Butadiene polymerization over a π-allylnickel-alumina-silica gel catalyst system

1980 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Skupiński ◽  
M. Zawartke ◽  
St. Malinowski
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Catalyst System ◽  
Butadiene Polymerization

scholarly journals Environmental-Friendly Synthesis of Alkyl Carbamates from Urea and Alcohols with Silica Gel Supported Catalysts

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Yubo Ma ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Xiaodong Yang ◽  
Ronghui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Supported Catalyst ◽  
Catalyst System ◽  
Ethyl Carbamate ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Alkyl Carbamate

TiO2/SiO2, Cr2O3-NiO/SiO2, and TiO2-Cr2O3/SiO2 were prepared by the impregnation method for alkyl carbamate synthesis using urea as the carbonyl source. Up to 97.5% methyl carbamate yield, 97% ethyl carbamate yield, and 96% butyl carbamate yield could be achieved, respectively. The catalysts were characterized by ICP-AES, BET, XRD, XPS, NH3-TPD, and EPMA. Catalytic activity investigation revealed that TiO2/SiO2, Cr2O3-NiO/SiO2, and TiO2-Cr2O3/SiO2 were effective catalysts for methyl carbamate (MC), ethyl carbamate (EC), and butyl carbamate (BC), respectively. The recycling tests suggested that these silica gel supported catalyst system is active, stable, and reusable. A total of 96–97% alkyl carbamate (methyl, ethyl, and butyl) could be obtained in a 2 L autoclave, and these data suggested that our catalyst system is relatively easy to scale up.

scholarly journals Synthesis of High cis-Polybutadiene in Styrene Solution with Neodymium-Based Catalysts: Towards the Preparation of HIPS and ABS via In Situ Bulk Polymerization

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ramón Díaz de León ◽  
Florentino Soriano Corral ◽  
Francisco Javier Enríquez-Medrano ◽  
Gabriela Bosques Ibarra ◽  
Patricia de León Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst System ◽  
Bulk Polymerization ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Butadiene Polymerization ◽  
Melting Endotherm ◽  
Synthesized Materials

In a first step, 1,3-butadiene was selectively polymerized at 60°C in styrene as solvent using NdV3/DIBAH/EASC as the catalyst system. The catalyst system activation process, the addition order of monomers and catalyst components, and the molar ratios [Al]/[Nd] and [Cl]/[Nd] were studied. The catalyst system allowed the selective 1,3-butadiene polymerization, reaching conversions between 57.5 and 88.1% with low polystyrene contents in the order of 6.3 to 15.4%. Molecular weights ranging from 39,000 to 150,000 g/mol were obtained, while cis-1,4 content was found in the interval of 94.4 to 96.4%. On the other hand, the glass transition temperatures of synthesized materials were established in the range of −101.9 to −107.4°C, explained by the presence of polystyrene segments in the polybutadiene chains; in the same sense, the polybutadienes did not show the typical melting endotherm of high cis-polybutadienes. In a second step, the resulting styrene/high cis-1,4 polybutadiene solutions were used to synthesize ABS (adding a fraction of acrylonitrile monomer) and HIPS via in situ bulk polymerizations and the results were discussed in terms of morphological development, molecular parameters, dynamical mechanical behavior, and mechanical properties.

Stereoregular Polymerization of Butadiene with Alkylaluminum Chlorides and Cobalt Octoate

1966 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris Gippin
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst System ◽  
Tertiary Alcohol ◽  
Lewis Acidity ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Co Catalyst ◽  
Organic Hydroperoxide ◽  
Butadiene Polymerization ◽  
Chloride Water ◽  
Stereoregular Polymerization ◽  
A Minor

Abstract The requirement of water or oxygen to activate the diethylaluminum chloride co-catalyst used with a cobalt compound to produce 98 per cent cis-1,4 poly-butadiene was reported previously. Activation is considered to form two alkylaluminum compounds differing in Lewis acidity. Several reactions presumed to lead to the formation of the higher acid were carried out with a minor proportion of the diethylaluminum chloride by partial dealkylation with organic hydroperoxide, halogen, tertiary alcohol, organic halide or aluminum. Water is neither necessary nor desirable in the ethylaluminum sesquichloride-cobalt octoate catalyst system. Polar solvents do not appreciably alter the cis-1,4 catalysis with diethylaluminum chloride/water/cobalt octoate, but do decrease the rate or extent of polymerization with increasing dielectric constant of the solvent. A mechanism of cobalt catalysis of butadiene polymerization is proposed.

Some features of butadiene polymerization in presence of the catalyst system based on nickel salts and organoaluminium compounds

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2067-2074 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S Turov ◽  
T.A Rodionova ◽  
G.N Shilova ◽  
V.A Yefimov ◽  
B.F Ustavshchikov
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst System ◽  
Butadiene Polymerization

Study of Kinetics for Butadiene Polymerization in the Presence of Alkyl Iron Catalyst System

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1039-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaowu Xia ◽  
Chuanteng He ◽  
Baoyin Wang ◽  
Xueming Tang
Keyword(s):  
Iron Catalyst ◽  
Catalyst System ◽  
Butadiene Polymerization
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