Neurosecretory cells in the ventral nerve cord of leech (Hirudinaria granulosa)

1967 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1055-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells

Projection of FMRFamide-like neuropeptide-producing neurosecretory cells from silkworm brain into ventral nerve cord and retrocerebral complex

2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yong Kim ◽  
Hwa Young Song ◽  
Mi Young Kim ◽  
Pil Don Kang ◽  
Min Ho Cha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Corpus Cardiacum ◽  
Pars Intercerebralis ◽  
Median Region ◽  
The Brain

AbstractUsing immunostaining methodology, we traced the axonal projection of FMRFamide (Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2)-like immunoreactive (LI) medial neurosecretory cells (MNCs) and lateral neurosecretory cells (LNCs) from the brain into the ventral nerve cord (VNC) and retrocerebral complex in Bombyx mori (L.) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). Of the seven pairs of FMRFamide-LI MNCs, one pair extended its axons from the brain pars intercerebralis into the VNC ipsilateral connective where they appeared to terminate. The axons of the remaining MNCs ran through decussation in the brain median region and contralateral nervi corporis cardiaci (NCC) I out of the brain, and eventually innervated the contralateral corpus cardiacum (CC). Axons from the single pair of FMRFamide-LI LNCs projected into the ipsilateral NCC II fused with NCC I without decussation in the brain, and finally terminated in the CC. These results suggest that transport of the FMRFamide-like neuropeptide from may be related to the modulation of functions such as gut contraction in MNCs terminating in the VNC, and regulation of production and/or secretion of specific hormones such as juvenile hormone in MNCs and LNCs terminating in the CC.

Influence of the Supra-oesophageal Ganglion on Posterior Regeneration in Nereis diversicolor

Development ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
R. B. Clark ◽  
D. G. Bonney
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Normal Rate ◽  
Nereis Diversicolor ◽  
The Brain

Hubl (1956) demonstrated that if the supra-oesophageal ganglion of lumbricid oligochaetes is removed at the time of amputation of a number of posterior segments, caudal regeneration is totally inhibited, but if the ganglion is not removed until 24–48 hours after amputation of the posterior segments, regeneration proceeds at the normal rate. A comparable phenomenon may occur in nereid polychaetes. Removal of the prostomium (Casanova, 1955) or, more precisely, of the supra-oesophageal ganglion (Durchon, 1956), retards regeneration but does not prevent it, but as these experiments were performed. On the day following amputation of the posterior segments it is still not certain whether the brain of Nereis is, at any stage, essential for posterior regeneration as it clearly is in lumbricids. In his investigation of Lumbricus and Allolobophora, Hubl (1956) found that neurosecretory cells in the supra-oesophageal ganglion, the b-cells, showed intense secretory activity as soon as the worm was injured and the ventral nerve-cord damaged.

Extracellular filaments in the perineurium of the florida lobster, Panulirus argus

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 784-785
Author(s):  
Roy J. Baerwald ◽  
Lura C. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Panulirus Argus ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Nerve Cords

In arthropods the perineurium surrounds the neuropile, consists of modified glial cells, and is the morphological basis for the blood-brain barrier. The perineurium is surrounded by an acellular neural lamella, sometimes containing scattered collagen-like fibrils. This perineurial-neural lamellar complex is thought to occur ubiquitously throughout the arthropods. This report describes a SEM and TEM study of the sheath surrounding the ventral nerve cord of Panulirus argus.Juvenile P. argus were collected from the Florida Keys and maintained in marine aquaria. Nerve cords were fixed for TEM in Karnovsky's fixative and saturated tannic acid in 0.1 M Na-cacodylate buffer, pH = 7.4; post-fixed in 1.0% OsO4 in the same buffer; dehydrated through a graded series of ethanols; embedded in Epon-Araldite; and examined in a Philips 200 TEM. Nerve cords were fixed for SEM in a similar manner except that tannic acid was not used.

scholarly journals Mutations Affecting Nerve Attachment of Caenorhabditis elegans

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 1611-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Go Shioi ◽  
Michinari Shoji ◽  
Masashi Nakamura ◽  
Takeshi Ishihara ◽  
Isao Katsura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Genetic Loci ◽  
Muscle Attachment ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Ventral Cord ◽  
Excretory Canal

Abstract Using a pan-neuronal GFP marker, a morphological screen was performed to detect Caenorhabditis elegans larval lethal mutants with severely disorganized major nerve cords. We recovered and characterized 21 mutants that displayed displacement or detachment of the ventral nerve cord from the body wall (Ven: ventral cord abnormal). Six mutations defined three novel genetic loci: ven-1, ven-2, and ven-3. Fifteen mutations proved to be alleles of previously identified muscle attachment/positioning genes, mup-4, mua-1, mua-5, and mua-6. All the mutants also displayed muscle attachment/positioning defects characteristic of mua/mup mutants. The pan-neuronal GFP marker also revealed that mutants of other mua/mup loci, such as mup-1, mup-2, and mua-2, exhibited the Ven defect. The hypodermis, the excretory canal, and the gonad were morphologically abnormal in some of the mutants. The pleiotropic nature of the defects indicates that ven and mua/mup genes are required generally for the maintenance of attachment of tissues to the body wall in C. elegans.

Serotonin-induced nitric oxide production in the ventral nerve cord of the earthworm, Eisenia fetida

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiichiro Kitamura ◽  
Yuichi Naganoma ◽  
Haruhito Horita ◽  
Hiroto Ogawa ◽  
Kotaro Oka
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Oxide Production

THE HISTOLOGY OF THE GIANT FIBRE SYSTEM IN THE ABDOMINAL VENTRAL NERVE CORD OF THE DESERT LOCUST

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1163-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Giant Fibre ◽  
Metathoracic Ganglion ◽  
Giant Fibres ◽  
Giant Fibre System

AbstractSchistocerca gregaria possess four neurones of giant fibre proportions within the abdominal ventral nerve cord. These fibres arise from single cell bodies in the terminal ganglionic mass and pass without interruption to the metathoracic ganglion. Fibres become reduced in diameter when passing through a ganglion. Branching of the giant fibres occurs in abdominal ganglia 6 and 7.

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