Salinity tolerance and ecological aspects of some microfungi from saline and non-saline soils in Wyoming

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darwin E. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Ecological Aspects

Growth and Mineral Nutrition in Salt Stressed Guava ( Psidium guajava L.) cv . Allahabad Safeda

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANSHUMAN SINGH ◽  
ASHWANI KUMAR ◽  
R.K. YADAV ◽  
ASHIM DUTTA ◽  
D.K. SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Experimental Soil

Guav a cv . Allahabad Safeda w as grown in saline soils and irrigated with the best av ailable w ater -1 -1 + -1 (EC 2.8 dS m ). Based on chemical composition (pH- 7.1, EC - 2.8 dS m , Na - 20.04 meq l and IW IW sodium adsorption ratio- 4.86), irrigation w ater w as categorized as marginally saline. The soil pH 2 -1 w as mostly below 8.5 but mean electrical conductivity (EC ) v alues ranged from 0.5-2 dS m 2 indicating moderate to high salinity in the experimental soil. After one-y ear of experimentation, fiv e plants randomly selected from each treatment and the data w ere recorded. Plant height -1 -1 significantly increased (LSD 5%) with increase in salinity from 0.5 dS m to 1.4 dS m . A similar -1 trend w as noted with respect to stem girth. The av erage plant height at 0.5, 0.9 and 1.4 dS m salinity lev els w as 98.3 cm, 108.3 cm and 123 cm, respectiv ely whereas the corresponding stem girth v alues -1 w ere 2.24 cm, 2.28 cm and 2.46 cm. At 2 dS m salinity ,how ev er , both av erage plant height (94.6 cm) and stem girth (2.24 cm) significantly decreased and w ere found to be comparable to control (0.5 dS -1 + -1 m ) v alues. Plants show ed negligible Na accumulation in leav es up to 1.4 dS m salinity , but -1 + exposure to elev ated salinity (2 dS m ) significantly increased leaf Na (0.16% DW). These data -1 indicated a salinity tolerance (EC )threshold of about 1.5 dS m inguav a cultiv ar Allahabad Safeda.

scholarly journals Sodium Chloride-Induced leaf senescence in Hydrocotyle bonariensis Lam. and Foeniculum vulgare L.

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia R. B. Haddad ◽  
Paulo Mazzafera
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Leaf senescence induced by sodium chloride was studied in Hydrocotyle bonariensis Lam. and Foeniculum vulgare L. Both species belong to Umbelliferae family, however only H. bonariensis grows spontaneously in sandy soils of coastal regions (saline soils). Leaves of plants receiving nutrient solutions containing different concentrations of NaCl were evaluated for fresh and dry weights and chlorophyll content. The denaturating electrophoretic profiles of leaf proteins were also studied. Sodium chloride changed the protein profile of F. vulgare and hastened the leaf senescence of both the species. However, plants of H. bonariensis receiving 599 mM NaCl lasted longer than F. vulgare. Therefore, the occurrence of H. bonariensis in saline soils might be related with mechanisms of salinity tolerance.

CROP RESPONSE TO SALINE SOIL CONDITIONS IN THE PARKLAND AREA OF SASKATCHEWAN

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. FOWLER ◽  
J. W. HAMM
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Crop Performance

The salinity tolerance of six annual crop species, wheat, oats, barley, rye, flax and rapeseed, were determined on saline soils that occur north of the Quill Lakes in the northeastern corner of the agricultural area of Saskatchewan. The relative merits of a salt-tolerant grass-legume mixture were also given consideration. The effects of salt stress on spring-sown cultivars became most apparent following exposure to hot, dry summer weather. In contrast, maximum salt tolerance for both winter wheat and winter rye was a function of winterkill. The winterhardiness of both winter annuals was reduced by saline conditions, but winter rye was more adversely affected than winter wheat. Large decreases in seed yield, plant dry weight and height occurred before the effects of increased soil conductivity were expressed for hectoliter weight, 1000-kernel weight, date of maturity, protein content and oil content. Among the spring and winter annual cultivars considered, Bonanza barley and Garry oats demonstrated the greatest salt tolerance. However, where severely saline conditions occurred, mixtures of salt-tolerant perennial grasses and alfalfa proved to be more productive than either barley or oats. The salinity tolerance of all cultivars was greater for years with more favorable growing conditions. It was apparent that stress factors, such as soil salinity, cold, heat, drought, etc., have a cumulative effect in reducing crop performance. This observation emphasizes the importance of minimizing all stress factors when attempting to crop saline soils. Detailed soil analyses indicated that where salts were a problem, the level of salinity was extremely variable, often changing dramatically over short distances. This extreme variability made it difficult to assess the magnitude of the salinity problem. In this regard, crop performance, especially plant height, provided a good indicator for identifying saline areas for purposes of soil testing.

