Characterization of the end products of the hydrolysis of iron in aqueous solution

1994 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Jaén ◽  
Ezequiel Acevedo ◽  
Marcia González
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
End Products ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Cobalt(III) ammine complexes containing acetylpyruvic acid derivatives. I. Preparation and characterization of the complexes

1974 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Hughes ◽  
MJ O'Conner
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Potassium Iodide ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Ammine Complexes ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

When the [Co(en)2(H2O)2]3+ ion is allowed to react with the sodium salt of acetylpyruvic acid or its methyl ester in aqueous solution at 80�C, hydrolysis of the β-diketone occurs and [Co(en)2(ox)]I2 is isolated by the addition of potassium iodide. The method of preparation and characterization of [Co(en)2(ap)]I and [Co(en)2(map)]I2 are described. Reactions involving the corresponding tetraammine and cis-α-triethylenetetramine cobalt(111) complexes are also described.

scholarly journals Characterization of Metabolites during Biodegradation of Hexahydro-1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazine (RDX) with Municipal Anaerobic Sludge

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 2652-2657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalal Hawari ◽  
Annamaria Halasz ◽  
Tamara Sheremata ◽  
Sylvie Beaudet ◽  
Carl Groom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Ring Cleavage ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Liquid Cultures ◽  
End Products ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

ABSTRACT The biodegradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in liquid cultures with municipal anaerobic sludge showed that at least two degradation routes were involved in the disappearance of the cyclic nitramine. In one route, RDX was reduced to give the familiar nitroso derivatives hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine (MNX) and hexahydro-1,3-dinitroso-5-nitro-1,3,5-triazine (DNX). In the second route, two novel metabolites, methylenedinitramine [(O2NNH)2CH2] and bis(hydroxymethyl)nitramine [(HOCH2)2NNO2], formed and were presumed to be ring cleavage products produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of the inner C—N bonds of RDX. None of the above metabolites accumulated in the system, and they disappeared to produce nitrous oxide (N2O) as a nitrogen-containing end product and formaldehyde (HCHO), methanol (MeOH), and formic acid (HCOOH) that in turn disappeared to produce CH4 and CO2 as carbon-containing end products.

Reactions in Activated Peroxide Systems and their Influences on Bleaching Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Jinmei Du ◽  
Changhai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Competitive Reactions ◽  
High Energy Efficiency ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Bleach Activators

Abstract:: Activated peroxide systems are formed by adding so-called bleach activators to aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, developed in the seventies of the last century for use in domestic laundry for their high energy efficiency and introduced at the beginning of the 21st century to the textile industry as an approach toward overcoming the extensive energy consumption in bleaching. In activated peroxide systems, bleach activators undergo perhydrolysis to generate more kinetically active peracids that enable bleaching under milder conditions while hydrolysis of bleach activators and decomposition of peracids may occur as side reactions to weaken the bleaching efficiency. This mini-review aims to summarize these competitive reactions in activated peroxide systems and their influence on bleaching performance.

Enzymatic colorimetry of lecithin and sphingomyelin in aqueous solution.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1513-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
M W McGowan ◽  
J D Artiss ◽  
B Zak
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Detergent Solution ◽  
Enzymatic Determination ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Zwitterionic Detergent

Abstract A procedure for the enzymatic determination of lecithin and sphingomyelin in aqueous solution is described. The phospholipids are first dissolved in chloroform:methanol (2:1 by vol), the solvent is evaporated, and the residue is redissolved in an aqueous zwitterionic detergent solution. The enzymatic reaction sequences of both assays involve hydrolysis of the phospholipids to produce choline, which is then oxidized to betaine, thus generating hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide is subsequently utilized in the enzymatic coupling of 4-aminoantipyrine and sodium 2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorobenzenesulfonate, an intensely red color being formed. The presence of a non-reacting phospholipid enhances the hydrolysis of the reacting phospholipid. Thus we added lecithin to the sphingomyelin standards and sphingomyelin to the lecithin standards. This precise procedure may be applicable to determination of lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid.

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