Early responses of drought-resistant and -susceptible tomato plants subjected to water stress

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indiren Pillay ◽  
Caula Beyl
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Susceptible Tomato

scholarly journals Multiyear Evaluation of the Durability of the Resistance Conferred by Ma and RMia Genes to Meloidogyne incognita in Prunus Under Controlled Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 833-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Khallouk ◽  
Roger Voisin ◽  
Ulysse Portier ◽  
Joël Polidori ◽  
Cyril Van Ghelder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
R Gene ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Resistance Breakdown ◽  
Susceptible Tomato ◽  
Prunus Spp

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) (Meloidogyne spp.) are highly polyphagous pests that parasitize Prunus crops in Mediterranean climates. Breeding for RKN-resistant Prunus cultivars, as an alternative to the now-banned use of nematicides, is a real challenge, because the perennial nature of these trees increases the risk of resistance breakdown. The Ma plum resistance (R) gene, with a complete spectrum, and the RMia peach R gene, with a more restricted spectrum, both provide total control of Meloidogyne incognita, the model parthenogenetic species of the genus and the most important RKN in terms of economic losses. We investigated the durability of the resistance to this nematode conferred by these genes, comparing the results obtained with those for the tomato Mi-1 reference gene. In multiyear experiments, we applied a high and continuous nematode inoculum pressure by cultivating nematode-infested susceptible tomato plants with either Prunus accessions carrying Ma or RMia R genes, or with resistant tomato plants carrying the Mi-1 gene. Suitable conditions for Prunus development were achieved by carrying out the studies in a glasshouse, in controlled conditions allowing a short winter leaf fall and dormancy. We first assessed the plum accession ‘P.2175’, which is heterozygous for the Ma gene, in two successive 2-year evaluations, for resistance to two M. incognita isolates. Whatever the isolate used, no nematodes reproducing on P.2175 were detected, whereas galls and nematodes reproducing on tomato plants carrying Mi-1 were observed. In a second experiment with the most aggressive isolate, interspecific full-sib material (P.2175 × [‘Garfi’ almond × ‘Nemared’ peach]), carrying either Ma or RMia (from Nemared) or both (in the heterozygous state) or neither of these genes, was evaluated for 4 years. No virulent nematodes developed on Prunus spp. carrying R genes, whereas galling and virulent individuals were observed on Mi-1-resistant tomato plants. Thus, the resistance to M. incognita conferred by Ma in Prunus material in both a pure-plum and an interspecific genetic background, or by RMia in an interspecific background, appears to be durable, highlighting the value of these two genes for the creation of Prunus rootstock material.

scholarly journals Transcriptional and Physiological Analyses to Assess the Effects of a Novel Biostimulant in Tomato

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Della Lucia ◽  
Ali Baghdadi ◽  
Francesca Mangione ◽  
Matteo Borella ◽  
Walter Zegada-Lizarazu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance

This work aimed to study the effects in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) of foliar applications of a novel calcium-based biostimulant (SOB01) using an omics approach involving transcriptomics and physiological profiling. A calcium-chloride fertilizer (SOB02) was used as a product reference standard. Plants were grown under well-watered (WW) and water stress (WS) conditions in a growth chamber. We firstly compared the transcriptome profile of treated and untreated tomato plants using the software RStudio. Totally, 968 and 1,657 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (adj-p-value < 0.1 and |log2(fold change)| ≥ 1) were identified after SOB01 and SOB02 leaf treatments, respectively. Expression patterns of 9 DEGs involved in nutrient metabolism and osmotic stress tolerance were validated by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) on RT-qPCR results highlighted that the gene expression profiles after SOB01 treatment in different water regimes were clustering together, suggesting that the expression pattern of the analyzed genes in well water and water stress plants was similar in the presence of SOB01 treatment. Physiological analyses demonstrated that the biostimulant application increased the photosynthetic rate and the chlorophyll content under water deficiency compared to the standard fertilizer and led to a higher yield in terms of fruit dry matter and a reduction in the number of cracked fruits. In conclusion, transcriptome and physiological profiling provided comprehensive information on the biostimulant effects highlighting that SOB01 applications improved the ability of the tomato plants to mitigate the negative effects of water stress.