scholarly journals Salinity tolerance evaluation of barley germplasm for marginal soil utilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kico Dhima ◽  
Ioannis Vasilakoglou ◽  
Konstantinos Paschalidis ◽  
Nikitas Karagiannidis ◽  
Ilias Ilias
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Alternative Crop ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Barley Germplasm

One greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the tolerance to salinity and water deficit stresses of 184 barley varieties (breeding lines or registered varieties). Also, a 2-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield components of 16 of these varieties, representing tolerant, intermediate tolerant and susceptible ones, grown simultaneously in saline and non-saline soils. In the greenhouse, the K-means cluster analysis shown that 17 varieties were tolerant, 72 varieties intermediate tolerant, 16 varieties intermediate susceptible and 79 varieties susceptible. In the field, soil salinity reduced the germination of the barley varieties except for the varieties ICB 100126, Scarlett and Meteor. Barley varieties grown in the saline soil produced 33.2-to 83.4% lower dry biomass, 0.0-to 78.9% fewer ears and 0.0-to 81.5% lower grain yield than those of varieties grown in the non-saline soil. In the saline soil, the greatest grain yield was provided by the vars. Galt Brea 'S' and ICB 100126 (4.87 and 4.31 t ha-1, respectively), without significant differences between saline and non-saline soils. In most barley varieties, chlorophyll content and photosystem II quantum yield were greater under saline than under non-saline conditions. The results of this research indicated that, in barley germplasm, a remarkable genetic variation exists which would contribute to barley production in saline soils. Highlights - The salinity tolerance of 184 barley varieties was investigated. - There was great variability to salinity tolerance among barley germplasm. - There were barley varieties which grown in saline soil without significant yield reduction. - Barley could be an alternative crop system in soils with increased salinity.

scholarly journals Salinity tolerance of Avena sativa fodder genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Ajoy Kumar Roy ◽  
Devendra Ram Malaviya ◽  
Anjali Anand ◽  
Rang Nath Choubey ◽  
Mirza Jaynul Baig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Different Levels

Oats (Avena sativa L.) is an important winter season fodder cultivated in many parts of the world. India faces huge shortages of green forage and possesses large salt-affected areas, so identification of salt-tolerant material offers scope for breeding of cultivars for increasing production from salt-affected soils. Forty-eight genotypes of oats comprised of cultivars, germplasm accessions and advanced breeding lines were evaluated with the aim of identifying salt-tolerant genotypes for use on saline soils and/or in programs to breed more salt-tolerant cultivars. Screening was carried out at different growth stages in both pot and field studies. Germination and seedling vigor at different levels of salinity in terms of electrical conductivity (EC), i.e. EC4, EC8, EC12 and EC16, were assessed. Field-level salinity tolerance was assessed in pits where soils had EC ranging from 3.3 to 3.6 dS/m and pH 9.6. Sand culture experiments were carried out on 2 genotypes at different levels of NaCl solution as well as saline soil scrap solution so as to simulate a real field situation. Na, K, Ca and proline concentrations were estimated to understand the mechanism of salinity tolerance of the crop. The study resulted in identification of some suitable genotypes with acceptable levels of salt tolerance, which can be used in developing productive cultivars for saline soils.

Application of SSR Technique for the Identification of Markers Linked to Salinity Tolerance in Rice

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
MH Kabir ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
SN Begum ◽  
AC Manidas
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Phenotypic Screening ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Marker Assisted Breeding ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Rice Landrace ◽  
Salt Susceptible

A cross was made between high yielding salt susceptible BINA variety (Binadhan-5) with salt tolerant rice landrace (Harkuch) to identify salt tolerant rice lines. Thirty six F3 rice lines of Binadhan-5 x Harkuch were tested for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage in hydroponic system using nutrient solution. In F3 population, six lines were found as salt tolerant and 10 lines were moderately tolerant based on phenotypic screening at the seedling stage. Twelve SSR markers were used for parental survey and among them three polymorphic SSR markers viz., OSR34, RM443 and RM169 were selected to evaluate 26 F3 rice lines for salt tolerance. With respect to marker OSR34, 15 lines were identified as salt tolerant, 9 lines were susceptible and 2 lines were heterozygous. While RM443 identified 3 tolerant, 14 susceptible and 9 heterozygous rice lines. Eight tolerant, 11 susceptible and 7 heterozygous lines were identified with the marker RM169. Thus the tested markers could be efficiently used for tagging salt tolerant genes in marker-assisted breeding programme.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16929 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 57 - 65, 2008

ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DAGESTAN NATURAL WATER PROTECTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
T.I., Abdulganieva ◽  
◽  
Sh.G. Samedov ◽  
S.A., Mamaev ◽  
A.S. Kurbanismailova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Ecological Aspects

Implementation of New Technique for Phyto- and Chemical Melioration of Acidic and Saline Soils

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Zaimenko ◽  
◽  
N.P. Didyk ◽  
N.E. Ellanska ◽  
B.O. Ivanytska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technique ◽  
Saline Soils
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document