Similarity in effects of Na+ gradients and membrane potentials ond-glucose transport by, and phlorizin binding to, vesicles derived from brush borders of rabbit intestinal mucosal cells

1978 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Toggenburger ◽  
Markus Kessler ◽  
Aser Rothstein ◽  
Giorgio Semenza ◽  
Carl Tannenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Membrane Potentials ◽  
Phlorizin Binding ◽  
Brush Borders ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

scholarly journals Incorporation of [3H]leucine into an actin-like protein in response to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in chick intestinal brush borders

1978 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 627-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
P W Wilson ◽  
D E M Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Brush Borders ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol very rapidly stimulates the incorporation of [4,5-3H]leucine into at least two proteins of the chick intestinal mucosal cells. The smaller of the two proteins has mol.wt. approx. 42000, very similar to actin. Other properties of this protein were investigated, including its solubility in salt solution and its behaviour on gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing, and in all cases the 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol-stimulated protein was indistinguishable from intestinal actin. It was also shown that the brush borders of mucosal cells contain both beta- and gamma-actin in approximately equal amounts and that both forms of the protein appear to be affected by the hormone. It is concluded therefore that one of the earliest actions of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is to stimulate the incorporation of leucine into beta- and gamma-actin of the mucosal cells or into two proteins very like them.

Bacterial-Mucosal Cell Junctional Complexes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
Roger C. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Mucosal Lining ◽  
Degenerative Alterations ◽  
Junctional Complexes ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

Bacteria exhibit the ability to adhere to the apical surfaces of intestinal mucosal cells. These attachments either precede invasion of the intestinal wall by the bacteria with accompanying inflammation and degeneration of the mucosa or represent permanent anchoring sites where the bacteria never totally penetrate the mucosal cells.Endemic gram negative bacteria were found attached to the surface of mucosal cells lining the walls of crypts in the rat colon. The bacteria did not intrude deeper than 0.5 urn into the mucosal cells and no degenerative alterations were detectable in the mucosal lining.

Fine Structural Localization of Acyltransferases Involved in Lipid Synthesis in Intestinal Mucosa.

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
R. J. Barrnett ◽  
J. A. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Structural Localization ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Initial Appearance ◽  
Sh Group ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

The main products of intestinal hydrolysis of dietary triglycerides are free fatty acids and monoglycerides. These form micelles from which the lipids are absorbed across the mucosal cell brush border. Biochemical studies have indicated that intestinal mucosal cells possess a triglyceride synthesising system, which uses monoglyceride directly as an acylacceptor as well as the system found in other tissues in which alphaglycerophosphate is the acylacceptor. The former pathway is used preferentially for the resynthesis of triglyceride from absorbed lipid, while the latter is used mainly for phospholipid synthesis. Both lipids are incorporated into chylomicrons. Morphological studies have shown that during fat absorption there is an initial appearance of fat droplets within the cisternae of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and that these subsequently accumulate in the golgi elements from which they are released at the lateral borders of the cell as chylomicrons.We have recently developed several methods for the fine structural localization of acyltransferases dependent on the precipitation, in an electron dense form, of CoA released during the transfer of the acyl group to an acceptor, and have now applied these methods to a study of the fine structural localization of the enzymes involved in chylomicron lipid biosynthesis. These methods are based on the reduction of ferricyanide ions by the free SH group of CoA.

scholarly journals Effects of soy protein isolate hydrolysates on cholecystokinin released by rat intestinal mucosal cells and food intake in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 4459-4468
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Qing-qi Guo ◽  
Hua-nan Guan ◽  
Wojciech Piekoszewski ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

scholarly journals Influence of iron supplementation frequency on absorption efficiency and mucosal ferritin in anaemic rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Benito ◽  
William House ◽  
Dennis Miller
Keyword(s):  
Test Dose ◽  
Nitrilotriacetic Acid ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Supplementation Frequency ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Supplemental Dose ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

It is believed that frequent Fe doses decrease the efficiency of absorption as a consequence of the loading of intestinal mucosal cells with Fe from the previous supplemental dose. We examined this premise in thirty anaemic Sprague-Dawley rats given Fe supplements as FeSO4in 1 g preparations of a 50:50 (w/w mixture of low-Fe diet and sucrose under one of the following regimens: one 3 mg Fe dose daily for 3d, four 0.75mg doses daily at 6h intervals for 3d, and one 9mg dose on day 1 followed by two placebo (low-Fe diet) doses on days 2 and 3. All groups were fed on two low-Fe meals daily (8.3 mg Fe/kg diet). After an overnight fast rats were dosed with 1 ml of an59Fe-labelled ferric nitrilotriacetic acid solution (37 kBq59Fe, 50 μg Fe) orally and killed 10 h later. Absorption of59Fe was measured as the percentage of the59Fe retained by the carcass without the gastrointestinal tract 10 h after dosing relative to the initial59Fe dose. Haemoglobin-Fe gain, liver non-haem-Fe, and mucosal duodenal ferritin were determined after the 3 d supplementation period. Absorption of the test dose in rats supplemented once 3 d before assessment of Fe absorption was 2.6-fold greater than those supplemented with daily single doses and 1.9-fold greater than those supplemented with daily multiple doses. Our data indicate that both mucosal ferritin and liver Fe levels account for the higher absorption efficiency found in rats supplemented once to simulate intermittent regimens.

Effect of blood in the gut on measurements of endogenous carbon monoxide production

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
RP Brouillard ◽  
ME Conrad ◽  
TA Bensinger
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Porphyrin Ring ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Normal Volunteers ◽  
Endogenous Production ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

Abstract Changes induced in measurements of endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) production by blood in the lumen of the gut were studied in five normal volunteers. The study was undertaken because exogenous heme is absorbed by intestinal mucosal cells where the porphyrin ring is split with the release of CO that could contribute to blood CO levels and lead to a fallacious diagnosis of hemolytic disease. Volunteers who consumed 200 ml of their own blood doubled their endogenous production of CO (0.69 versus 0.34 mumoles/kg/hr). This suggested that at least 3% of the ingested heme was degraded and recovered as CO within 2 1/2 hr. Measurements of serum bilirubin also showed a significant increase after ingestion of blood. These data indicate that blood in the gastrointestinal tract can interfere with quantification of heme and bilirubin turnover from measurements of either endogenous CO production or bilirubin and suggest that this might occur with the ingestion of meat.

scholarly journals Iron Transport by Isolated Rat Intestinal Mucosal Cells

1978 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Savin ◽  
James D. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Iron Transport ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells ◽  
Isolated Rat
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