Peat and solution chemistry responses to CaCO3 application in wetlands next to Woods Lake, New York

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Yavitt ◽  
Timothy J. Fahey
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Solution Chemistry ◽  
Woods Lake

Short-Term Changes in the Acid/Base Chemistry of Two Acidic Lakes Following Calcium Carbonate Treatment

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Fordham ◽  
C. T. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Initial Perturbation ◽  
Acid Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Acidic Lakes ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Rapid Dissolution ◽  
Additional Release ◽  
Woods Lake

Woods Lake and Cranberry Pond, two chronically acidic lakes located in the Adirondack region of New York, USA, were intensively monitored following CaCO3 treatment in May 1985 to evaluate the mechanisms controlling short-term changes in water column chemistry. Immediately following base application (24 h), both lakes responded like systems closed to atmospheric CO2, because the dissolution of very small CaCO3 particles (median diameter 2 μm) exceeded the rate of atmospheric CO2 intrusion. Rapid dissolution of CaCO3 coupled with very low concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) prior to treatment, resulted in pH increases in the upper mixed waters from 4.9 to 9.4 in Woods Lake and from 4.6 to 9.1 in Cranberry Pond, as waters readily became saturated with CaCO3. pH increases were accompanied by stoichiometric increases in dissolved Ca2+, acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), and DIC. Following this initial perturbation, the upper mixed waters equilibrated with atmospheric CO2 over a 4 wk period, facilitating additional release of dissolved Ca2+ and ANC due to dissolution of suspended CaCO3. The amount of CaCO3 that dissolved during the 4 wk immediately following treatment, calculated from Ca2+ budgets, was very high; 86% in Woods Lake and 79% in Cranberry Pond.

Effects of Liming on the Epipelic Algal Community of Woods Lake, New York

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Roberts ◽  
Charles W. Boylen
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
New York State ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Depth Gradient ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Woods Lake ◽  
Depth Zonation ◽  
Zonation Patterns

The biovolume and species composition of algae on the sediment along a depth gradient were determined before and after liming of acidic (pH 4.9), oligotrophic Woods Lake in the Adirondack Park in New York State (Herkimer Co., NY, USA). The epipelic algal community was dominated by diatoms and cyanobacteria prior to and following liming. Distinct depth zonation patterns of community composition were evident and unaffected by CaCO3 addition. Treatment with calcite increased pH from 4.9 to above 9.0, caused ANC to rise from 0 to >400 μeq∙L−1, and immediately reduced overall water clarity which subsequently improved during the summer. There was a significant decrease (p <0.001) in total algal biovolume after liming corresponding to a significant reduction in biovolume of Hapalosiphon pumilus at the deepest sites. Total diatom biovolume was not significantly changed as a result of the addition of calcite; however, a shift in community composition from dominance by Navicula tenuicephala and Fragilaria acidobiontica to dominance by Achnanthes microcephala and Anomoeoneis vitrea was observed following liming.

Element distribution in red spruce (Picearubens) fine roots; evidence for aluminium toxicity at Whiteface Mountain

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1132-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedda Schlegel ◽  
Robert G. Amundson ◽  
Aloys Hüttermann
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Aluminium Toxicity ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
Solution Chemistry ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Ion Distribution ◽  
Root Cortex ◽  
Whiteface Mountain

To determine the element distribution in fine roots of red spruce (Picearubens Sarg.) at a high-elevation decline site on Whiteface Mountain, New York, fine-root samples were collected and analysed by X-ray microanalysis. Aluminium was found in very high concentrations in the root cortex, but could not be detected in stelar tissues. In contrast, magnesium was found only in the central cylinder in low amounts. The calcium concentration in the cortex was low, but was higher in the stele. Aluminium has been shown to interfere with cation uptake by blocking exchange sites in the cortical apoplast. Thus these results strongly suggest that the low foliar magnesium and calcium contents of the declining red spruce trees are driven by aluminium-induced inhibition of magnesium and calcium uptake. Soil solution chemistry, ion distribution in fine roots, and foliar ion contents at Whiteface Mountain were compared with equivalent data from other forest sites as well as with data from controlled studies on spruce seedlings. These data suggest that aluminium toxicity contributes to red spruce decline at Whiteface Mountain.

Hydrology of Two Headwater Lakes in the Adirondack Mountains of New York

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward W. Staubitz ◽  
Phillip J. Zarriello
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
New York State ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Adirondack Mountains ◽  
Granitic Gneiss ◽  
Headwater Lakes ◽  
Hydrologic Balance ◽  
Woods Lake ◽  
Total Inflow

Cranberry Pond and Woods Lake are small, acidic headwater lakes in the west-central Adirondack region of New York State. The lakes differ in size and depth but have similar watershed characteristics. Both watersheds contain thin eolian and sandy till deposits overlying granitic gneiss and have limited capacity to store and transmit groundwater. Total lake inflow was calculated as a residual of a monthly hydrologic balance based on measured precipitation, lake outflow, change in lake storage, and estimated evaporation; surface-water and groundwater inflow to each lake also were estimated. Results indicate that the lakes are hydrologically similar and are dominated by surface-water systems with highly variable runoff that responds rapidly to precipitation. Groundwater, which constituted about 16% of the total inflow to Cranberry Pond and from 31 to 38% of the total inflow to Woods Lake in 1984–86, moves through a shallow flow system that provides little stabilizing influence on the hydrology or water chemistry of the lakes. Error analysis of the hydrologic balance indicated that total annual inflow, calculated as a residual of the hydrologic balance, is accurate to within 12%. Calculated monthly inflow values are subject to greater potential error that ranges up to 46%.

Chemical Response of Lakes Treated with CaCO3 to Reacidification

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles T. Driscoll ◽  
William A. Ayling ◽  
G. F. Fordham ◽  
Leah M. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Acid Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Water Columns ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
Woods Lake ◽  
Dissolution Efficiency ◽  
Hydrologic Inputs ◽  
Mixed Water

The reacidification of two lakes in the Adirondack region of New York treated by CaCO3 application was evaluated. Base treatment resulted in a very high immediate dissolution efficiency in both lakes (78–82%), increasing acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) to values of 450–550 μeq∙L−1. During the fall following manipulation, completely mixed water columns and elevated hydrologic inputs greatly facilitated reacidification, decreasing pH and diluting Ca2+ concentrations. Cranberry Pond effectively reacidified within 7 mo of treatment, while the ANC of Woods Lake decreased to near 0 μeq∙L−1 15 mo after application. In Cranberry Pond, pH values decreased below 5.5 resulting in transport of elevated concentrations of inorganic Al through the lake. Annual ANC budgets suggest that little CaCO3 penetrated to the sediments, limiting long-term release of ANC from sediment dissolution. Hydrolysis of Al, due to the elevated lake pH, served to consume ANC and there is evidence to indicate limited exchange of water column Ca2+ with sediments shortly after treatment followed by release of this Ca2+ during reacidification. However these processes did not significantly accelerate or attenuate the rate of reacidification. The rate of acidification could largely be explained by the flushing of ANC from the lakes by hydrologic inputs.

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