Action of capsular polysaccharide and a polygalacturonate on the development and the virulence of pneumococcus type III

1952 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 190-192
Author(s):  
A. Novelli
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Pneumococcus Type

Mutation in Pneumococcus Type III Affecting Multiple Cistrons Concerned with the Synthesis of Capsular Polysaccharide

1968 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet P. Bernheimer ◽  
Ingbritt E. Wermundsen ◽  
Robert Austrian
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Pneumococcus Type

scholarly journals SEDIMENTATION AND VISCOSITY STUDIES ON THE CAPSULAR AND SOMATIC POLYSACCHARIDES OF PNEUMOCOCCUS TYPE III

1955 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgil L. Koenig ◽  
J. D. Perrings
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Infinite Dilution ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Pneumococcus Type ◽  
Ostwald Viscometer

Sedimentation constants at infinite dilution have been found to be 1.89 and 4.06 for the somatic and capsular polysaccharides, respectively, from pneumococcus Type III. Intrinsic viscosities have been determined for the somatic and capsular polysaccharides of pneumococcus Type III using the Ostwald viscometer. Molecular weights and dimensions have been calculated for the somatic and capsular polysaccharides of pneumococcus Type III assuming the molecules to be prolate ellipsoids of revolution. Values for the somatic polysaccharide are: molecular weight, 26,400; diameter, 0.97 mµ; and length, 36.18 mµ. Values for the capsular polysaccharide are: molecular weight, 171,800; diameter, 1.04 mµ; and length, 177.87 mµ. The molecular weights were calculated for the somatic and capsular polysaccharides of pneumococcus Type III assuming the molecules to be flexible chains. The value of the molecular weight of the somatic polysaccharide is 31,500 and the value for the molecular weight of the capsular polysaccharide is 267,500. The molecules of both the somatic and capsular polysaccharides exhibit high degrees of asymmetry.

scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING THE YIELD OF SPECIFIC ENZYME IN CULTURES OF THE BACILLUS DECOMPOSING THE CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE OF TYPE III PNEUMOCOCCUS

1932 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Dubos
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Free Enzyme ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Specific Substrate ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Enzyme ◽  
Specific Substance

All improved method is described for the preparation, concentration, and purification of a bacterial enzyme capable of decomposing the capsular polysaccharide of Type III Pneumococcus. The cultural conditions for the growth of the specific microorganism must be such that the capsular polysaccharide is completely decomposed before any appreciable amount of free enzyme is released into the medium. This reduces to a minimum the decomposition of the specific substrate by the free enzyme. As a result, a larger part of the specific substance remains as a source of energy for the growing microorganism and less enzyme is lost through inactivation during the course of decomposition of the specific substrate. A marked stimulation of growth and of enzyme production occurs when small amounts of yeast extract are added to the medium and when the cultures are incubated under conditions of increased aeration. Special emphasis is placed upon the fact that, thus far, appreciable amounts of the specific enzyme have been obtained only when the capsular polysaccharide itself, or the aldobionic acid derived from it, was present in the culture medium.

scholarly journals The Serotype of Type Ia and III Group B Streptococci Is Determined by the Polymerase Gene within the Polycistronic Capsule Operon

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (16) ◽  
pp. 4466-4477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald O. Chaffin ◽  
Stephen B. Beres ◽  
Harry H. Yim ◽  
Craig E. Rubens
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Polymerase Gene ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Ia

ABSTRACT Streptococcus agalactiae is a primary cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Essential to the virulence of this pathogen is the production of a type-specific capsular polysaccharide (CPS) that enables the bacteria to evade host immune defenses. The identification, cloning, sequencing, and functional characterization of seven genes involved in type III capsule production have been previously reported. Here, we describe the cloning and sequencing of nine additional adjacent genes, cpsIIIFGHIJKL,neuIIIB, and neuIIIC. Sequence comparisons suggested that these genes are involved in sialic acid synthesis, pentasaccharide repeating unit formation, and oligosaccharide transport and polymerization. The type III CPS (cpsIII) locus was comprised of 16 genes within 15.5 kb of contiguous chromosomal DNA. Primer extension analysis and investigation of mRNA from mutants with polar insertions in their cpsIII loci supported the hypothesis that the operon is transcribed as a single polycistronic message. The translated cpsIII sequences were compared to those of the S. agalactiae cpsIa locus, and the primary difference between the operons was found to reside in cpsIIIH, the putative CPS polymerase gene. Expression of cpsIIIH in a type Ia strain resulted in suppression of CPS Ia synthesis and in production of a CPS which reacted with type III-specific polyclonal antibody. Likewise, expression of the putative type Ia polymerase gene in a type III strain reduced synthesis of type III CPS with production of a type Ia immunoreactive capsule. Based on the similar structures of the oligosaccharide repeating units of the type Ia and III capsules, our observations demonstrated that cpsIaH andcpsIIIH encoded the type Ia and III CPS polymerases, respectively. Additionally, these findings suggested that a single gene can confer serotype specificity in organisms that produce complex polysaccharides.

Initial Studies of the Molecular Basis of Peptide Mimicry of Group B Streptococcal Type III Capsular Polysaccharide

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth H. Pincus ◽  
Stephen R. Lepage ◽  
Robert F. Jung ◽  
Jennifer G. Massey ◽  
Mahesh Jaseja
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Peptide Mimicry ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Polysaccharides and virulence of Burkholderia pseudomallei

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1005-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sarkar-Tyson ◽  
J. E. Thwaite ◽  
S. V. Harding ◽  
S. J. Smither ◽  
P. C. F. Oyston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Type I ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Delayed Time

Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, an infectious disease of humans and animals. Gene clusters which encode capsular polysaccharide (type I O-PS) and LPS (type II O-PS), both of which play roles in virulence, have previously been identified. Here, the identification of two further putative clusters, type III O-PS and type IV O-PS, is reported. Mice challenged with type III O-PS or type IV O-PS mutants showed increased mean times to death (7.8 and 11.6 days) compared to those challenged with wild-type B. pseudomallei (3 days). To investigate the possible roles of polysaccharides in protection, mice were immunized with killed cells of wild-type B. pseudomallei or killed cells of B. pseudomallei with mutations in the O antigen, capsular polysaccharide, type III O-PS or type IV O-PS gene clusters. Immunization with all polysaccharide mutant strains resulted in delayed time to death compared to the naïve controls, following challenge with wild-type B. pseudomallei strain K96243. However, immunization with killed polysaccharide mutant strains conferred different degrees of protection, demonstrating the immunological importance of the polysaccharide clusters on the surface of B. pseudomallei.

PNEUMOCOCCUS TYPE III PNEUMONIA. AN ANALYSIS OF 500 CASES

1936 ◽  
Vol 191 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUSSELL L. CECIL ◽  
NORMAN PLUMMER ◽  
MARSH McCALL
Keyword(s):  
Type Iii ◽  
Pneumococcus Type
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document