STUDIES ON THE PARASITISM OF CLADOSPORIUM FULVUM

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2125-2135
Author(s):  
Thomas Curren
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Chromatographic Study ◽  
Cladosporium Fulvum ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Amino Compounds ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Partial Deficiency ◽  
Susceptible Tomato ◽  
Reduced Light

A study was made of the carbon and nitrogen nutrition of races 7, 8, and 10 of Cladosporium fulvum, and an attempt was made to relate the findings to the differential pathogenicity of the races.Cysteine was found to exert a differential effect on the growth of two races of the pathogen. Race 1 was stimulated by concentrations inhibitory to race 6. C. fulvum was found to have a partial deficiency for thiamine. The sporulation of race 10 on susceptible tomato plants was heavier with alanine-grown cultures than with any other nutritional treatment. Altering the nitrogen nutrition of varieties Potentate (S) and V-121 (R) did not affect their differential reactions to race 1. A reduction in nitrogen feeding to Stirling Castle (R) increased its resistance to race 1.A chromatographic study was made of the changes in amino compounds and sugars in Potentate and V-121 after infection by races 1 and 6. The relation of the findings to the resistance of V-121 to race 1 is discussed.The resistance of Stirling Castle was investigated by comparing the amino compounds and sugars in leaves of healthy plants and plants infected by race 1 under optimal conditions and under reduced light, where the resistance breaks down. Chromatographic analyses showed a noticeable depletion of certain metabolites in plants infected under reduced light as compared with the amount of depletion, if any, in the controls.

scholarly journals Effect of abscisic acid on the calcium content for controlling blossom-end rot in tomato under water stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-419
Author(s):  
Carlos Agostinho Balate ◽  
Douglas Correa de Souza ◽  
Luciane Vilela Resende ◽  
Sergio Tonetto de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Calcium Uptake ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Blossom End Rot ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Irrigation Levels

ABSTRACT Water stress in tomato plants may cause the incidence of blossom-end rot. This study aimed to analyze the effect of abscisic acid leaf application for increasing the calcium uptake in irrigated tomato (‘Santa Clara' cultivar) in the field, as a possible mechanism of blossom-end rot inhibition. The treatments consisted of four irrigation levels (25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % of the crop water requirements to fulfil the crop evapotranspiration) and two abscisic acid doses (0 mg L-1 and 500 mg L-1). The fruits were harvested at 15 and 30 days after the anthesis and evaluated for calcium content and percentage of blossom-end rot. The application of abscisic acid increased the calcium partition to the distal region of the fruits at 30 days after the beginning of flowering, as well as reduced the incidence of blossom-end rot by 86 %, when compared with plants not treated with abscisic acid. It is possible to conclude that the foliar application of abscisic acid can significantly reduce the incidence of blossom-end rot.

Water use Efficient Sunflower Hybrids having Diverse Cytoplasmic Background

Helia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (71) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikrant Tyagi ◽  
S. K. Dhillon
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Stress Susceptibility

Abstract A set of fifty two hybrids developed through line×tester breeding design were sown in randomized block design with three replications to evaluate their performance for seed yield under two environments (normal irrigation and water stress). Drought resistant indices and multivariate statistical analysis from the pooled data obtained from water stress and normal irrigated environments over the two years. Hybrid PRUN-29A × RCR-8297 (1.55) and 40A × P100R (1.55) had the largest stress tolerance index (STI) rate and hybrid ARG-2A × P69R the smallest rate (a high STI rate for the genotype represents its high drought resistance and its high yielding potential). Hybrid ARG-6A × P69R (2.41) had the largest extent (susceptible) of Stress susceptibility index (SSI), while hybrid E002-91 × RCR-8297 (0.13) had the least (resistant) extent a large extent of this index indicates the genotype susceptibility to drought. In terms of yield stability index (YSI), hybrid 40A × RCR-8297 (0.51) and ARG-6A × P69R (0.51) and hybrid ARG-2A × P69R (1.18) had the smallest and the largest rate respectively (genotypes with high YSI are expected to yield highly in stress conditions. Hybrid 40A × RCR-8297 (30.36) and PRUN-29A × P69R (−10.07) displayed the least and the most amount of tolerance index (TOL) index, a high amount of TOL is a sign of genotype susceptibility to stress. Hybrid PRUN-29A × P69R (1.53) displayed the least extent of yield index (YI), while hybrid ARG-6A × P69R (0.51) and 40A × RCR-8297 (0.51) displayed the highest extent.

Pectinmethylesterase in Fusarium-infected susceptible tomato plants

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Langcake ◽  
P.M. Bratt ◽  
R.B. Drysdale
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Susceptible Tomato
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