Effects of chronic normobaric hypoxic and hypercapnic exposure in rats: Prevention of experimental chronic mountain sickness by hypercapnia

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lincoln ◽  
H. L. Bonkovsky ◽  
Lo -Chang Ou
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Mountain Sickness ◽  
Mountain Sickness

Global REACH 2018: Volume regulation in high-altitude Andeans with and without chronic mountain sickness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Steele ◽  
Michael M. Tymko ◽  
Victoria L. Meah ◽  
Lydia L Simpson ◽  
Christopher Gasho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Chronic Mountain Sickness ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Mountain Sickness

The high-altitude maladaptation syndrome known as chronic mountain sickness (CMS) is characterized by polycythemia and is associated with proteinuria despite unaltered glomerular filtration rate. However, it remains unclear if indigenous highlanders with CMS have altered volume regulatory hormones. We assessed N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT pro-BNP), plasma aldosterone concentration, plasma renin activity, kidney function (urinary microalbumin, glomerular filtration rate), blood volume, and estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (ePASP), in Andean males without (n=14; age=39±11) and with (n=10; age=40±12) CMS at 4330 meters (Cerro de Pasco, Peru). Plasma renin activity (non-CMS: 15.8±7.9 vs. CMS: 8.7±5.4 ng/ml; p=0.025) and plasma aldosterone concentration (non-CMS: 77.5±35.5 vs. CMS: 54.2±28.9 pg/ml; p=0.018) were lower in highlanders with CMS compared to non-CMS, while NT pro-BNP was not different between groups (non-CMS: 1394.9±214.3 vs. CMS: 1451.1±327.8 pg/ml; p=0.15). Highlanders had similar total blood volume (non-CMS: 90±15 vs. CMS: 103±18 ml • kg-1; p=0.071), but Andeans with CMS had greater total red blood cell volume (non-CMS: 46±10 vs. CMS 66±14 ml • kg-1; p<0.01) and smaller plasma volume (non-CMS 43±7 vs. CMS 35±5 ml • kg-1; p=0.03) compared to non-CMS. There were no differences in ePASP between groups (non-CMS 32±9 vs. CMS 31±8 mmHg; p=0.6). A negative correlation was found between plasma renin activity and glomerular filtration rate in both groups (group: r=-0.66; p<0.01; non-CMS: r=-0.60; p=0.022; CMS: r=-0.63; p=0.049). A smaller plasma volume in Andeans with CMS may indicate an additional CMS maladaptation to high-altitude, causing potentially greater polycythemia and clinical symptoms.

International Working Group For Chronic Mountain Sickness

2001 ◽  
pp. 439-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Asmussen ◽  
Luciano Bernardi ◽  
Peter Bärtsch ◽  
Tom Hornbein ◽  
Fabiola Leon-Velarde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Chronic Mountain Sickness ◽  
International Working Group ◽  
Mountain Sickness

Increased hypoxic proliferative response in PBMCs‐derived erythroid progenitor cells of Andean highlanders with Chronic Mountain Sickness

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Bermudez ◽  
Cecilia Anza‐Ramirez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Orrego‐Solano ◽  
Cristina Guerra‐Giraldez ◽  
Francisco C. Villafuerte
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Proliferative Response ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor ◽  
Chronic Mountain Sickness ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor Cells ◽  
Mountain Sickness

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing Uncovers the Genetic Basis of Chronic Mountain Sickness in Andean Highlanders

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Zhou ◽  
Nitin Udpa ◽  
Roy Ronen ◽  
Tsering Stobdan ◽  
Junbin Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Chronic Mountain Sickness ◽  
Mountain Sickness

Role of sex hormones in development of chronic mountain sickness in rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Ou ◽  
G. L. Sardella ◽  
J. C. Leiter ◽  
T. Brinck-Johnsen ◽  
R. P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Hypoxic Exposure ◽  
Chronic Mountain Sickness ◽  
Mountain Sickness

After chronic exposure to hypoxia, Hilltop Sprague-Dawley rats developed excessive polycythemia and severe pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy, signs consistent with human chronic mountain sickness; however, there were gender differences in the magnitude of the polycythemia and susceptibility to the fatal consequence of chronic mountain sickness. Orchiectomy and ovariectomy were performed to evaluate the role of sex hormones in the gender differences in these hypoxic responses. After 40 days of exposure to simulated high altitude (5,500 m; barometric pressure of 370 Torr and inspired Po2 of 73 Torr), both sham-gonadectomized male and female rats developed polycythemia and had increased RV peak systolic pressure and RV hypertrophy. The hematocrit was slightly but significantly higher in males than in females. Orchiectomy did not affect these hypoxic responses, although total ventricular weight was less in the castrated high-altitude rats. At high altitude, the mortality rates were 67% in the sham-operated male rats and 50% in the castrated animals. In contrast, ovariectomy aggravated the high-altitude-associated polycythemia and increased RV peak systolic pressure and RV weight compared with the sham-operated high-altitude female rats. Both sham-operated control and ovariectomized females suffered negligible mortality at high altitude. The present study demonstrated that 1) the male sex hormones play no role in the development of the excessive polycythemia, pulmonary hypertension, and RV hypertrophy during chronic hypoxic exposure or in the associated high mortality and 2) the female sex hormones suppressed both the polycythemic and cardiopulmonary responses in vivo during chronic hypoxic exposure.

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