On the basic laws of reacting mixtures of structured continua

Meccanica ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Capriz ◽  
Paolo Podio Guidugli
Keyword(s):  
Reacting Mixtures ◽  
Structured Continua

LINEARIZED STEADY MOTION OF PLURI-REACTING MIXTURES

AIAA Journal ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. NAPOLITANO
Keyword(s):  
Steady Motion ◽  
Reacting Mixtures

The reaction of active nitrogen with fluoroethylenes

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (20) ◽  
pp. 2629-2633 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Jones ◽  
Mahmooda G. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Intermediate Species ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Reacting Mixtures

The reactions of active nitrogen with the fluoroethylenes C2H3F, 1,1-C2H2F2, C2HF3, and C2F4 have been investigated in a conventional flow system using a mass spectrometer to detect products and intermediate species. Addition of various gases (H, H2, NH3, CH4, N2O, [Formula: see text], and F) to the reacting mixtures provides evidence that both Hand F atoms play significant roles in the reaction mechanisms, while [Formula: see text] does not. A brief discussion of possible mechanisms is presented.

Fracture in Structured Continua

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Maria Mariano
Keyword(s):  
Structured Continua

scholarly journals Aqueous-phase photochemical oxidation and direct photolysis of vanillin – a model compound of methoxy-phenols from biomass burning

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 27641-27675
Author(s):  
Y. J. Li ◽  
D. D. Huang ◽  
H. Y. Cheung ◽  
A. K. Y. Lee ◽  
C. K. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Model Compound ◽  
Photochemical Oxidation ◽  
Particle Phase ◽  
Organic Mass ◽  
Direct Photolysis ◽  
Volatile Products ◽  
Reacting Mixtures ◽  
Condition B

Abstract. We present here experimental results on aqueous-phase (A) photochemical oxidation (with UV and OH radicals generated from H2O2 photolysis) and (B) direct photolysis (with only UV irradiation) of a methoxy-phenol, vanillin (VL), as a model compound from biomass burning. Both on-line aerosol mass spectrometric (AMS) characterization and off-line chemical analyses were performed. AMS analyses of dried atomized droplets of the bulk reacting mixtures showed that VL almost entirely evaporates during the drying process. Large amounts of organic mass remained in the particle phase after reactions under both conditions. Under condition (A), AMS measured organic mass first increased rapidly and then decreased, attributable to the formation of non-volatile products and subsequent formation of smaller and volatile products, respectively. The oxygen-to-carbon (O:C) ratio of the products reached 1.5 after about 80 min, but dropped substantially thereafter. In contrast, organic mass increased slowly under condition (B). The O:C ratio reached 1.0 after 180 min. In off-line analyses, small oxygenates were detected under condition (A), while hydroxylated products and dimers of VL were detected under condition (B). Particle hygroscopic growth factor (GF) and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity of the reacting mixtures were found to be dependent on both organic volume fraction and the degree of oxygenation of organics. Results show that (1) aqueous-phase processes can lead to the retention of a large portion of the organic mass in the particle phase; (2) once retained, this portion of organic mass significantly changes the hygroscopicity and CCN activity of the aerosol particles; (3) intensive photochemical oxidation gave rise to an O:C ratio as high as 1.5 but the ratio decreased as further oxidation led to smaller and more volatile products; and (4) polymerization occurred with direct photolysis, resulting in high-molecular-weight products of a yellowish color. This study demonstrates that aqueous-phase reactions of a methoxy-phenol can lead to substantial amount of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Given the vast amount of biomass burning input globally, model representation of either the SOA budget or their subsequent effects would not be adequate if the contribution of SOA formation from aqueous-phase reactions of methoxy-phenols is not considered.

Addition of ethane to slowly reacting mixtures of hydrogen and oxygen at 500°C

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (0) ◽  
pp. 189-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Baldwin ◽  
D. E. Hopkins ◽  
R. W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Reacting Mixtures
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