vary with habitat type, season, group-size and sex-age class. We randomly established a total of 12 permanent walking transects with the aid of a GPS device across three major habitat types used by the mountain nyala (i.e. four transects in each habitat). Following each transect, we conducted focal-animal observations to quantify the time-budget allocated to vigilance, feeding and moving. A total of 119 and 116 focal-animals were assessed in the wet and dry season respectively. Moreover, along each transect, seven habitat variables were collected in systematically laid 109 circular plots each with a 5-m radius (i.e. 31, 41 and 37 plots in the cleared vegetation, plantation and natural forest respectively) in the wet and dry season. We developed behavioural models by correlating the time-budget (i.e. proportion of time vigilance, feeding and moving) of the focal-animals in accordance with habitat variables, group-size and sex-age class. In the wet season, mountain nyala devoted most of their time to vigilance, but they allocated the largest proportion of their time to moving in the dry season. Vigilance differed among the three habitats and was highest in the cleared vegetation during the dry season. Contrary to expectations, adult males were more vigilant than both adult females and sub-adults during the dry season. The behavioural models based on time-budget help to predict how the mountain nyala perceive their environment and trade-off between food acquisition and safety in the wet and dry season. The study also improves our understanding of the adaptive behavioural ecology of the endangered mountain nyala.

Time budget and 24-h temporal rest–activity patterns of captive red deer hinds

2006 ◽  
Vol 101 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 339-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Pépin ◽  
Pierre-Cyril Renaud ◽  
Bertrand Dumont ◽  
Francis Decuq
Keyword(s):  
Red Deer ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Rest Activity

Time Budget and Activity Patterns of Oncilla Cats (Leopardus tigrinus) in Captivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia de Souza Resende ◽  
Glauce Lima e Neto ◽  
Patrícia Gonçalves Duarte Carvalho ◽  
Gabriella Landau-Remy ◽  
Valdir de Almeida Ramos-Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Budget ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
In Captivity
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